Tabbatar da irin mummunan cutar sankarar mahaifa (AML) wanda ke da shi kamar kamuwa da sauran cututtuka, kamar huhu ko ciwon nono. A cikin ciwon kyamaran ƙwayar cuta kamar waɗannan, yin gyare-gyare yana da mahimmanci don sanin ƙimar cutar, kuma don taimakawa wajen tsara shiri. A game da cutar sankarar bargo , duk da haka, likitoci za su kalli samfurorin samfurori daga fata mai yaduwa da kwayoyin halitta domin sanin ƙwararren myelogenous (ko myeloblastic) cutar tawon sankarar jini, sa'an nan kuma ƙayyade matakai na gaba.
Abin da ke ƙayyade irin AML?
Duk kwayoyin jini, ciki har da jini mai launin jini, platelets, da jini mai tsabta, farawa a matsayin kwayar sintiri daya a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa . Kwayoyin da ba su da kwarewa ba su da ikon samar da sutura, ɗauke da oxygen, ko yin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, amma suna ci gaba ko girma a cikin kwayoyin jini masu aiki.
Sassan kwayoyin sunyi girma cikin kwayoyin jini marar yalwa, wanda suke kallo kuma suna aiki kadan kamar tantanin halitta "adult" zasu kasance tare da kowane mataki na ci gaba da suke shiga. Da zarar jinin jini ya isa ya cika aikinsa a cikin jiki, an saki shi daga kasusuwa na kasusuwa kuma cikin jini, inda zai kasance ga sauran rayuwarsa.
A cikin yanayin cutar cutar sankarar ƙanƙara , akwai karuwa da kuma sakin kwayoyin jini marar kyau. Kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo sun zama "makale" a wani mataki na cigaba, kuma basu iya yin aikin da aka tsara su yi.
Nau'in an ƙaddara ta hanyar mataki na ci gaba da kwayoyin dakatarwa a.
Akwai tsarin tsari guda biyu don gano ginshiƙan AML - tsarin tsarin Faransanci-Amurka-Birtaniya (FAB) da Hukumar Tsarin Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).
FAB ita ce mafi yawan amfani. Don rarraba AML ta yin amfani da wannan tsarin, likitoci zasu dubi kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo da suka samo a lokacin rawanin kasusuwan kwayar halitta .
Bayan kayyade matsayin mataki na ci gaba da kwayoyin halitta ke nan, za su kuma ƙayyade wane nau'in tantanin halitta da ya kamata su zama a lokacin da suka girma.
Shafin da ke ƙasa ya bayyana wannan tsarin a cikin dalla-dalla.
Me yasa Matata na Jirgin AML?
Bayanin na AML na taimaka wa likitoci su hango lafiyar jiyya, sakamakonka, bayyanarwa, da kuma hali na cutarka.
Alal misali, masu bincike sun koyi cewa lalata M0, M4, da M5 suna haɗuwa da ƙananan ƙididdiga kuma basu da kyau ga farfadowa. M4 da kuma M5 subtype cutar sankarar bargo kuma sun fi iya samar da ƙwayoyin da ake kira granulocytic sarcomas (raunuka da ke samar da nama mai laushi ko kashi) da kuma yaduwa ga ruwa na cerebrospinal (CSF).
Jiyya daidai yake ga mafi yawan cututtuka na m cutar sankarar bargo tare da APL (M3). Ana amfani da magungunan magungunan magance APL, kuma maganin ya zama mafi kyau fiye da sauran nau'in cutar sankarar bargo.
Tsarin Binciken FAB
| Subtype | Sunan Subtype | Frequency | Siffofin Cell |
|---|---|---|---|
| M0 | Myeloblastic | 9- 12% | Kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo ne musamman ma ba su da halayen tantanin halitta wanda ya kamata su zama. |
| M1 | AML tare da ƙananan iyaka | 16- 26% | Kwayoyin myeloid marasa mutuwa (ko myeloblasts / "blasts") su ne babban nau'in tantanin halitta a cikin samfurin samfurin. |
| M2 | AML tare da maturation | 20-29% | Samfurori sun ƙunshi myeloblasti masu yawa, amma nuna mafi girma fiye da M1 subtype. Myeloblasti shine mataki na karshe na ci gaban kafin tantanin halitta wanda ba shi da rai yayi ya zama mai farin ko jini, ko platelet |
| M3 | Promyelocytic (APL) | 1-6% | Kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo ne har abada, tsakanin myeloblast da mataki na myelocyte. Mafi raƙuman ci gaba, amma farawa ne don dubawa kuma ya yi kama da sautin salula. |
| M4 | Murajikar cutar sankarar myelogonocytic | 16- 33% | Leukemic Kwayoyin sune haɗuwa da granulocytic da kwayoyin monocytic Magungunan cutar sankarar bargo suna kallon kwayoyin jini fiye da mataki na baya, amma har yanzu basu da girma. |
| M5 | Mamiyotic cutar sankarar bargo | 9- 26% | Fiye da kashi 80 cikin 100 na kwayoyin suna monocytes. Zan iya zama wuri daban-daban na balaga. |
| M6 | Hawan cutar sankarar bargo | 1-4% | Kwayoyin leukemic sune kwayoyin halitta ba tare da siffofin kwayoyin jini ba. |
| M7 | Muraya cutar sankarar Megakaryocytic | 0-2% | Kwayoyin leukemic basu da nakasa tare da siffofin plalets. |
Layin Ƙasa
Saboda kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo suna tafiya cikin sauri cikin jiki, hanyoyi na al'ada don maganin ciwon daji ba su yi amfani ba. Maimakon haka, likitoci suna kallon siffofi na jiki da kwayoyin halitta na kasusuwa na kasusuwan kaɗa su don sanya shi a cikin subtype. Wadannan subtypes zasu taimaka wa likitoci su gane ko wane nau'in magani zaiyi aiki mafi kyau a gare ku kuma kuma taimakawa wajen hango sakamakon sakamakon maganin ku.
Sources
Aquino, V. "Ciwon sankarar rigakafi na migalogenous" Matsaloli na yau da kullum a ilimin yara na yara Fabrairu 2002 32: 50-58.
Hillman, R. da Ault, K. (2002) The Muteloid Leukemias. Hematology a Clinical Practice 3rd ed. New York McGraw- Hill.
Vardiman, J., Harris, N., da Brunning, R. "Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) Tsarin Ma'aikata na Myeloid Neoplasms." Blood Oktoba 2002 100: 2292- 2302.