An Bayani game da Magungunan Sclerosis
Magunguna masu gyaran cututtuka suna da matukar muhimmanci wajen kula da MS. Duk da yake ba za su taimaka maka ba wajen taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka, suna aiki a bayan al'amuran don rage yanayinka.
Wannan an ce, akwai hanyoyin magance matsalolin da ke cikin gwagwarmayar MS. Wadannan sun haɗa da magungunan, magungunan gyara, da kuma hanyoyin magance juna, kamar tunani da reflexology.
Duk da yake babu maganin warkar da lafiya ga MS, zaka iya zama lafiya tare da wannan cuta.
A gaskiya ma, rayuwa da yin hulɗa tare da MS iya iya nuna ƙarfin zuciyarka wanda ba ka taɓa san ko da ka ba.
Magunguna masu gyarawa
Nazarin ilimin kimiyya game da magungunan cututtuka ga MS sun gano cewa ba wai kawai rage adadin sake komawa mutum ba amma har ma yadda mummunan halayen ya kasance. Bugu da ƙari, nazarin ya nuna cewa magungunan cututtukan cututtuka na rage yawanci da girman raunuka (kamar yadda aka gani akan MRI na kwakwalwa da / ko igiya) da kuma jinkirta ci gaban MS.
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Ta yaya mai maganin cututtuka don ƙwayar cuta zai iya magance ciwo na rashin lafiya
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Dalilin da yasa Sabanin Sheath na Mahimmanci ne a Binciken MS
Saboda wadannan nazarin, MS Society na kasa ya ba da shawara sosai ga mutanen da suka kamu da cutar tare da sifofi na MS don fara magance su tare da maganin cutar gyaran cutar nan da nan. An yi imani da cewa farkon da ka fara, hakan ya fi dacewa da damar da za ka rage nauyin cututtukanka.
Akwai magunguna guda goma sha biyar da Hukumar Kula da Abinci da Drugke ta Amurka (FDA) ta amince don magance magunguna na MS (mutanen da ke dawo da MS da mutanen da ke ci gaba da cigaba ko na biyu na cigaba na MS wanda ke da kwarewa). Daya daga cikin wadannan magunguna kuma an yarda da ita ga mutanen da ke da matukar cigaban MS (Ocrevus) kuma an yarda da su na biyu na MS (Novantrone).
Injections
Akwai magunguna guda takwas da ake yin allurar ciki a cikin tsoka (intramuscular) ko kuma a karkashin fata a cikin abin da ke ciki (subcutaneous). Magunguna guda biyar daga cikin magungunan su ne maganin kwakwalwa na intanet kuma sun hada da:
Interferons sunadaran sunadaran ne da aka samar ta hanyar rigakafi ta mutum don mayar da martani ga kamuwa da cutar bidiyo. An yi imanin cewa ga mutanen da ke tare da MS, maganin maganin interferon yana canza maganin cutar ta mutum, wanda zai haifar da raguwa a cikin kwakwalwa ta hanyar kirji da ke cikin kwakwalwa da ƙwararren mutum. Myelin yana ƙyatar da ƙwayoyin jijiyar jiki kuma, lokacin da lalacewa ko lalata (wanda ya faru da MS), jijiyoyi ba zasu iya saduwa da junansu ba.
Ana magance matsalolin maganin interferon amma yana iya haifar da ciwo ko jawa a wurin da aka yi amfani da maganin fata. Bugu da ƙari, wasu mutane suna fama da kamuwa da cututtuka da irin wannan farfadowa, ko da yake wannan yana nuna mafi alheri da lokaci.
Dangane da ƙididdigar da kuke ciki, likitanku na iya saka idanu da jini (kamar hanta ko jini na gwaje-gwajen jini) ko kuma ku tambaye ku tambayoyi game da tarihin lafiyarku kafin a tsara shi.
Alal misali, likitanku na iya yin tambaya idan kuna da tarihi na ciki-wanda zai iya ciwo a kan farfadowa na intanet.
Sauran magungunan maganin cutar guda biyu na MS su ne Copaxone da Glatopa (nau'in kwayar cutar, wanda ba ta da tsada). Kamar dai sauransu, masana kimiyya ba daidai ba ne game da yadda Copaxone ko Glatopa ke aiki, amma an yi imani cewa waɗannan magungunan sunyi amfani da sunadaran da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda hakan ya kawo rikice-rikicen tsarin da zai iya yada mummunan yarinya.
Sakamakon sakamako na al'ada Copaxone da Glatopa shine maganin a cikin wurin injection, kamar maganin interferon. Gyaran shafukan injections da yin amfani da dumi mai dumi kafin injecti zai iya taimakawa wajen rage irin wannan karfin.
Har ila yau, kimanin kashi 16 cikin dari na mutanen da ke daukar Copaxone ko Glatopa suna samun maganin bayan inganci wanda zai haifar da mummunan bayyanar cututtuka kamar racing zuciya ko damuwa. Labari mai dadi shine wadannan bayyanar cututtuka suna ɓacewa a cikin minti 15 kuma basu da wani sakamako mai tsawo.
Wani magungunan ƙwayar cuta-inganci shine Zinbryta (daclizumab).
Wannan magani shi ne antibody a kan kwayoyin da ake kira CD25 a kan T-cell, wanda shine kwayoyin rikici-ƙwayar cuta a cikin tsarin rigakafi. An kiyasta Zinbryta don rage sashin MS ta rage yawan t-jikin T a cikin jikin da aka sani don kai hari ga myelin a cikin MS. Ana ba Zinbryta sau ɗaya a wata, a ƙarƙashin fata. Saboda gaskiyar cewa yana da yiwuwar haifar da mummunan matsalolin hanta, da kuma matsalolin matsalolin tsarin, Zinbryta kawai za'a iya tsara shi ta hanyar shirin na musamman.
Magungunan maganganu
Akwai kwakwalwa na maganin cutar MS guda biyar, wanda shine kyakkyawan tsari ga mutanen da basu iya jurewa injections ko ga mutanen da MS ya cigaba da ci gaba ba tare da maganin ƙwayar cuta da / ko Copaxone.
Gilyena (fingolimod) wani kwaya ne da aka yi sau ɗaya a rana. Yawanci yana aiki ne ta hana wasu kwayoyin rigakafin barin ƙwayoyin lymph. Tun da T-cells sun kasance a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph, ba za su iya shiga cikin kwakwalwa da kashin baya ba saboda haka ne ya sa raunuka .
Akwai abubuwa da dama da ke hade da Gilyena kamar ciwon kai, mura, zawo, da kuma ciwon baya.
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Mene ne Copaxone Cikixone Nan da nan Gwajin Inganci?
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Facts a kan Gilenya Sauran Than kasancewa na Farko MS maganin jinya
Gilyena zai iya haifar da mummunar tasiri irin ta hangen nesa, numfashi ko hanta, da kuma cututtuka. Saboda yiwuwar Gilyena don yin jinkirin zuciya, sa ido ga sa'o'i shida bayan an fara buƙatar farko a cikin tsarin kiwon lafiya.
Wani magani na MS shine Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate) -a kwayar da aka yi sau biyu a kowace rana. Wannan magani yana kunna hanya a cikin jiki wanda ake mayar da ita lokacin da aka jaddada kwayoyin. A wasu kalmomi, yana taimakawa kare kwayoyin, ko da yake daidai yadda wannan yake aiki a cikin mutumin da ke da MS ba shi da kyau.
Abubuwan da ke faruwa na yau da kullum na Tecfidera suna raguwa, tashin zuciya, zawo, da ciwon ciki. Babban mummunan cututtuka sun hada da rashin lafiyar mai tsanani, ci gaba da ci gaba mai laushi da yawa (yanayin rayuwar kwakwalwar rayuwa), da kuma rage yawan kwayoyin cutar kamuwa da cuta.
Ana amfani da aubagio (teriflunomide) sau ɗaya a kowace rana kuma yana iya haifar da ciwon kai, gashi mai launi, zawo, tashin zuciya, ko jarabawar hanta jini. Aubagio yana aiki ne ta hanyar kawar da tsarin rigakafi, saboda haka zai iya sanya mutane zuwa cututtuka.
Tunda Aubagio na iya haifar da rashin hanta, likitanku zai bincika gwajin jinin hanta ku kafin fara magani kuma daga bisani. Aubagio ita ce magunguna ta X, don haka ba za a iya amfani dashi yayin da mace take ciki ko kuma idan tana shirin yin ciki.
Infusions
Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) wani magani ne na maganin cutar MS wanda aka ba shi tsawon kwana biyar a jere kuma bayan kwana uku a jere bayan shekara daya. Saboda gaskiyar cewa akwai wadatar gargadi na FDA da aka haɗa da Lemtrada, za'a iya ba shi ta hanyar shirin na musamman kuma an adana shi ne ga mutanen da ke da MS wanda basu da amsa mara dacewa ga magunguna biyu ko fiye da sauran cututtuka.
Wani magani mai gyaran ƙwayoyin cuta wanda aka yi amfani da shi shine Novantrone (mitoxantrone), magani mai cututtuka wanda aka ba kowace watanni uku. Bugu da ƙari ga zalunta da sifofin MS , ana iya amfani da mitoxantrone don biyan MS . Mitoxantrone zai iya haifar da lalacewar zuciya, don haka za'a iya ba shi iyaka sau da yawa. Har ila yau an danganta shi da ci gaban cutar cutar sankarar myeloid m (AML).
Wani na uku da aka ba da maganin cutar MS shine Tysabri (natalizumab) , wanda aka ba kowane kwanaki 28. Ba za a iya gudanar da shi ba a cikin cibiyar jiko da aka yarda da shi saboda hadarin bunkasa ci gaba mai mahimmanci na leukoencephalopathy (PML) -a yiwuwar kamuwa da cututtukan kwakwalwa da aka danganta da cutar ta JC .
Ocrevus (ocrelizumab) shi ne sabuwar sabuwar farfadowar MS da aka yarda da FDA, an amince da su duka biyu da MS da kuma MS na gaba daya (na farko). An ba shi a matsayin jiko kowane watanni shida.
A matsayin mai cin zarafi na dayaclonal, Ocrevus yana ɗaukar kwayoyin halitta a kan kwayoyin B wanda ake kira CD20, saboda haka rage yawan kwayoyin B a cikin jinin mutum. Baya ga kwayoyin T, ƙwayoyin B sune wani nau'i na kwayar halitta mai rikitarwa da aka yi imani da shi don taka muhimmiyar rawa da lalacewar myelin.
Abubuwan da ke zuwa yanzu
Bishara shine cewa masana kimiyya suna koyo game da MS a kowace rana, wanda ma yana nufin cewa littafin, mafi kyau hanyoyin kwantar da hankulan suna fitowa. Wasu magungunan miyagun kwayoyi (kamar wasu magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta guda daya) suna cikin fasalin farko na binciken. Sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, irin su tsire-tsire -tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire- tsire , sune mafi yawan rikici-mafi yawa saboda babu manyan binciken kimiyya don dawo da amfani.
A karshe, wani yanki na bincike shine tasirin abinci a cikin MS, ciki har da karin bayani akan bitamin D da kwayoyin jini . Duk da yake babu wani abincin da ya dace (kamar Swank abinci) wanda mutane da MS ya kamata su bi gaba daya, duk abincin lafiya mai kyau da ke cikin fiber da ƙananan mai mai bada shawara daga MS Society na kasa.
Yin maganin cututtuka
Duk da yake yana da muhimmanci a kan maganin cutar gyaran cutar ga MS ɗinka, yana da mahimmanci don kara ƙarfafawa da aiki. A gaskiya, yin jima'i tare da MS shine aiki na yau da kullum ga mafi yawan mutane, yana buƙatar shirin mai tunani game da yadda zaka iya sarrafa rana mai kyau a ƙarƙashin nauyi na ƙuntatawarka.
Gaskiya ita ce, akwai hanyoyin kulawa da yawa don taimakawa mutumin da ke da MS ko ƙaunatacciyar ƙauna da jin dadi da kuma kula da rashin lafiyar ko alamun bayyanar cututtuka. Wadannan maganin sun hada da:
- Magunguna
- Salon rayuwar
- Sakamakon gyara
- Ƙarin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali
Ɗaya daga cikin alamun da ke da mawuyacin hali ga mutane da yawa tare da MS shine gajiya -in dukkanin abin da yake ciki, mummunan lalacewa wanda zai iya yin abubuwa mai sauƙi kamar yin ado da safe ko yin tunani akan fim din ƙalubalen da maras kyau. Amma akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don magance shi, ciki har da:
- Aikin motsa jiki na yau da kullum da aka tsara don bukatunku tare da taimakon mai kwantar da hankali a jiki
- Cutar ta jiki kamar yoga
- Halin kwanciyar hankali mai kyau kamar kiyaye irin wannan barci a kowace rana
- Ka guje wa zafi
- Magunguna kamar Symmetrel (amantadine) , Provigil (modafinil) , ko Ritalin (methylphenidate)
Kamar gajiya, akwai hanyoyin maganin wariyar launin fata don sauran alamun cututtukan MS. Alal misali, za a iya amfani da tunani mai mahimmanci don magance cutar ta MS kamar yadda zai iya maganin magani kamar gabapentin don ciwo da cututtuka da tsohuwar jiki don jin zafi na tsoka ( spasticity ).
Ganin likita zai iya taimaka maka wajen sarrafa alamun bayyanarka. Masanin ilimin lissafi ko likitan ilimin likitancin jiki zai iya bada shawara ko bada hanyoyin magance zubar da jima'i na MS, kamar lalacewa marar kyau a cikin maza ko rage rashin jin dadi / jin dadi a cikin mata. Mai neuropsychologist zai iya taimakawa mutumin da ke fama da rashin tausayi . Ga mutanen da ke da MS waɗanda suke buƙatar kayan aiki na kayan aiki, mai ilimin likita na jiki da na sana'a zai iya taimakawa wajen haɓaka 'yancin kai da kuma aiki a cikin gidanka da kuma aiki.
Kalma Daga
Ka yi ƙoƙari ka yi haƙuri kamar yadda kai da sashen kiwon lafiyar ka na MS suka fitar da mafi kyawun maganin jiyya-ma'auni mai kyau tsakanin jinkirin saukar MS ɗin yayin da ka rage yawan tasiri da kuma kara yadda kake ji. Ka tuna MS yana da wata cuta ta musamman, don haka abin da ke aiki ga aboki ko ƙaunataccen abu bazai zama mafi kyau a gare ka ba.
Har ila yau, yayin da ciwonku ya ci gaba ko inganta bayan sake dawowa, ƙwayoyinku da yanke shawara za su canza. Ka yi ƙoƙari ka kasance mai sauƙi kuma ka tuntubi tunaninka da damuwa tare da likitan ka. Ci gaba da yin ƙarfi a kan tafiya ta MS.
> Sources:
> Bloomgren G et al. Hadarin na natalizumab hade mai haɓakawa mai yawa multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med . 2012 Mayu 17; 36620): 1870-80.
> Babban Bankin CB & Deeks ED. Dimethyl fumarate: nazari akan amfani da shi a cikin marasa lafiya tare da sakewa-mayar da ƙananan sclerosis. CNS Drugs . 2014 Afrilu 28 (4): 373-87.
> Fazekas F et al. Ta yaya fingolimod (Gilyena) fir a cikin magani algorithm domin sosai aiki relapsing-mayar da yawa sclerosis? Neurol na gaba . 2013; 4: 10.
> Lycke J. Monoclonal anti-therapies don kula da sake dawowa-mayar da yawa sclerosis: daban-daban hanyoyin da kuma sakamakon asibiti. Tsarancin Mara Neurol . 2015 Nov; 8 (6): 274-293.
> Ƙungiyar MS Society ta kasa. Magunguna-gyaggyara maganin cututtuka na MS .
> Namjooyan, F., Ghanavati, R., Majdinasab, N., Jokari, S., & Janbozorgi, M. (2014). Amfani da karin magani da kuma maganin maganin maganin sclerosis. Journal of Traditional Medicine Medicine , Jul-Sep; 4 (3): 145-52.