An Bayyana Harkokin Ciwon Cutar Kyau
Akwai wasu maganin kulawa da yawa ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon huhu, amma wannan bai zama gaskiya ba. Magunguna da kansu-da kuma rayukan rayuwa da suka danganta da su-sun inganta sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Duk da yake wannan labarin ne mai ban mamaki, bazai da zaɓar ko wane zabi zai fi kyau a gare ku ba ko kaɗan.
Samun ƙarin sani game da maganin ciwon daji na huhu da suke samuwa, da kuma samun goyon bayan da kake buƙatar, zai iya tafiya mai tsawo a taimaka maka yin wannan shawarar mai muhimmanci.
Yaya Kwayoyin Cutar Cure Ciwon Kwayar Wuta?
Ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar kanjamau, aikin tiyata zai iya ba da damar yin magani. Ko da kun samu ciwon huhu na ciwon huhu, akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓukan don magani. Nasarar da ta gabata da ta ba da damar likitoci don magance cutar kanjamau, da kuma fahimtar yadda tsarin mu na rigakafi yayi aiki don yaki da ciwon daji, ya kara inganta hanyoyin da muke yi don magance wannan cuta.
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Yana da mahimmanci a bayyana a daidai lokacin da yaduwar ciwon huhu ya fi sauƙi a magance su a farkon matakan, akwai masu wanzuwa har tsawon lokaci. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa maganin ciwon daji na huhu ba zai wuce rayuwa ba kadai. Maganin ciwon daji na huhu zai iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a rage yawan bayyanar cututtuka na ciwon daji da kuma sa ya yiwu ga mafi yawan mutane su sami kyakkyawar rayuwa a duk lokacin da ake jiyya.
Hanyoyi don Ciwon Cutar Kwayar Wuta
Tun da akwai maganin da dama don ciwon huhu na huhu, zai iya taimakawa wajen karya wadannan hanyoyin magance matsalolin biyu:
- Jiyya na gida: Gidajen gida suna bi da ciwon daji a asalinta - a wasu kalmomi, a gida. Wadannan sun hada da aikin tiyata da radiation, jiyya da ke cire tumɓir amma basu iya isa ga kwayoyin da suka wuce bayan asalin shafin yanar gizo ba.
- Jiyya na Jiki: Yin jiyya na jiki ya kashe ciwon daji a duk inda suka kasance cikin jiki. Wadannan jiyya sun haɗa da chemotherapy, maganin kwantar da hankali, da kuma immunotherapy.
Tare da ciwon huhu na farko, magani na gida zai iya isa don yunkurin maganin ciwon daji. Lokacin da ciwo na huhu ya yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ko zuwa wasu yankuna na jiki, hanyoyin kwantar da hankali su ne mafi kyawun magani.
Wata mawuyacin lokaci da za ku haɗu da ita shine adjuvant far . Wasu lokuta ana amfani da jiyya na yau da kullum ko da kuwa ciwon daji ba zai bayyana ba. Alal misali, ana iya bada chemotherapy ko wani magani mai mahimmanci da aka yi niyya ko da yake an yi aikin tiyata. Magungunan adjuvant sune wadanda aka yi don magance duk wani kwayoyin da suka yada fiye da shafin farko na ciwon daji, amma ƙila ba a iya ganewa tare da gwaje-gwaje na hoto wanda muke da shi ba.
Tiyata don ciwon huhu
Lokacin da ciwon huhu na huhu ya kama shi a farkon matakan-kafin ya yada fiye da labarun huhu-zai iya kasancewa mai curative. Ga farkon lokaci, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar (musamman mataki na zuwa mataki na IIIA marasa ƙwayar cutar kwayar cutar), ana yin la'akari da tiyata. A wasu lokatai, ana iya ɗaukar tiyata don ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cutar ciwon ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cutar.
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyar da za a iya yi don magance ciwon huhu na huhu:
- Pneumonectomy: A pneumonectomy yana nufin cire wani ƙwayar cuta.
- Lobectomy: A cikin lobectomy , an cire ɗaya daga cikin lobes daga cikin huhu. (Ciwon ƙwayar dama yana da lobes uku, da kuma hagu na hagu yana da lobes biyu.)
- Neman bincike na marufi: A cikin tsaka -tsakin daji, an cire tsutsa tare da wani yanki mai launi na huhu wanda ke kewaye da kututture.
- Sakamakon bincike: A cikin wani launi na sleeve, an cire lobe na huhu, tare da wani ɓangaren massarar (hanyoyi da ke kaiwa ga huhu,).
- Segmentectomy: A cikin kashi, an cire ɓangaren lobe. Yawan nauyin da aka cire ta hanyar wannan hanya ya fi nau'in haɗin gwal, amma kasa da lobectomy.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da ita na aikin tiyata sun hada da cututtuka, zubar da jini, da kuma rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, dangane da aikin huhu kafin aikin tiyata da kuma adadin abincin huhu.
Magungunan Radiation don ciwon huhu
Magungunan radiation na ciwon huhu na ciwon huhu yana amfani da hasken wutar lantarki mai karfi mai karfi daga wajen jiki don kashe kwayoyin cutar kanjamau. Akwai wasu hanyoyi da ake amfani da radiation don ciwon huhu na huhu:
- A matsayin magani na adjuvant don magance duk wani ciwon daji wanda zai kasance bayan tiyata
- Don taimakawa rage girman ƙwayar ƙwayar jiki don haka tiyata zai yiwu
- A matsayin magani mai mahimmanci don rage yawan ciwo ko iska a cikin mutanen da ke da ciwon daji wanda ba za'a iya warkar da su ba
- A matsayin magani mai magani: Wani irin nau'i na radiation wanda aka sani da radar radiotherapy na stereotactic (SBRT) yana amfani da radiation mai tsanani da aka ba wani karamin yanki a cikin huhu. Ana iya amfani da wannan a matsayin madadin aikin tiyata lokacin da ba'a iya aiki ba.
Hanyoyin kullun na radiation farfesa zasu iya haɗawa da tsabtace jiki da haushi na fata, gajiya, da kuma ƙonewa daga cikin huhu (pneumonitis radiation).
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy don ciwon huhu na huhu yana amfani da magunguna da aka tsara don kashe kwayoyin halitta da sauri kamar su ciwon daji. Ana iya amfani da ƙwayoyin cutar shan magani a matsayin magani na farko don cutar ciwon huhu na ciwon huhu, bayan aikin tiyata (adjuvant chemotherapy), ko kuma kafin a tiyata don rage girman ƙwayar cutar (neoadjuvantrapy).
Haɗuwa da cutar shan-jiji-ta amfani da ƙwayar likita fiye da ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya-mafi yawan amfani. Magunguna daban-daban suna tsangwama tare da rarrabawar kwayoyin halitta a wurare daban-daban a cikin sake zagayowar salula, kuma sun hada da wannan tsari a hanyoyi fiye da ɗaya yana kara yawan yiwuwar magance yawan kwayar cutar kanjamau a cikin yiwuwar. Wasu magungunan shan magani da aka yi amfani da su ga mutanen da ciwon huhu ya kunshi:
- Platinol (cisplatin)
- Paraplatin (carboplatin)
- Gemzar (Gemcitabine)
- Taxotre (docetaxel)
- Taxol (paclitaxel) da Abraxane (nab-paclitaxel)
- Alimta (wanda aka haifa)
- Cibiyar tabarbare (vinorelbine)
Sakamakon kullun na chemotherapy sun hada da maye gurbin kashi (raguwa a cikin jinin jini, karnukan fararen fata, da kuma waxanda ke dauke da su), asarar gashi, da gajiya. Nuna da zubar da jini suna fama da illa ga cututtuka na chemotherapy, amma godiya da gudanar da wadannan mummunar tasiri ya inganta sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Magunguna da aka ƙayyade
Magungunan da aka tsara don cutar ciwon huhu shine kwayoyi wanda aka tsara don kai farmaki kan wasu cututtuka na kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji, kuma, saboda haka, yana iya samun raƙuman sakamako fiye da chemotherapy.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa duk wanda aka gano tare da ciwon huhu na ƙananan ciwon ƙwayoyin cutar, musamman adenocarcinoma na huhu, yana haifar da labarun (labaran kwayoyin) wanda aka yi da ciwon su. Kuna iya jin likitan likitanka game da "maye gurbi" da maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta. Abin da ake nufi shi ne cewa wasu kwayoyin cutar kanjamau sun sami canje-canjen kwayoyin da za a iya niyya (da kuma bi da su) tare da magungunan maganin da ke magance waɗannan canje-canje.
An yarda da jiyya ga wadanda suke tare da maye gurbin EGR, gyare-gyaren ALK, gyare-gyaren ROS1 , kuma akwai gwaji na asibiti na nazarin magunguna don sauran maye gurbi da canjin halittar kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji. Wannan yanki na kimiyya yana canza saurin hanzari, kuma akwai yiwuwar sababbin sababbin sababbin magunguna su ci gaba da gano su.
Duk da yake maganin kwantar da hankalin zai iya zama tasiri sosai, tsayayya da wadannan jiyya yana tasowa lokaci. Duk da haka, ana samun samfurori na biyu da na uku kuma suna nazarin lokacin da wannan ya auku. Wasu magungunan da aka yi niyya don sunadarin ciwon huhu sun hada da:
- ALK masu hanawa - Xalkori (crizotinib), Zykadia (ceritinib), da Alecensa (alectinib)
- Magungunan Angiogenesis - Avastin (bevacizumab) da Cyramza (ramucirumab)
- Masu hana EFGR - Tarceva (erlotinib), Gilotrif (afatinib), Iressa (gefitinib), Tagrisso (osimertinib), da Portrazza (necitumumab)
Immunotherapy
Wani sabon nau'in maganin cutar kanjamau ya zama samuwa a shekara ta 2015. Ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafin rigakafi ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin rigakafi don taimakawa wajen kawar da jikin ku na ciwon daji. Kodayake muna jin jin dadi mai yawa a cikin labarai, immunotherapy shine ainihin dalili don samun farin ciki game da makomar ciwon huhu na huhu da aka kira ta shekara ta 2016 na ciwon ciwon ciwon daji a shekara ta Amurkar Amurka don Clinical Oncology.
Duk da yake maganin kwantar da hankula ya fi dacewa a cikin mutanen da basu taba shan taba ba, immunotherapies na iya zama mafi tasiri a cikin mutanen da suke shan taba da kuma wadanda ke da ciwon daji irin su ciwon daji na mahaifa. Magungunan rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi a halin yanzu an yarda da su don ciwon huhu na huhu shine:
- Opdivo (nivolumab)
- Keytruda (pembrolizumab)
Magungunan Cutar Canjin Tsarin Makiya
Duk da yake ba a gano magungunan rigakafi na ciwon huhu ba don amfani da cutar kanjamau musamman, akwai maganin ciwon daji wanda ke iya taimaka wa mutane su magance bayyanar cututtukan ciwon daji da ciwon daji. Wasu daga cikin wadannan sun haɗa da acupuncture, maganin massage, da tunani.
Lung Cancer Clinical Trials
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa ta bada shawarar cewa duk wanda ke fama da ciwon huhu ya yi la'akari da gwajin gwaji, kuma wannan ya fi mahimmanci. Kowane magani da muke da shi don ciwo da ciwon huhu a lokacin da aka bincika a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwaji na asibiti kafin a yarda. Don ƙarfafa muhimmancin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, zai iya taimakawa wajen fadada cewa tsakanin shekara ta 2011 da 2015, an riga an yarda da sababbin jiyya don ciwon daji na huhu fiye da shekaru hudu da suka gabata.
Yi magana da likitanku game da gwajin gwaji don yanke shawara idan wannan abu ne da kake son ganowa. Da dama daga cikin kungiyoyi na ciwon daji na huhu sun hada da aikin likitancin kwakwalwa na likitancin daji wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen magance abubuwan da ke cikin ciwon daji tare da gwajin gwaji a ci gaba ko'ina a duniya.
Zabi Mafi kyau Tsarin Cutar Canji Zɓk. Zuwa Ga Kai
Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, za'a iya samun dama daban-daban don maganin ciwon daji na huhu. Duk da yake wannan yana iya zama da damuwa, akwai wasu abubuwa da za ku iya yi domin yin sauƙin yanke shawara.
Idan kayi kwanan nan ya koya ku ciwon ciwon huhu na huhu, ɗauki lokaci don duba wadannan matakai na farko da za kuyi lokacin da aka gano sabon cutar . Nazarin ya nuna cewa ilmantar da abin da za ka iya game da ciwon daji yana taimakawa rage damuwa kuma yana iya haifar da sakamakon. Koyi yadda za a gudanar da bincike da ciwon daji da kuma samun bayanan abin dogara. Zaka iya farawa a nan a kan.
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun abubuwa da zaka iya yi don samun kyakkyawan magani shi ne neman cibiyar ciwon daji da ka dogara. Yi la'akari da wadannan shawarwari game da zabar cibiyar kula da cutar sankarar mahaifa da kuma muhimmancin samun ra'ayi na biyu tare da ciwon huhu na huhu . Yi lokaci don magana da iyalinka da abokai. Kuna iya so ku tambayi likitan likitan ku inda zai nemi magani idan an gano shi tare da ciwon huhu na huhu.
Ba za a iya ƙarfafawa sosai cewa wannan shi ne shawararka ba. Dukanmu muna da ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da yadda za mu magance maganin ciwon daji don kanmu, kuma motsin zuciyarmu zai iya ƙarfafawa a wannan lokaci. Barka da shigarwa daga ƙaunatattunka, amma ka tabbata ka yanke shawara bisa ga abin da kake jin dadi tare da abin da kake ji ya fi kyau a gare ka.
Kalma Daga
Abu mafi mahimmanci da za ku iya yi kamar yadda kuka yi la'akari da jiyya shi ne ya zama mai ba da shawara a cikin kulawa da ciwon daji . Ko da ma ba kai "mashahuran jama'a" ko kuma "Geek din Intanit ba," yin amfani da kungiyoyi masu tallafin ciwon ciwon huhu a cikin layi da ƙwayoyin cutar kanjamau ba su da yawa. Ba wai kawai waɗannan hanyoyi ne don samun tallafi daga wasu da suka "kasance a wurin" kuma zasu iya fahimta ba, amma waɗannan rukunoni zasu iya taimaka maka ka koyi da kuma fahimtar sabon abin da ya faru a kan ciwon huhu na huhu. Hashtag don taimaka maka gano wadannan al'ummomi ita ce #LCSM, wanda ke tsaye ga ciwon huhu a cikin mahaifa a duniya.
Kada ka bari ciwon huhu ko ciwon huhu na mahaifa ko tambayoyin da za ka iya samu game da halin shan taba naka ya rushe ka. Duk wanda ke da huhu zai iya samun ciwon huhu na huhu. Kada ka bari ra'ayi cewa ciwon huhu na huhu ba shi da kariya ba. Kana iya tunatar da abokanka cewa abin da suka fuskanta tare da dangi shekaru 10 da suka gabata ya bambanta da yadda cutar tabarbaran ke bi a yau. Kuma ko da yake kuna iya ganin kananan kullun ciwon huhu na huhu ba tare da yaduwar launin fata ba, kada a yaudare ku. Abin da marasa ciwon huhu na huhu ya samu a cikin lambobin da ya haɓaka a zurfin. Komawa ga mutane da yawa wadanda zasu sami baya yayin da kuke fuskantar wannan cuta.
Sources:
Masters, G. Immunotherapy a Ciwon Cutar Cancer Jiyya: Matsayin Yanzu da kuma Gabatarwa. Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kwayoyi ta Amirka: ASCO News . https://am.asco.org/immunotherapy-lung-cancer-treatment-current-status-and-future-directions
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Ƙunƙasar Ciwon Kwayoyin Wutar Cutar Kan Ƙasar Kanana (PDQ) - Shafin Farko na Lafiya. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Ƙananan Ciwon Kwayar Wutar Kankara (PDQ) - Shafin Farko na Lafiya. Updated 07/07/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq
Pass, J., Carbone, D., Johnson, D. et al. Ka'idoji da Kwarewar Ciwon Kankara . 4th Edition. Williams da Wilkins: 2010.
Rocco, G., Morabito, A., Leone, A., Muto, P., Fiore, F., da kuma A. Budillon. Gudanar da Ciwon Ƙwayar Ciwon Kwayoyin Ƙwayar Ƙwayar Cikin Kwayoyin cuta a cikin Era of Medicine Personalized. Jaridar Duniya na Biochemistry da Cell Biology . 2016. 78: 173-179.