Rikicin Ciwon Daji na Abun Abin sha da Sauran Kulawa na Lafiya

by Lynne Eldridge, MD; Binciken by Grant Hughes, MD

Kina, ko shan taba mai shan ruwa, wani abincin Indiya ne na yau da kullum wanda ya kama shi a matsayin wata hanyar zamantakewa a Amurka.

Yayinda manyan yara biyu a makarantar sakandare 6 suka yi kokari wajen yin amfani da wuta, har zuwa kashi 40 cikin dari na daliban kolejin sun sami wannan sabon yanayin; wani sha'ani da ke kallon sha'idodin sha'anin sha'ani da ke kusa da kolejoji da jami'o'i a bakin teku.

Haɗuwa da bincike game da shan sigari kuma gaskiyar cewa an yi amfani da alamar wariyar launin fata akan cutar shan taba ta duniya shine tambaya: "Shin taba shan taba yana iya cutar da ciwon daji?"

Menene Kudi?

Kayan zuma shi ne cakuda taba, sau da yawa 'ya'yan' ya'yan itace, wanda aka shafe ta ta hanyar isasshen ruwa. Ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa yana da kai a kai da kuma kwano mai ruwa a ƙasa, wanda aka haɗa ta jiki. Ana amfani da gawayi don wanke taba, wanda ya wuce ta cikin ruwa kafin ya shiga bakin bakin ciki don a kwashe shi.

Akwai kalmomi masu yawa don shafe-shafe ko ƙananan shan taba ciki har da:

Shisha
Goza
Narghileh / nargile
Hubble kumfa / dariya bubbly

Dalilin da ya sa Abun shan taba yana damuwa

Kamar yadda ƙwallon ƙafa ya zama sananne a Amurka (da Birtaniya, Faransa, da kuma Gabas ta Tsakiya,) fahimtar yiwuwar haɗari sun ragu. Daga cikin matasan, binciken ya gano cewa kashi 60 cikin 100 ba la'akari da ƙyatarwa da taba shan taba don samun haɗarin haɗari da taba taba, wasu kuma ba ma la'akari da shi "shan taba." Don me menene binciken yake gaya mana?

Toxins da Carcinogens

Bisa ga CDC, ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa ta zama mai guba kamar hayaki sigari.

Ruwa a cikin bututun ba ya daina fitar da gubobi a taba. Kamar yadda akwai mai guba mai guba da ƙwayoyin cuta na cigaba da cigaba a taba hayaki, akwai abubuwa masu haɗari a cikin ƙona hayaki.

Binciken da ke duba binciken da aka gudanar a tsakanin 1991 da 2014 ya gano cewa ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa tana dauke da sanadiyar cutar da aka sani da ake kira carcinogens.

Wasu daga cikinsu sun hada da arsenic, cobalt, chromium, da kuma gubar.

Abin da ba a sani ba shi ne, yawan ciwon toxins a cikin ƙananan hayaƙi da hayaki na cigare na iya bambanta; wasu carcinogens faruwa a mafi girma da yawa da sauran a ƙananan yawa a cikin ƙananan hayaƙi. Misalan sun hada da carbon monoxide (wanda yake samuwa a cikin matakan da ya fi girma a cikin ƙuƙwalwar hayaki kamar hayaki na cigare kuma zai iya taimakawa wajen cututtukan zuciya) da kuma benzene da nauyin kwayoyin polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) wanda ƙananan matakan ya fi karfin hayaƙi kamar taba shan taba. Sabanin haka, ƙwayoyin nitrosamines da ƙananan kwayoyin cutar PAH suna iya zama mafi girma a cikin hayaki na cigaba maimakon ƙin hayaki.

Dalilan Kuzari Za Su Yi Ƙari fiye da Cigarettes

Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan cewa ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa na iya zama mai guba fiye da hayaki taba shine kawai yawan hayaki da aka boye. A cikin "lokutan" shan taba na shan taba (kimanin awa daya), an kwantar da rassan 200 a ciki, tare da kambi 20 wadanda ake shan su a taba shan siga guda. Wannan yana fassarawa a cikin wani fanni na jiki wanda ya haifar da inhalation na hayaki 90,000 na hayaki, tare da fam miliyan 500 zuwa 600 na hayaki wanda aka haƙa tare da taba.

Kashe ma yana da tushen toxin da ba'a samu a taba shan siga.

Aikin da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙona taba a cikin gashin murya yana cire carbon monoxide da sauran sinadarai, kuma a gaskiya ma, matakan carbon monoxide a cikin mutanen da ke da alakar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa suna da muhimmanci fiye da waɗanda ke fama da taba hayaki.

Mutane suna da ƙyatar ƙin ƙananan hayaƙi a cikin huhu fiye da shan taba. A wannan lokaci, ba mu san idan wannan binciken yana da muhimmanci ba, amma zai iya taimakawa wajen duba canje-canje a cikin ciwon huhu a cikin mahaifa bayan an ƙara maimaita masu siga. Kafin shan taba yana da filtaniya, ba a hayar da hayaƙin a matsayin mai zurfi kuma zai iya haifar da irin cutar sankarar mahaifa da aka sani da ƙwayar ƙwayar kwayar fata .

Irin wannan ciwon daji na huhu yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin manyan hanyoyi na hanyoyi na shiga cikin huhu (bronchi) kuma saboda wannan wuri, yana tsammanin an gano shi a farkon lokacin cutar. Tare da ƙari na filters zuwa taba sigari, adenocarcinoma ya zama yafi kowa. Wannan irin ciwon huhu na huhu yana faruwa ne a cikin jiki na huhu, kuma saboda wannan wuri, ana samuwa a cikin matakan baya na cutar.

Wannan hasashe ne, amma basira shine mun san carcinogens a cikin hayaki taba suna kuma kasancewa a cikin ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa, amma yadda muka ga lalacewar da aka saukar a cikin lalacewa ko ciwon daji-na iya bambanta da abin da muke gani yanzu tare da shan taba.

Bambanci na karshe tsakanin taba sigari da kuma ƙuƙwalwa yana da tasiri ga cututtuka. Ganin cewa ana shan taba sigari ne kawai ta mutum, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwararrakin yawancin mutane sukan raba su, yayin da suke "wucewa" a cikin ɗaki a ɗakin sha'ani ko aikin gida. Kwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin da ke gabatarwa a bakin bakunan ƙananan smokers na iya "rabawa," ciki har da microbes kamar kwayar cutar ta maganin.

A matsayin bayanin kula na karshe, kada a yaudare ku da talla wanda ya ce bango bai ƙunshi tar ba. Hanyar ƙonawa (tare da taba sigari) ko dumama (tare da kayan wuta) wanda ke haifar da tar. A gaskiya ma, shan taba shan taba yana iya haifar da mafi girma a cikin tasirin lokacin da aka kyafa shi don tsawon lokaci kuma yana buƙatar filasta.

Hadarin Ciwon daji

Masu smokers mai ƙanshi na iya zama haɗari ga irin wannan ciwon da cutar ta taba shan taba , saboda yaduwa ga wadanda suka kamu da sinadaran, da kuma sauran cututtuka da suka hada da konewar gawayi da alamar inhalation.

Akwai shaidu mai kyau cewa shan taba shan taba yana iya ƙara haɗarin:

Ciwon huhu na huhu - Yawancin irin kwayoyin cutar guda daya da ke haifar da cutar shan taba suna samuwa a cikin ƙananan hayaƙi.
Ciwon daji na asibiti - Yawancin bincike sun gano cewa shan taba shan taba yana zama mai haɗari ga ciwon daji na asibiti yayin da shan taba cigaba a cikin cigaba na cigaba wanda ya riga ya sawa ciwon daji na asibiti ya kasance a cikin ƙananan hayaƙi.
Magungunan jijiyar - Taba yana wulakanta kyallen takalma a bakin da wuya, kuma kamar yadda aka gani tare da mutanen da suke shan taba, suna haifar da kumburi wanda zai haifar da ciwon daji.
Ciwon ciwon daji (Gastric cancer) - Binciken da aka yi a baya ya nuna ƙungiya tsakanin shan taba shan taba da ciwon ciki, da kuma binciken da ya dace a ciki na masu amfani da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwa.
Ciwon daji na ciwon magungunan ciwon daji - Nazarin ilimin halittu wanda ya hada da shan taba shan taba da ciwon magunguna. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane tun a Amurka an ji cewa kashi 50 cikin 100 na magunguna a cikin maza yana haifar da shan taba cigaba.
Ciwon daji na Pancreatic - Nazarin sun lura cewa masu amfani da ƙuƙwalwa sun kara haɗari na ciwon ciwon ƙwayar cuta. Mun kuma san cewa shan taba shan taba yana kara yawan cutar cututtukan cututtuka (cututtukan cututtuka) da kuma cewa cututtukan cututtuka yanzu an san su zama babban haɗari ga ciwon daji na pancreatic.
Mai yiwuwa cutar sankarar bargo - Benzene, sanannun carcinogen da ke taimakawa wajen cutar kanjamau musamman myelogenous cutar sankarar bargo (AML) , ya kasance a cikin ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa. Masu bincike sun kimanta busa-cine masu ƙyallewa 105 da 103 ƙananan masu shan taba wadanda ba su taba shan taba ba wadanda aka fallasa su da ƙananan ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayoyin benzene kafin su kuma bayan shagunan. Masu smokers masu cin wuta suna da sauƙi sau 4.2 sau da yawa bayan shan taba a cikin shagon zane da kuma sau 1,9 mafi girma bayan bayanan gida. Har ila yau, matakan ya karu da sau 2,6 a fallasa wadanda ba masu shan taba ba.

Har yanzu yana da wuri don sanin ainihin hadarin ciwon daji da ke haɗe da taba shan taba, amma yana da kyau a yi amfani da abin da muka sani game da taba da ciwon daji ta hanyar magana da matasanmu. Ba mu san lokacin lalata don shawanin zafi da ci gaba da ciwon daji (lokaci na ɓoye shine lokacin da ke tsakanin tsinkaya ga abin da ke haifar da ciwon daji da kuma ci gaba da ciwon daji,) amma mun sani cewa lokaci marar lahani tsakanin hayaki taba bayyanar da ciwon daji zai iya zama shekaru da yawa. Hakanan zai iya zama ƙananan hayaƙi, saboda mafi girma ko žananan matakan wasu carcinogens fiye da hayaki sigari, zai taimakawa ga nau'in iri-iri ko ciwon daji wanda ba a taba ganin shan taba ba.

Abun Haɗari na Wuta Mai Sauƙi

An yi bincike kadan zuwa yau ganin yadda ake amfani da hayaƙin ƙanshi na ƙonawa akan wadanda ba'a taba shan taba ba. Shawan hayaki na muhalli (ETS) ko hayaki na biyu yana nufin haɗuwa da hayaƙi, hayakiyar hayaki , da kuma hayaƙin da masu shan taba suka kwashe.

Tunda yawancin toxins da carcinogens da suke cikin hayaki na cigaba suna kasancewa a cikin ƙananan haya, kyakkyawar mahimmanci shi ne ya dubi sakamakon shan taba taba a kan tsofaffi da yara. Duk da haka, akwai wasu bambance-bambance. Ƙirƙarar hayaƙi na ƙyallen wuta zai iya bambanta da wanda aka shayar da shan taba daga taba sigari, tare da yawancin abin da ake nunawa ya kasance da hayaki da mai shan taba ya kwashe. Ko wannan yana da kyau ko mara kyau wani tambaya ne.

Binciken akan matakan benzene urinarya a cikin wadanda ba smokers wanda aka nuna akan ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa shine game da (duba a karkashin cutar sankarar bargo a sama). Har ila yau, game da cewa cutar ta jiki ta NNK (4- [methylnitrosamino] -1- [3-pyridyl] -1-butanone) yana samuwa a cikin ɗakunan ɗakin ɗakin kwana na yara da ake nunawa a cikin mako guda ko shan taba shan taba.

Sauran Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Da Suka shafi Wuta Shan

Kamar yadda shan taba taba taba, akwai wasu yanayi na kiwon lafiya wanda ya shafi taba shan taba wanda ya wuce ciwon daji. Wasu daga cikinsu sun hada da cututtukan zuciya, da ba a haifa ba, emphysema, da rashin haihuwa. Har sai mun san ƙarin bayani, zai iya taimaka mana muyi la'akari da abin da muka sani game da shan taba cigaba kafin ya zama sananne, dangane da abin da muka sani a yau.

_Sources:

_{Al Ali, R. et al.} _{Binciken da aka kwatanta da kamuwa da kwayar cutar shan taba a cikin masu shan taba, masu shan taba da masu shan taba.} _{Tsarin Taba .} _{2015. 24 (2): 125-7.}

_{Chaouachi, K. Hookah (Shisha, Narghile) Shan taba da Smoke Smoked Environmental (ETS).} _{Binciken da ya dace game da wallafe-wallafe da kuma lafiyar jama'a.} _{Wallafe-wallafe na kasa da kasa na bincike da muhalli da lafiyar jama'a .} _{2009. 6 (2): 798-843.}

_{Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka.} _Kub. _{Updated 11/24/14.}

_{El-Zaatari, Z., Chami, H., da G. Zaatari.} _{Harkokin lafiyar da ke hade da ruwan shan taba.} _{Tsarin Taba .} _{Afub 2015 Feb 6.}

_{Yakubu, P. et al.} _{Haɗuwa da ƙwayar nicotine da carcinogen tare da bututu na ruwa da taba shan sigari.} _{Magungunan Ciwon Halitta da Ciwon Halitta da Ciwon Buka .} _{2013. 22 (5): 765-72.}

_{Kassem, N. et al.} _{Benzene Yalwa a cikin Abun Abin sha da masu shan taba ba tare da masu shan taba ba.} _{Magungunan Ciwon Halitta da Ciwon Halitta da Ciwon Buka .} _{An wallafa shi a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2014.}

_{Kassem, N. et al.} _{Yara wa yara da kayan shan taba da kuma masu maye gurbi a cikin gidajen ƙyallen wuta.} _{Nicotine & Tura Research .} _{2014. 16 (7): 961-75.}

_{Koul, P. et al.} _{Wutar shan taba da ciwon huhu a cikin kudancin Kashmir na ƙasashen Indiya.} _{Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Rigakafin .} _{2011. 12 (2): 519-24.}

_{Mao, W., Zheng, W., da Z. Ling.} _{Abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar cututtuka don ciwon ciwon daji na yaduwar cutar.} _{Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Rigakafin .} _{2011. 12 (10): 2461-6.}

_{Maziak, W. Rashin ruwa: wani ci gaban duniya na ciwon daji.} _{Ciwon daji na cututtuka .} _{2013. 37 (1): 1-4.}

_{Sadjadi, A. et al.} _{Ayyukan gyaran fuska da opium a cikin kwayar cututtukan kwayoyin halitta: ƙwararrakin bincike game da matsalolin haɗari da kuma ɓangaren samfurori.} _{Jaridar Duniya na Ciwon Cutar .} _{2014. 134 (1): 181-8.}

_{Shilhadeh, A., Schubert, J., Klaiany, J., El Sabban, M., Luch, A., da N. Saliba.} _{Abin ciki mai ƙananan, kayan jiki da kuma aikin nazarin halittu na hayaki na taba shan taba da kuma masu kyawun taba.} _{Tsarin Taba .} _{Epub 2015 Feb 9.}

_{St. Helen, G., Benowitz, N., Dains, K., Havel, C., Peng, M., da kuma P. Yakubu.} _{Nisan Nicotine da kuma wutsiya bayan fitan ruwa na shan taba a ƙananan shaguna.} _{Magungunan Ciwon Halitta da Ciwon Halitta da Ciwon Buka .} _{2014. 23 (6): 1055-66.}