Tsarin tsire-tsire mai sassauci shine gwajin gwaji da bincike mai zurfi na bincike na Multiple Sclerosis (MS) , kuma sakamakon binciken kimiyya ya zuwa yanzu. Da aka ce, masana suna da hankali, saboda irin wannan farfadowa yana biyan haraji a jikin, kuma yana buƙatar yin la'akari da wadatar da aka samu da fursunoni.
Sanya Tsarin Cell a Multiple Sclerosis
A baya, an ajiye sassan cell transplants ga waɗanda ke da wasu irin ciwon daji na jini ko ƙashin kashi, kamar cutar sankarar bargo, lymphoma, ko myeloma mai yawa.
Amma a cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, an yi nazarin sakon kwayoyin cutar a wasu lokuta da suka shafi likita, ciki har da sclerosis da yawa.
Tsarin tantanin halitta na sutura don zalunta MS farawa tare da hanyar da ake kira tsirrai ƙwayar salula. Wannan hanya ta ƙunshi cire sel daga jikin mutum daga jinin su (wanda ya isa ta hanyar kwayar jikin) ko naman jikinsu (wanda ya isa ta hanyar allura a ƙashin ƙugu).
Yanayin likita na wannan shi ne sautin wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin jiki wanda ake amfani da shi a jikin mutum wanda ake amfani da shi a jikinsa kuma yana nufin ma'anar jinin jini.
Da zarar an tattara kwayoyin sutura da adanawa, mutum zai sami tsari na rigakafi ko dai an soke shi (wanda ake kira dashi ba tare da haɓakawa ba) ko kuma goge (da ake kira dashi na myeloabiga). Ana kawar da wannan maye ko sokewa ta hanyar maganin cututtukan chemotherapy da magungunan rigakafi.
Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin tsarin maye gurbin tsarin da kuma ablation (shafewa) shi ne cewa sharewa yana buƙatar mafi girma, ƙarin maganin cututtuka na chemotherapy, idan aka kwatanta da maye gurbin, wanda ke buƙatar ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyi.
Bayan wannan lokaci ya cika, mutum zai huta don kwanaki biyu kafin ya jure jita-jita-jigilar kwayoyin halitta-hanyar da aka sawa kwayoyin da aka ba wa mutum ta hanyar kwayar halitta.
Da zarar an yi amfani da su, wadannan kwayoyin halitta sunyi tafiya daga jini zuwa cikin kasusuwan da suka haifa kuma suka gina wani littafi ba tare da wani tsari ba - da ra'ayin cewa wannan sabon tsari na ingantaccen tsari zai kasance lafiya kuma ba zai kai farmaki a cikin kwaskwarima a cikin kwakwalwa da kashin baya ba igiya.
Kimiyya Bayan Tsarin Sugar Tsarin Lafiya a cikin MS
A cikin nazarin Kanada a shekara ta 2016 a Lancet, 12 mahalarta masu haɗaka tare da sake dawowa-yaduwar cutar sclerosis da marasa lafiya 12 tare da MS na cigaba da ci gaba sunyi amfani da kwayar halitta. Wadannan mahalarta suna fama da mummunar cuta da kuma rashin lafiya sosai, ma'anar cewa suna da nakasar MS da yawa tare da ciwon rashin lafiya, duk da maganin MS.
Sakamako na wannan binciken ya kasance mai alhaki ko da yake. Daga cikinsu masu halartar 24, 17 (kashi 70) ba su da cutar MS a shekaru uku bayan dasawa. Babu cututtukan MS da ake nufi:
- babu sabon MS sake dawowa
- babu sababbin cutar MS a kan MRI
- babu tabbacin ci gaban ci gaba
Bugu da ƙari, a shekara 7.5 bayan gwanin dashi, kashi 40 cikin dari na mahalarta sun sami ci gaba a cikin rashin lafiyar MS. A gaskiya ma, wasu daga cikin masu halartar taron sunyi matukar farfadowa ciki har da:
- ƙudurin nystagmus da ataxia
- komawa aiki ko makaranta
- yin aure ko shiga
- Yara da yara ta amfani da kogi ko kayan da aka ba su
Dukkanin an ce, yana da muhimmanci a lura cewa daga cikin mahalarta 24, wanda ya mutu saboda wani kamuwa da cuta, wani rikici da ya danganci ƙwayar cell. Wani mai halarta kuma ya haifar da matsalolin haɗari mai haɗari da aka kwantar da shi har tsawon lokaci. Har ila yau, akwai wasu cututtuka masu illa da suka danganci dasawa, kamar zazzabi mai tsaka tsaki da maganin ƙwayar cuta da cututtuka na chemotherapy.
Ƙarin Rigin Tsarin Bincike na Fassara a MS
A cikin binciken na 2015 a JAMA , 123 masu halartar tare da sake mayar da MS da masu halartar 28 tare da MS na cigaba da ci gaba da kasancewa da sassaucin kwayar halitta.
Ana bin mahalarta a matsakaicin shekaru 2.5. Ba kamar binciken da ya gabata ba, an kawar da tsarin rigakafi a cikin wadannan marasa lafiya, saboda an yi watsi da an shafe su kafin suyi jigilar kwayoyin halitta-wanda ake kira dashi mai sassaucin kwayar halitta .
Sakamakon da aka ba da shawarar ƙaddamar da ƙwayar sakewa da kuma yawan lamarin da aka samu na MS a kan dukkanin bayanan kwayar jini wanda aka sare MRIs. An kammala MRI ta Brain a watanni 6 bayan an dasa shi sannan a shekara.
Har ila yau, an samu cigaba ta hanyar daya ko fiye a cikin shirin EDSS cikin kashi 50 cikin dari na mahalarta a shekaru 2 da 64 bisa dari na mahalarta a shekaru 4. Hidimar EDSS ta auna matakan MS kuma ci gaba da kasancewar nakasa. Amma wannan cigaba ne kawai aka gani a wadanda suke tare da MS-retarding MS (ba wadanda suke da MS-progressive MS), da waɗanda suka yi MS na shekaru 10 ko žasa.
Wannan binciken yana da muhimmanci sosai a cikin cututtuka masu illa-babu mutuwa ko cututtuka masu tsanani. Wannan ƙila an danganta shi ga maye gurbin da aka shafe daga tsarin rigakafi kafin a kara jigilar kwayoyin jini.
Kalma Daga
Duk da yake wannan kyakkyawan bincike ne, masana har yanzu suna da hankali. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen ƙananan ne kuma marasa kungiyoyi. Ana buƙatar nazari mai tsawo da kuma dogon lokaci don fahimtar amfanin da aminci na ƙwayar siginar cell a zalunta MS. Har ila yau, hadarin kiwon lafiya na sassaucin kwayar halitta yana da gaske. Saboda haka gano hanyoyin da za a rage waɗannan hadarin shine ƙalubalen da ke gudana a yanzu.
Bugu da ƙari, ko da an sa shinge na cell ya amince da MS, yana iya zama farilla da aka tanadar wa waɗanda ke da MS mafi tsanani waɗanda suka kasa maganin gargajiya kamar interferons ko Copaxone-ba dole ba cewa ba zaiyi aiki ba ga waɗanda ke fama da ciwo , amma kawai cewa haɗari bazai dace da shi ba.
Sources:
Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka. Tsarin Cell Sugar don Ciwon Cutar.
Atkins et al. Immunoablation da gyaran hawan gwiwar hawan gwiwar jiki na autologous na ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa wadanda suka kamu da ƙwayar cuta. Lancet. 2016. 2016 Jun 8. Koma: S0140-6736 (16) 30169-6.
Burt RK et al. Ƙungiyar na marasa lafiya wanda ba tare da haɓaka ba a cikin kwayoyin halitta tare da nakasawa na rashin lafiya a cikin marasa lafiya tare da sakewa da sakewa-scletrosis. JAMA . 2015 Janairu; 313 (3): 275-84.