Kwayar cutar ta mutum (HIV) wata kwayar cutar ce wadda ta cutar da wasu kwayoyin jini na jini ( CD4 + T-cell ) a cikin mutane. Rashin waɗannan jinin jini yana haifar da ci gaba da cututtuka daban-daban, cututtuka, da sauran matsaloli na rigakafi. A yau, akwai mutane fiye da miliyan 30 a duniya da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV, tare da fiye da miliyan 1 daga cikin waɗanda suke zaune a Amurka.
Lokacin da aka fara gane cutar HIV a farkon - zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1980, kamuwa da cuta ya ci gaba da ci gaba da ciwo kan cutar rashin lafiya (AIDS) a yawancin mutanen da suka kamu da cutar. A shekarun 1990s, gabatar da magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magungunan magunguna . Mutane da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV suna rayuwa da dadewa kuma suna bunkasa wasu cututtuka na yau da kullum wadanda ba su kamu da cutar HIV ba, irin su cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban.
Shin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV sun sami karin ƙwayar cuta?
Mutane da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV sun san cewa suna da matakan rashin lafiyar jiki (IgE) , musamman ma CD4 + T-cell matakan saukewa. Wadannan matakin IgE babba bazai iya nuna alamun rashin ciwo ba , duk da haka, amma alamar wata alama ce ta rashin rashin daidaituwa saboda lalacewar B-cell . Ana amfani da kwayoyin IgE akan nau'o'in pathogens (ciki har da HIV), maimakon a kan allergens.
Mutane da ke fama da kwayar cutar HIV sau da yawa suna fama da yanayin rashin lafiyar, duk da haka, ciki har da rhinitis na rashin lafiya (hay fever) , maganin ƙwayar cuta da kuma asma .
Wannan na iya zama saboda rushewa a cikin ma'auni na tsarin rigakafi, wanda zai haifar da asarar magungunan kulawar rashin lafiyar al'ada, da kuma karin alamun rashin lafiyar rashin lafiya.
Hay Fever a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV
Mutane da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV suna nuna yawan ƙwayar cututtuka, tare da binciken da ya nuna 66% na gunaguni na alamun rashin lafiya na jiki kuma fiye da kashi daya cikin uku na marasa lafiya na asibiti da ke da shaidar sinusitis .
Binciken daban-daban sun nuna cewa mutanen da ke fama da kwayar cutar HIV suna da sakamako mai kyau a kan gwaji na fata , idan aka kwatanta da mutanen da ba su da cutar HIV.
Gudanar da gwargwadon ƙwayar cuta a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV tana kama da mutane ba tare da HIV ba. Idan mai yiwuwa ba a iya guje wa ciwon daji , jiyya tare da maganin antihistamines , ƙwararrayin ƙwayoyi na hanci , da sauran magungunan ƙwayoyi masu saukowa za a iya amfani da su lafiya. Gyaran rigakafin rigakafin rigakafin jiki , ko rashin lafiyar jiki , yana da rikice-rikice a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV tun lokacin da ake yin tasiri na tsawon lokaci don inganta tsarin rigakafin ta hanyar immunotherapy ba a san su ba a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV.
Drug Allergy a cikin Mutane da kwayar cutar HIV
Mutane da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV suna da karuwar maganin rashin lafiyar miyagun ƙwayoyi, mai yiwuwa sakamakon rashin rushe ka'idoji na al'ada. Wannan shi ne ainihin gaskiya ga trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), wanda shine maganin kwayoyin sulfa . Hanyoyin halayen TMP-SMX na faruwa a fiye da rabin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV (idan aka kwatanta da kasa da kashi 10 cikin dari na mutanen da basu kamu da kwayar cutar HIV). Abin farin ciki, ƙaddamarwa ga ƙwayar TMP-SMX yana ci gaba da cin nasara, wanda ake buƙata don hanawa da kuma magance cututtuka da yawa a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV.
Wani mawuyacin rashin lafiyar da ake gani a kan miyagun ƙwayoyin cuta shi ne maganin ababen ƙwayar cutar HIV.
Abacavir wata maƙasudin baya ne wanda zai iya haifar da cututtuka a cikin kashi 5-8% na mutanen da ke fama da kwayar cutar HIV. Akwai jigilar kwayoyin halitta da zazzagewa da cututtukan fata wanda ya kamata a bincika tare da yin amfani da gwajin jini kafin mutum ya dauki abacavir. Idan mutum ba shi da jinsin da yake hade da amsawa, za'a iya ɗaukar abacavir.
Asthma a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV
Yin maganin cutar ta HIV tare da magungunan rigakafi ya haifar da ƙara yawan matsalolin huhu da aka gani a cikin wadannan marasa lafiya. Wadanda aka kamu da kwayar cutar HIV an nuna su a cikin binciken don samun karfin da ya fi girma idan aka kwatanta da maza ba tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV ba, musamman ma wadanda ke shan taba.
Magunguna masu kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV da ke ɗauke da magungunan rigakafi sun nuna yawan yawan ƙwayar asma idan aka kwatanta da yara masu kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV da ba su shan magunguna.
Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV sun fi dacewa da mummunar tasirin hayaki na taba, da kuma amfani da magungunan magunguna don maganin cutar ta HIV yana kare kan lalacewar aikin rigakafi, wanda zai iya ƙara haɗari ga yanayin rashin lafiyar ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar fuka. Yin maganin fuka a cikin kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV tana kama da wannan a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV, ko da yake ya kamata a kauce wa corticosteroids a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, saboda sakamakon da suke yi akan tsarin rigakafi.
Source:
Stokes SC, Tankersley MS. HIV: Abubuwan Tawuwa na Gaskiya ga Mai Rikicin Alkawari-Masanin ilimin likita. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011; 107: 1-8.