Ma'aikatan miyagun ƙwayoyi 31 suna yanzu don magance cutar HIV
An tsara kwayoyi masu amfani da kwayar cutar a cikin kashi biyar a kan tsarin da kwayar cutar HIV ta hana su. Yau, akwai mutane 27 masu aiki (da ake kira kwayoyin miyagun ƙwayoyi) da kuma nau'ikan hade guda biyu (FDC) waɗanda aka hada da kwayoyin biyu ko fiye. Bakwai na FDCs, a gaskiya, za a iya amfani da shi azaman kwayar kwayar guda daya, sau ɗaya-rana, don tabbatar da bin tsarin kulawa da sauƙi.
Anyi amfani da maganin maganin rigakafi ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin maganin miyagun kwayoyi guda uku, dabarun da aka fi sani da suna HAART (farfadowa mai magunguna). Tun da gabatarwa a shekara ta 1996, HAART ya samo asali sosai kuma a yau yana samar da sakamako mai yawa kuma mafi yawan maganganu fiye da baya.
A gaskiya ma, saurin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi guda uku zai iya zama abu na baya tare da maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi guda biyu kamar Juluca (dolutegravir + rilpivirine) yanzu an amince da shi don amfani da cikakkiyar cutar HIV.
Ranar Fabrairu 7, 2018, an amince da sabon kwayar cutar kwayar cutar HIV, bictegravir, don amfani da Cibiyar Abinci da Drug ta Amurka ta zama magunguna na FDC, Biktarvy.
| Drug Class | Brand Name | Sunan jinsin | Adult Dosing | Bayanan Abinci |
| Masu shigarwa masu shiga | Fuzeon | enfuvirtide, T-20 | 90mg (1 mL) injected sau biyu a kowace rana | Babu |
| Selzentry, Celsentri | marabaroc | Ɗaya daga cikin 150mg kwamfutar hannu sau biyu a kowace rana, da 300mg kwamfutar hannu sau biyu a kowace rana, ko kuma 300mg Allunan sau biyu a kowace rana, dangane da tsarin miyagun ƙwayoyi | Babu | |
| Pharmacokinetic Enhancers (wanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV) | Norvir | ritonavir | Dangane da haɗin mai protease, an yi amfani da Norvir kusan kawai don "bunkasa" matakan maganin magani na sauran masu hana protease (PIs); masu ba da shawara suyi shawarwari tare da cikakkun bayanai lokacin da suke aiki tare da PIs | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba |
| Tybost | cobicistat | 150mg dauka sau ɗaya kowace rana; ta hanyar fasaha mai amfani CYP3A, ana amfani da Tybost don "bunkasa" matakan maganin magunguna na wasu masu hana protease (PIs) | Taken abinci | |
| Haɗa masu haɗaka | Isentress | raltegravir | Ɗaya daga cikin na'urorin kwamfutar hannu guda 400mg sau biyu a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba |
| Tivicay | dolutegravir | Ɗaya daga cikin 50mg kwamfutar hannu kowace rana don marasa lafiya marasa lafiya; Ɗaya daga kwamfutar hannu 50mg sau biyu a kowace rana don marasa lafiyar marasa lafiya-wadanda suka kamu da maganin Isentress | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Vitekta | elvitegravir | 85mg ko 150mg kwamfutar hannu riƙi ko dai sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a kullum, tare da Norvir da wani protector inhibitor; mayar da su zuwa dosing chart don takamaiman dosages | Taken abinci | |
| Ma'aikata da Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs / NtRTIs) | Emtriva | emtricitabine | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu 100mg sau ɗaya a kowace rana, ko 150mg kwamfutar hannu da aka ɗauki sau biyu a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba |
| Epivir | lamivudine | Ɗaya daga cikin 300mg kwamfutar hannu riƙi sau ɗaya kowace rana, ko 150mg kwamfutar hannu riƙi sau biyu a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Retrovir | AZT, zidovudine | Ɗaya daga cikin 300mg kwamfutar hannu riƙi sau biyu a kullum | Abinci na iya sauƙi rashin tausayi | |
| Videx EC | didanosine, ddI | Ɗaya daga cikin gangami 400mg da aka dauka sau ɗaya a kowace rana; ko 200mg capsule riƙi sau ɗaya a kullum ga marasa lafiya a karkashin 133 lbs (60kg) | An dauki shi a ciki | |
| Viread | tenofovir | Ɗaya daga cikin 300mg kwamfutar hannu riƙi sau ɗaya a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Zerit | stavudine | Ɗaya daga cikin 40mg capsule dauke da awa 12 ga marasa lafiya 133 lb (60kg) da kuma; ko 30mg capsule riƙi 12 hoursly ga marasa lafiya kasa da 133 lbs (60kg) | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Ziagen | abacavir | Kofuna 300mg da aka dauka sau ɗaya kowace rana, ko kuma 300mg kwamfutar hannu ɗauke sau biyu a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Ƙungiyar Masu Rashin Gida na Ƙungiyar Nasarawa (NNRTIs) | Jagora | rilpivirine | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu 25mg sau ɗaya kowace rana | Taken tare da abinci |
| Daidai | etravirine | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu 200mg sau biyu a kowace rana | Taken tare da abinci | |
| Mawallafi | delavirdine | Kwayoyin 200mg guda uku sau uku a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Sustiva | efavirenz | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu 600mg sau ɗaya kowace rana | Bayyana komai a ciki | |
| Viramune XR | nevirapine | Tsakanin haɓaka na kimanin 200mg Viramune kwamfutar hannu yau da kullum don kwanaki 14, sa'an nan kuma 100mg Viramune XR kwamfutar hannu kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Masu haɓaka masu tsaro (PIs) | Aptivus | tipranavir | An dauki nauyin lambobin 250mg guda biyu da Norvir 200mg sau biyu | Mafi dauka tare da cin abinci |
| Crixivan | indinavir | Kantunan ruwa 400mg da aka dauki tare da 100mg ko 200mg Norvir sau biyu (wanda aka fi so), ko kuma adadin kuzari 400mg kowace rana 8 | Tare da Norvir, ɗauki tare ko ba tare da abinci ba; ba tare da Norvir ba, kai a cikin komai a ciki | |
| Invirase | saquinavir | Kayan litattafai 500mg da aka dauke tare da Norvir 100mg sau biyu | Mafi kyau tare da abinci ko cikin sa'o'i 2 na cin abinci | |
| Kaletra | 200 mg lopinavir + 50mg Norvir (Lura - lopinavir kawai samuwa a matsayin ɓangare na Kaletra) | Biyu allunan sau biyu a kowace rana; Allunan hudu guda ɗaya a kowace rana yana yarda da marasa lafiya marasa lafiya ko marasa lafiya wanda ba tare da 3 maye gurbin da ke hade da haɓakar lopinavir ba | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Lexiva, Telzir | fosamprenavir | Kayan gwal na 700mg sau biyu a kowace rana; ko kuma nau'o'i 700mg dauke da 100mg 100mg a kowace rana; ko 700mg kwamfutar hannu ɗauke da 100mg Norvir sau biyu a kowace rana ga marasa lafiya tare da rasa PI baya | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Prezista | darunavir | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu 800mg (ko kuma Allunan 200mg) dauke da Norvir 100mg sau ɗaya kowace rana; ko 600mg kwamfutar hannu ɗauke da 100mg Norvir sau biyu a kullum ga marasa lafiya tare da matakan da aka sani na juriya na Prezista | Taken abinci | |
| Reyataz | atazanavir | Cikakken ruwa 200mg da aka dauki sau ɗaya kowace rana, ko kuma 300mg (ko 150mg) capsules ɗauke da 100mg Norvir sau ɗaya kowace rana | Taken tare da abinci mai sauƙi | |
| Kuskuren | nelfinavir | Kayan litattafai 625mg da aka ɗauki sau biyu a kowace rana, ko kwamfutarka 250mg da aka ɗauka sau biyu a kowace rana, ko kuma nau'o'i 250mg da aka ɗauka sau uku a kowace rana | Taken tare da cin abinci ko abincin abun ciki | |
| Daidaitawar haɗuwa (FDC) Drugs | Combivir | 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu an ɗauka sau biyu a kowace rana | Abinci na iya sauƙi rashin tausayi |
| Epzicom | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka ɗauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Evotaz | 300mg Reyataz + 150mg Tybost | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka ɗauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana | Taken abinci | |
| Prezcobix | 800mg Prezista + 150mg Taɓa | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka ɗauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana | Taken abinci | |
| Truvada | 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka ɗauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Dukkanin-daya-daya-daya-hada-hada (FDC) Drugs | Atripla | 600mg Sustiva + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka dauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana; babu wani wakili wanda yake buƙata | Mafi kyawun ciki |
| Biktarvy | 50mg bictegravir + 200mg Viread + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka dauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana; babu wani wakili wanda yake buƙata | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Kashe | 25mg Jagoran + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka dauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana; babu wani wakili wanda yake buƙata | Mafi kyawun abinci | |
| Genvoya | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg Tybost + 10mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka dauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana; babu wani wakili na antiretroviral da ake bukataW | Taken abinci | |
| Juluca | 50mg Tivicay + 25mg Jagora | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka ɗauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana | Taken abinci | |
| Odefsey | 25mg Yawo + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka dauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana; babu wani wakili wanda yake buƙata | Taken abinci | |
| Stribild | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg Tybost + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu da aka dauki sau ɗaya a kowace rana; babu wani wakili wanda yake buƙata | Taken abinci | |
| Triumeq | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir + 50mg Tivicay | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu sau ɗaya kowace rana; babu wani wakili wanda yake buƙata | An yi tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba | |
| Trizivir | 300mg Ziagen + 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu dauka sau biyu a kowace rana; za a iya tsara shi kadai ko a hade tare da wasu magungunan antiretroviral | Mafi kyawun abinci |
Source:
> Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam. "Magungunan HIV da aka kwantar da cutar ta FDA" AIDSInfo. Washington, DC; sabunta Fabrairu 28, 2018.