An Bayani game da Ciwon Cutar Tsutsa
Kodayake yawancin mutane suna fama da cutar kanjamau tare da shan taba, akwai wasu dalilai. Akwai mutanen da suka taba yin amfani da taba kyauta, kuma basu ci gaba da cutar ciwon huhu ba. Hakazalika, akwai mutane da yawa marasa shan taba wadanda suke ci gaba da cutar. A gaskiya ma, ciwon daji na huhu a cikin wadanda ba su taba shan taba ba shine asali na shida da ke haifar da ciwon daji a Amurka.
Ba mu da tabbaci game da ainihin mawuyacin cutar ciwon huhu, amma an gano abubuwa masu yawa.
Wasu daga cikin waɗannan zaku iya sane sosai, amma wasu ba su da sanannu. Kwayar huhu ne cuta mai ci gaba, yana nufin cewa akwai wasu dalilai masu yawa wadanda suke aiki tare don kara ko rage haɗari. Mun sani cewa wasu shafuka ba su da ƙari ba wajen magance hadarin. Alal misali, ƙwaƙwalwa ga asbestos da shan taba yana kawo hadarin cutar ciwon huhu da yawa fiye da idan an kara haɗari guda biyu.
A lokaci guda, akwai wasu ayyuka-irin su yin amfani da cin abinci mara lafiya - wanda zai iya rage yawan hadarin ku.
Ta Yaya Hanyoyin Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Ta Yaya Zama Ciwon Kankara?
Fahimtar yadda zazzabi a cikin yanayin mu ko salon rayuwa na iya tayar da ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu a cikin mahaifa zai iya taimaka wajen kimanta yiwuwar haddasawa. Wasu shafuka na iya ƙara haɗari ta hanyar DNA ta haɗari a cikin sel. Wadannan abubuwa masu ciwon daji suna kiransa carcinogens . Sauran shafuka na iya haifar da kumburi na kullum. Ƙara yawan ƙungiyar cell don maye gurbin da gyara lalacewar lalacewa wanda ya faru a sakamakon hakan yana ƙara haɗari cewa maye gurbin-DNA-zai iya faruwa.
Wannan jari ne na maye gurbin DNA a cikin kwayoyin cutar kanjamau wanda ke haifar da kwayar halitta ta zama kwayar cutar ciwon daji .
Game da Ciwon Cutar
Zai iya zama abin firgita don yin magana game da maganin ciwon daji, da kuma wani sarcastic lokacin da ake magana da shi, "Shin, ba duk abin da ya haifar da ciwon daji?" An yi aiki sosai. A gaskiya, duk da haka, ba sauki sauya kwayar halitta ta zama kwayar cutar ciwon daji ba. Yawancin lokaci wannan canji ba ya faruwa har sai jerin maye gurbin (ko dai an gaji ko daga yanayin) ya lalata DNA na tantanin halitta har ya kasa amsawa ga umarnin al'ada yana gaya masa ya daina rarrabawa.
Har ila yau, muna da kwayoyin jikinsu a cikin jikinmu cewa sunadarai sunadaran da aka tsara don gyara kwayoyin cututtuka ko cire su kafin su sami zarafi su zama kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji. Komawa a cikin wadannan kwayoyin, wanda aka sani da kwayoyin karewa ta tumo, suna bayan wasu kwayoyin predispositions zuwa ciwon daji.
Dalili da Dalili Mai yiwuwa na Ciwon Cutar Tsutsa
Akwai wasu cututtuka na ciwon huhu na huhu wanda muke da tabbacin game da su, da sauransu inda shaidun suke da shi.
Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin sanannun sanadin, sanadin mawuyacin hali, da kuma yiwuwar haddasa ciwon huhu na huhu, da kuma yadda ake nazarin abubuwa don tantance muhimmancin su wajen cutar da ciwon huhu.
Shan taba
Shan taba shi ne lamarin da ya haifar da ciwon huhu na huhu , yana da alhakin kimanin kashi 80 cikin 100 na ciwon huhu a cikin Amurka. Rashin haɗarin mutumin da yake ƙyatar ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu shine sau 13 zuwa 23 sau da yawa fiye da wanda ba shi da mahaukaci. Kuma ba kamar lalacewar cututtukan zuciya ba, wanda ya sauke da cikawa lokacin da mutum ya fara yin al'ada, hadarin ciwon daji na ciwon huhu zai iya ci gaba da shekaru ko ma shekarun da suka wuce. A gaskiya ma, yawancin mutanen da ke fama da cutar kanjamau a yau ba sa shan taba amma masu shan taba.
Shan taba yana nuna babbar rawa a cikin ciwon daji na huhu ga maza fiye da mata. A {asar Amirka, kashi 20 cikin dari na matan da ke ciwon ciwon huhu a cikin mahaifa ba su taba shan taba ba; a duniya, kashi 50 cikin 100 na matan da suka ci gaba da cutar sun yi kyauta.
Bugu da ƙari ga taba shan taba, taba shan taba yana da dalilin hadarin cutar ciwon huhu.
Akwai muhawara game da shan taba da ke dauke da cutar kanjamau , tare da wasu nazarin da ke nuna akasin haka, amma akwai shaida mai kyau cewa kwanan nan shahararrun shagon shan taba yana kawo hadari.
Akwai wasu cututtuka masu shan taba masu shan taba da suka hada da ciwon daji na huhu, da kuma wadanda suka riga sun sami ciwon daji, daina shan taba taba inganta rayuwa .
Radon Exposure
Bayyanawa ga radon gas a cikin gida shine abu na biyu na cutar ciwon huhu da kuma mafi yawan dalilin cutar kanjamau a cikin masu shan taba. Radon shine gas marar lahani, marar inganci da aka saki daga lalacewar uranium a cikin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin gidajen mu. Wannan gas zai iya shiga gidaje ta hanyar fashi a kafuwar da ganuwar, a kusa da tsalle-tsalle, bututu, da kuma ruwa, kuma ya tara a cikin iska da ke kewaya a gidajenmu.
Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kiyasta cewa kashi 15 cikin 100 na cutar warkaswa a duniya yana da tasirin radon. Maganar cutar kanjamau wadda ke dauke da radon tana da alhakin mutuwar mutane 27,000 a kowace shekara a Amurka.
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Me ya sa yasa shan shan taba ba zai kawar da ƙwayar cutar shan kwari ba
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Mene ne yawan ƙwayar shan taba ke samun cutar kwari?
Don fahimtar muhimmancin wannan lambar, kwatanta wadannan mutuwar zuwa kimanin 40,000 ciwon daji na mutuwa a kowace shekara.
Hanyar hanyar da za ta san idan gidanka yana da matakin radon mai girma shine yin gwajin radon . Ana samun samfurori na samfurori marasa tsada a mafi yawan shaguna ko kayan intanet. Idan matakan da aka ɗaga, haɓakar radon da wasu kwararrun masu sana'a ke aikatawa zasu iya magance matsala ko da yaushe magance matsalar.
Ko da yake yana da wata mahimmanci fiye da gidajen da aka gina a kan granite, adadin radon daga ɗakin kwalliya zai iya kasancewa mai hadari ga ciwon huhu.
Kuskuren na biyu
Hayaki na biyu yana haifar da ciwon huhu ne kuma yana da alhakin cutar daji fiye da 7,000 a kowace shekara a Amurka. Rayuwa tare da mutumin da ke ƙyatarwa yana haifar da haɗarin ciwon daji na huhu da kashi 20 zuwa 30 cikin 100. Kuma kamar yadda shan taba ya taba, hayaki na biyu yana ƙara yawan cutar cututtukan zuciya da sauran cututtuka.
Bayanan sana'a
Ayyukan kan-da-aikin ga sunadarin sunadarai da abubuwa sune babbar hanyar cutar kanjamau. An kiyasta cewa, a Amurka, tsakanin kashi 13 da kashi 29 cikin 100 na ciwon huhu a cikin maza suna da labarun sana'a a matsayin abin da ke gudana (lamarin ya canza zuwa kashi 5 cikin 100 na mata.)
Wasu sunadaran masana'antu da ke hade da ciwon huhu na huhu sun hada da:
- Asbestos
- Arsenic
- Chromium mahadi
- Nickel mahadi
- PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)
- Vinyl chloride
- Wood ƙura
Wasu ayyukan da ke hade da haɗarin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta sun haɗa da:
- Kwanan motoci
- Sandblasting
- Tsara aiki
- Fitarwa
- Yin yumbura
- Uranium ma'adinai
- Ginin masana'antu
Tabbatar bincika Takaddun Bayanin Data Data wanda ake buƙatar masu aiki don samarwa akan duk wani sinadaran da za a iya nuna maka a aiki.
Rashin iska na iska
Ko da yake an san cewa cutar iska ta zama sanadiyar lafiyar jiki, kwanan nan ne kawai aikinsa na haifar da ciwon huhu na huhu ya zo haske. Wannan hadarin ya bambanta da yawa a duniya amma ana tsammanin zai zama dalilin haifar da cutar kanjamau a kashi 5 cikin 100 na maza da kashi 3 na mata a Amurka.
Wood Smoke da Cooking Smoke
Ko da yake mafi yawan matsala a kasashe masu tasowa, shan taba daga ƙoshin itace da kuma cin abinci na cikin gida tare da rashin talauci marasa lafiya suna da mahimmancin haddasa ciwon daji a duniya.
Hadaddiya / Halitta
Da ciwon digiri na farko (mahaifi, uba, dan uwan, ko yaro) tare da ciwon huhu na mahaifa yana kara haɗarin ciwon ciwon huhu na huhu, yayin da ciwon digiri na biyu dangane da ciwon huhu na huhu (mahaifi, kawun, dan uwan, ko yarinya) ya tashe ka hadarin ta kusa da kashi 30.
Tare da fahimtar fahimtar kwayoyin halittu, an gano wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ke da alhakin wannan hadarin. Misali na wannan shine gwargwadon ƙwayar tumatir da ake kira BRCA2. Wannan jinsin ya zama mafi girma a matsayin daya daga cikin "kwayar cutar ciwon daji" ta Angelina Jolie, amma abin da aka ji an fada a fili shi ne cewa maye gurbin BRCA2 maye gurbi na iya kara yawan ƙwayar cutar kanjamau , musamman ma mata masu shan taba.
Yawanci, kashi 1.7 na kwayar cutar ciwon huhu na cikin huhu suna dauke da "asiri." Kwayoyin halitta zasu iya kasancewa a wasan lokacin da ciwon huhu na tasowa a cikin wadanda basu taba shan taba ba, mata, da mutane a cikin shekaru 60.
Lulke cututtuka
Mutane da ke fama da cututtuka na huhu sun bayyana cewa suna da haɗari ga ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu. Mutanen da ke fama da cututtuka na huhu (COPD), irin su emphysema, sun kara yawan ciwon daji na huhu. COPD wani "nau'in haɗari mai zaman kanta" don ciwon huhu na huhu, yana nufin cewa samun wannan cutar yana haifar da ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu da kuma cewa wannan hadarin yana da kanta daga shan taba. Tarin fuka yana nuna cewa tarin cutar ciwon huhu ne kuma zai iya haifar da jinkirin ganewar asali. Da ciwon fibrosis na huhu, kamar su fibrosis na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar cuta , yana ƙaruwa sosai akan cutar ciwon huhu. Akwai kuma wasu shaidu da cewa ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta za ta iya haifar da hadarin ciwon daji , musamman a cikin masu shan taba
Sauran Harkokin Kiwon lafiya
Tsarinmu na rigakafi yana taka rawa wajen yaki da ciwon daji. Harkokin kiwon lafiya da ke lalata tsarin rigakafi, irin su HIV / AIDs, yana kara kara yawan ciwon daji na huhu, kamar yadda cututtuka na kamuwa da jini kamar kamun jini. Bugu da ƙari, rigakafin maye gurbin gadon jiki ya haifar da hadarin.
Mutane masu fama da ciwon daji daban-daban sun fi dacewa wajen inganta ciwon daji na huhu. Wasu daga cikin wannan na iya dangantaka da maganin ciwon daji (cututtukan chemotherapy da radiation na iya haifar da ciwon cututtuka na biyu ) ko kuma saboda canjin yanayi wanda ya sa mutane su ci gaba da ciwon daji.
Cutar
Ba zamu yi la'akari da cututtuka a matsayin dalilin ciwon daji ba, amma kashi goma na cututtuka a Amurka kuma kashi 25 cikin dari a duniya yana da alaka da cututtuka. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan sun sami wata ƙungiya tsakanin kamuwa da papillomavirus (HPV) da kuma ciwon huhu na huhu , ko da yake ba'a sani ba idan wannan yana nufin akwai dangantaka kawai ko kuma idan, maimakon haka, HPV shine ainihin dalilin.
Bayanin Radiation
Dukkanin radiation a cikin yanayi da radiation na likita sun danganta da cutar kanjamau. Magungunan kiwon lafiya da aka yi amfani da su kamar maganin ciwon daji-misali, don magance cutar Hodgkin ko bayan massage ga ciwon nono - zai iya kawo hadarin, musamman ma wadanda suka karbi wadannan jiyya a lokacin ƙuruciyarsu.
Abinci da Abincin Abinci
Abincin abincin da ake sarrafawa (warkewa) da naman ja na iya kara haɗarin cutar kanjamau, yayin da cin abinci mai arziki a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari an hade shi da ƙananan haɗari. Yin amfani da giya zai iya haɗi da haɗari. Mun ji mai yawa game da amfani da kayan abinci, amma amfani da waɗannan don rage ciwon ciwon daji yana bukatar ya zo da kalma na taka tsantsan. Bayan sanin cewa rage cin abinci a cikin beta-carotene (wani tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire) yana haɗuwa da ƙananan ciwon huhu na huhu, masu binciken sunyi nazarin illa ga karin beta-carotene akan yawan mutane. Ya bambanta da beta-carotene abincin abincin, karin beta-carotene an danganta shi da haɗarin haɗarin cutar.
Differences tsakanin mata da Estrogen
Mun san cewa wasu kwayoyin cutar kanjamau suna da masu karɓar isrogene kuma wannan ƙwayar cutar ta huhu zai iya bambanta da tarihin haihuwa da kuma maye gurbin hormone. Har ila yau, mun san cewa cutar ciwon huhu a cikin mata ta bambanta da cutar kanjamau a cikin maza. Wannan ya ce, kawai muna fara koyon abin da, idan wani ya faru, yasa ciwon yarin yarin da ke dauke da cutar kanjamau .
Yin nazarin Ciwon Kwayar Wuta
Mafi yawan matsalolin da za a iya gane yiwuwar cutar ciwon huhu a cikin ƙananan ƙwayar cutar.
Ɗaya daga cikin matsala ita ce lokacin lalacewar ciwon daji . Yawancin lokuta-irin su shan taba-ba sa haifar da ciwon daji nan da nan. Yau dacin lokacin ciwon daji yana ƙayyade matsayin adadin lokacin da ke nunawa ga abin da ke haifar da ciwon daji (carcinogen) da kuma lokacin da aka gano ciwon daji. Idan taba taba taba taba ƙirƙirar shekaru 10 da suka wuce, zamu iya gane cewa zai iya zama dalilin cutar ciwon huhu.
Wani matsala a kimantawa yana haddasa ƙirar binciken. Don ƙayyade mafi yawan gaske idan abu ya haifar da ciwon daji, muna buƙatar tsara nazarin da yake lura da wani abu a kan lokaci da kuma sarrafawa don wasu dalilai wanda zai iya zama a wasa. Wadannan ana kiran su nazarin karatu. Yawancin abin da muka sani game da ciwon daji ke haifarwa, duk da haka, ya zo ne daga nazarin bincike. Wadannan nazarin suna duban mutanen da ke da ciwon daji kuma suna dawowa a lokaci don ƙoƙari su fahimci dalilai. Yawancin shirye-shirye masu yiwuwa suna ci gaba, amma bayanai daga dama daga cikinsu bazai samuwa ba har tsawon shekarun da suka gabata.
Ta yaya yaduwa da yada labarai na iya zama mahimmanci a ko ko a'a ba mu koyi shi ne lamarin ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu ba. Ana nunawa irin su shan taba, wanda yake kowa a duniya, ya fi sauƙin nazarin abin da ke nunawa a cikin ƙananan yawan yawan jama'a.
Abinda ya kamata ya fi dacewa ya ambata shi ne daidaitawa tare da lalacewa . Dalili kawai saboda abubuwa biyu suna haɗuwa ba yana nufin cewa ɗayan yana haifar da ɗayan ba. Wani misalin da ake amfani da ita shine saurin ruwa a lokacin rani-lokaci guda daya yayin da mutane da yawa suka ci ice cream. Wannan ba yana nufin cewa cin ice cream yana haifar da nutsewa. Hanya tsakanin HPV da ciwon huhu na huhu da aka ambata a sama shine daya wanda ba mu sani ba idan akwai haɗari, ko da yake akwai wasu lokuta dangantaka.
Rage Ciwon Kwayar Ciwon Cutar Tsutsa
Abin da ya faru da sauri ya zama bayyananne lokacin da ake koyo game da ciwon huhu na huhu shi ne cewa ba mu fahimci duk abubuwan da ke hadarin ba. Wannan ya fi mahimmanci yayin da muka gane cewa ciwon huhu na mahaifa yana karuwa a cikin ƙungiya ɗaya na mutane: matasa, ba tare da shan taba ba.
Har sai mun san ƙarin bayani, wasu ƙananan ayyuka na iya rage ƙaddamar da ku ga masu cin gashin kansa:
- Karanta labels a kan kayayyakin da kake amfani dashi, ko a gida ko a aiki.
- Yi amfani da safofin hannu lokacin da kake rike wani abu da ba za ka saka a bakinka ba; dukkanin ra'ayin da ke tattare da wasu magungunan magungunan "magunguna" shine cewa fatar jikinmu zai iya shafan sinadarai masu yawa.
- Tabbatar kunye mask lokacin da aka kira shi, kuma don amfani da iska mai kyau idan aiki tare da sinadarai irin su kayan shafa da kayan tsaftacewa.
Ƙari Daga:
Sources:
Kocurek, E., da kuma A. Hemnes. Harkokin Kiwon Lafiya da Lafiya da Mata. Abubuwan Harkokin Kwayoyi da Gynecology na Arewacin Amirka . 2016 43 (2): 307-23.
Mao, Y., Yang, D., He, J., da M. Krasna. Etiology na cutar huhu. Magunguna na Arewacin Amirka . 2016 25 (3): 439-45.
Pass, J., Carbone, D., Johnson, D. et al. Ka'idoji da Kwarewar Ciwon Kankara . 4th Edition. Williams da Wilkins: 2010.
Yoon, J., Lee, J., Joo, S., da kuma D. Kang. Rigar da ke ciki da Ciwon kwari na ciki: A Review of Studies Ecological. Annals na sana'a da kuma muhalli Medicine . 2016. 28:15.