Gwajin gwaji
Jarabawa marasa lafiya sunyi yadda mutum yayi haɓaka zuwa wasu nau'o'in kwayoyi, irin su pollen bishiyoyi, dabbaccen nama, abinci, magunguna ko ƙwayoyi. Gwajin gwajin "gwagwarmaya" yana nufin cewa mutum yana da wani ƙwayar cuta mai cututtuka zuwa abu wanda aka gwada. Wannan yana nufin cewa mutum yana fama da rashin lafiyar abu, ma'ana cewa mutumin zai fuskanci bayyanar cututtuka lokacin da aka nuna shi zuwa abincin.
Duk da haka, gwajin gwajin gwaji mai kyau ba dole ba ne cewa mutum yana da rashin tausayi ga abu. Mutum na iya samun gwajin gwaji mai kyau don kare doki, alal misali, amma ba komai bayyanar cututtuka tare da daukan karnuka. Bugu da ƙari, mutum zai iya samun gwaje-gwaje da yawa na rashin lafiyar abinci , amma ya iya cin waɗannan abinci ba tare da wani mummunan halayen ba.
Sabili da haka, an buƙatar wani mai ciwo don yin aiki da kuma fassara gwajin gwaji a kan abin da ya faru a jikin mutum.
Akwai nau'i nau'i biyu na gwajin rashin lafiyar da ake ganin yana da inganci: Binciken fata (prick / kutsawa da intradermal) da RAST (jarrabawar radiologicosorbent). Sauran gwaje-gwaje don allergies za a iya yi a cikin binciken bincike (kamar saka ƙananan kwayoyin allergen a cikin idanu, hanci ko kuma huhu don auna mahimmancin amsawa), amma ba su da amfani ga amfani da yau da kullum. Ba a yi amfani da gwaje-gwajen patch don gwaji don rashin lafiyar jiki ba, amma don samuwa ga wasu kwayoyi daban-daban, wanda ya haifar da wani ɓangare na tsarin rigakafi.
Yawancin gwaje-gwaje masu yawa ne masu aikatawa ko mutanen da suke kira kansu "masu zaman lafiyar" suke yi, amma rashin horo na horo da kuma takaddama na kasa a fannin rashin lafiyar da rigakafi. Ƙara koyo game da wace gwaje-gwaje don kauce wa ganewar asali na allergies . Ko da yaushe kullun ƙwarewa, ƙwararrun kwamiti ko hukumar cancanci allergist lokacin da ke fama da jiyya.
Menene Gwaji na Fata?
Binciken fata shine tsofaffi kuma mafi yawan abin dogara ga gwaji. An yi wannan gwaji na tsawon shekaru 100 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa gwajin gwagwarmaya don ganewar cutar rashin lafiya. Gwaji yana farawa tare da fasalin, fashewa ko hanyar tayar da hankali, wanda ya hada da sanya jigon allergen a tambaya (yawanci yawan samfurin mai kwakwalwa na pollen, molds, abinci, dabbar fata, da dai sauransu) a kan fata kuma abrading fata tare da allura . Wannan gwajin ba abu mai ciwo ba ne, kuma a kullum, babu zubar da zub da jini tun lokacin da allurar ta taɓa zubar da fuskar fata.
Bayan fatar fata, gwaje-gwajen yana kimanin minti 15 don ci gaba. Ana iya yin gwajin fata da yawa, dangane da shekarun mutumin, alamu da wasu dalilai. Kyakkyawan gwajin fata yana bayyana a matsayin tayarwa, tsutsa mai yatsuwa, kama da sauro mai sauro . Ana gwada gwajin idan aka kwatanta da kyawawan gwagwarmaya da magungunan, wanda shine wasu gwaje-gwaje biyu na fata wanda aka sanya tare da kayan jiki da za'a gwada su.
Gwaninta mai kyau shine yawan tarihin tarihi, wanda zai haifar da tayar da hankali, duk wanda ba ya shan maganin antihistamine , kamar Benadryl. Ba zai yiwu a yi rashin lafiyar histamine ba, saboda wannan sinadaran yana cikin jiki.
Wani gwajin fata na tarihi da gaske yana nufin cewa duk wani gwajin fata da aka yi a lokaci guda tare da sakamako mai ma'ana shine a hakika, mummunan gaske (kuma sakamakon mummunan sakamakon ba kawai saboda mutumin da ke dauke da antihistamine ba , misali).
Gudanar da mummunan sarrafa yawanci shine ruwan gishiri, ko salin, abu. Dalilin wannan gwaji shine tabbatar da cewa mutum ba shi da wani tasiri mai tasiri daga pricking na allura. Sakamakon gwajin gwaji wanda ya haifar da kullun gwajin ya tabbatar da cewa sakamakon binciken gwajin fata ba daidai ba ne saboda mummunan tasiri daga mutumin da ke da fata.
Idan jarrabawar gwajin fata ta zama mummunan zuwa nau'in allergens daban-daban , amma tarihin mutum na rashin lafiyanci ya nuna cewa wadannan sakamakon ya zama tabbatacce, sannan kuma wata gwajin, wanda ake kira jarrabawar fata, zai iya aiki.
Gwajin fata na intradermal, wanda ya haɗa da allurar dan allergen da aka cire a karkashin launi na fata tare da allurar, zai iya iya gano yawan mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiya fiye da gwaji kawai. Abin takaici, ƙwaƙwalwar fata na intradermal zai iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau, kuma waɗannan gwaje-gwaje ba za a iya amfani dashi a gwada don abincin abinci ba.
Sakamakon gwajin fata yana wakiltar rashin lafiyar cututtuka. Yana da kayan aiki mai amfani ga mutane su ga (kuma su ji) gwajin su na kwarai na kullun, alal misali, don fahimtar cewa suna rashin lafiyan cats. Wannan kwarewar ilimi yafi banbanci fiye da bayar da rahoto ga wani mutum game da gwajin gwaji mai kyau da aka yi ta amfani da gwajin jini.
Ta yaya ake gwada gwadawa a jiki akan gwajin jini?
Gwajin Radioallergosorbent (RAST) wani nau'i ne na gwajin gwaji wanda ya shafi aunawa da kwayoyin cututtuka na musamman daga samfurin jini. Yayin da RAST yana samuwa, sababbin nau'i na gwajin jini don allergies ya haɗa da yin amfani da gwagwarmaya ta immunosorbent (ELISA), wanda ya haɗa da ɗaukar kwayoyin cututtuka a cikin samfurin jini zuwa wani allergen, wanda zai haifar da canjin launi lokacin da mai cigaba an kara da cewa. Dark da wannan canjin launi zai iya aunawa kuma a juya shi cikin maida hankali ko adadin mai cutar rashin lafiyar a cikin samfurin jini. Duk da yake ingancin gwaji na jini ya inganta a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, har yanzu ana iyakancewa a yawan gwaje-gwajen da ake samuwa, da ƙananan ƙwayoyin marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji (irin su wasu pollen ko kuma dander).
Jirgin jinin marasa lafiya a kwanan nan ya zama mafi amfani a tantancewar da kuma kula da abincin da ke cikin abinci, duk da haka. Duk da yake gwaji na fata ga abinci zai iya ba da hankali, bisa ga girman wannan karfin, ko mutum yana da rashin lafiyar abinci, jinin jini yana gwada adadin mai ciwo mai rashin lafiyar zuwa abinci. Wannan darajar zai iya taimakawa wajen ƙayyade shi ne yarinya yana iya ƙin abincin jiki, misali.
Babban farashin gwaji na jini, idan yayi tsayayya da gwaji na fata marar tsada, da jinkirta cikin sakamako na kwanaki zuwa makonni, ya sa ya zama maras kyau fiye da gwajin fata. Binciken fata yana ci gaba da kasancewa gwaji mafi kyau, tare da žananan sabanin gaskiya da kuma sababbin sakamako mara kyau.
Shin lafiya ne na gwaji?
Binciken fata yana da lafiya sosai, musamman ma lokacin da wani mai kula da lafiyar jiki ya samu a cikin ganewar asibiti . Duk abin da ke cikin jiki na rashin lafiyar jiki, wani lokaci ana kiransa anaphylaxis, yana da wuya daga gwajin fata. Duk da haka, ba da yiwuwar cewa anaphylaxis zai iya faruwa a sakamakon haka, gwajin fata kawai ya kamata a yi a ofishin likita tare da kayan aiki don magance irin wannan halayen.
Yara yara za su iya kasancewa kwantar da hankalin fata, ciki har da jarirai. Yawancin lokaci, jarirai na yin gwaje-gwaje don rashin lafiyar abinci, ko da yake suna da kaya ko ƙura. Yara da ke kasa da shekaru biyu suna da ƙananan ƙwayar fata don yin gwajin gwaji.
Tun da jarabawar jinji na dauke da gwajin gwaji akan jini mutum, babu wani damar cewa mutum zai iya samo wani abu mai rashin lafiyan sakamakon gwaji. Duk da haka, damar cewa mutum zai sami sakamako mai tasiri daga zubar da jini, kamar zubar da jini, zubar da jini mai tsanani, ko kamuwa da cuta, shi ne ainihin mafi girma daga abin da ya shafi sakamako na gwaji.
Wasu kungiyoyin mutane ba zasu iya samun gwajin fata ba, sabili da haka gwajin jini yana gwaji mafi kyau. Wa] annan kungiyoyi sun haɗa da wa] anda ba su daina hana maganin maganin antihistamine; wadanda ke da fata mai laushi (da kuma "amsa" ga magungunan mummunan aiki), wadanda ke shan magani na maganin jini (irin su beta-blockers ), da waɗanda ke da mummunar zuciya da yanayin huhu wanda ya sa su a cikin haɗari idan anaphylaxis ya faru.
Yaya Ya Kamata Mutum Zai Yi Tambaya?
Yin gwagwarmayar mutum ga wani abu mai cututtuka yana nufin cewa an kwantar da mutumin da gangan a kan abu, irin su ciwon mutumin ya ci abincin da ake zaton damuwa. Ana fuskantar kalubalancin abinci don ganin idan yarinya ya ci gaba da bala'in abinci, ko kuma idan gwajin fata yana nuna rashin lafiyar jiki. Kalubale na abinci yana da haɗari sosai kuma ya kamata a yi shi kawai ta hanyar likitoci masu kwantar da hankula da suka shawo kan su.
Yin gwagwarmayar mutum ga wani mai ba da abinci, irin su pollen ko maniyyi, ba a saba yin shi a wani ofishin; duk da haka, waɗannan gwaje-gwaje za a iya yi a cikin ilimin kimiyya ko bincike.
Kuna son ci gaba da koya? Dubi yadda aka yi gwajin fata .
> Source:
> Yi amfani da sigogi don gwajin gwaji. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1995; 75 (6): 543-625.