Jirgin jini yana tantance hadarin cutar kwakwalwar MS
Ci gaba mai zurfi mai laushiya (PML) wata cuta ce mai kwakwalwa ta kwakwalwa. Rashin lamarin PML zai iya karuwa a wasu lokuta a cikin mutanen da ke shan Tysabri (natalizumab) , wata magungunan ƙwayar cutar da ake amfani da su don hana sake dawowa a cikin mutane da ƙwararrun sclerosis (MS) .
PML ne ke haifar da cutar John Cunningham (cutar ta JC), kamuwa da kamuwa da kwayar cutar hoto da ke kulawa da shi ta hanyar tsarin rigakafi.
Duk da haka, idan tsarin na rigakafi ya raunana, cutar za ta iya sake haifuwa da kuma haifar da mummunar mummunar rai na kwakwalwa.
Don kaucewa wannan a cikin mutane tare da MS, likitoci zasuyi gwajin gwagwarmaya don bincika shaidar cutar a cikin jinin mutum.
PML da JC Virus
Bincike ya nuna cewa kimanin kashi 70 na yawan jama'ar Amurka suna fama da cutar ta JC. Yawancin mutane ba su san cewa suna da cutar ba, kuma kadan sun kamu da rashin lafiya saboda sakamakon kamuwa da cutar.
Abin sani kawai lokacin da kare lafiyar mutum ya dace da cewa cutar zata iya zama "opportunistic". Wannan yana nufin cewa jiki ba shi da hanyar kare kanta, kuma kwayar cutar tana amfani da damar da zai haifar da cutar.
Mun ga wannan a cikin mutanen da ke da ciwon HIV . Tare da kwayar cutar HIV, cutar ta ci gaba da ƙazantar da tsarin rigakafi kuma tana nuna jikinsa ga tashe-tashen hankulan halayen ƙira (OIs).
PML yana daga cikin IYs kuma an lasafta shi a matsayin yanayin cututtuka na AIDs ga mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV.
Tare da MS, dalilin ya zama daban-daban. A wannan yanayin, ana haifar da immunosuppression ta wasu magunguna da ake amfani dasu ga MS. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da Tysabri, Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate), da corticosteroids.
Da zarar an sake amsawa, kwayar cutar zata iya wucewa ta hanyar yaduwar jini / kwakwalwa wanda ya raba tsarin kulawa mai tsanani daga sauran jikin.
A ƙarshe, ƙananan ƙananan mutanen da suke ɗaukar Tysabri za su ci gaba da PML kuma suna kokarin magance waɗanda ke da abubuwan haɗari masu zuwa:
- Tsohon ko na yau da kullum zuwa wasu kwayoyi masu maganin rigakafi (irin su azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, dimethyl fumarate, methotrexate, mitoxantrone, ko mycophenolate mofetil)
- Amfani da Tysabri na tsawon shekaru biyu
- Gwajin gwajin gwagwarmayar cutar ta JC
Jirgin JC na Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙwayar cuta
Kwayoyin kare lafiyar sunadaran sunadarai da kwayoyin rigakafi suka samar ta hanyar mayar da martani ga cututtukan cututtuka kamar cutar JC. Kowace magungunan yana da mahimmanci game da irin wannan cuta da kuma irin wannan cuta. Da zarar an samar, wannan cutar za ta kasance cikin jiki don amsawa a yayin da maharan suka dawo.
Don tabbatar da kamuwa da cuta, zamu yi wani gwaji mai sauƙi wanda aka tsara don gano wasu ƙwayoyin cuta. Sakamakon gwaji zai iya gaya mana daya daga abubuwa biyu:
- Kyakkyawan sakamako yana nufin mutum ya kamu da cutar.
- Sakamakon abin da ya faru ya nuna cewa babu wani shaida na ɗaukar hotuna.
Kalubale a nan, ba shakka, shine yawancin mutane sun kamu da cutar ta JC.
Saboda haka, yayin da sakamako mai kyau zai iya bada shawara cewa ƙaramin lamarin PML, ba ƙyama ba ne ga magani. Maimakon haka, yana ba da damar likita ya dubi wannan da sauran abubuwan haɗari don yanke shawara ko Tysabri ya dace ko kuma idan wasu zaɓuɓɓukan zaɓuɓɓuka zasu kasance.
Bugu da ƙari, gwajin gwagwarmaya ba cikakke ba ne, kuma akwai sauƙi na uku da zai iya haifar da sakamako mara kyau. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa aka gwada gwajin antibody kafin fara Tysabri kuma ya maimaita watanni shida daga baya don duba duk wani aikin hoto.
Kalma Daga
Yayinda gwajin gwagwarmaya ta JC ya taimaka wajen tantance wanda zai iya zama mafi girma daga hadarin PML mai girma yayin amfani da Tysabri, bai kamata ya lalata muhimmancin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba don hana rigakafin MS.
A ƙarshe, yanke shawara ko yin amfani da Tysabri ko ba shine mutum ɗaya ba kuma ya kamata a yi ta da shawara tare da likita. Idan an umarci magani, biyan kuɗi na yau da kullum yana da mahimmanci don ba wai kawai saka idanu akan tasirin magani amma kauce wa duk wani tasiri mai tasiri ba.
> Sources
> Gorelik, L ;; Lerner, M .; Bixler, S. et al. "Anti-JC cutar kwayoyin cuta: abubuwan da PML hadarin stratification." Annals of Neurology. 2010; 68 (3): 295-303.
> Schwab, N .; Schneider-Hohendorf, T; Pignolet, B. et al. "Hanyar da natalizumab ke hade da haɗin JC mai girma da kuma tada halayen halayen JCV." Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation. 2016; 3 (1): e195.