Bayani
Cutar cardiomyopathy ta ƙuntatawa ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin manyan nau'i uku na cardiomyopathy, ko cutar da ƙwayar zuciya. Sauran nau'o'i biyu sune magungunan cardiomyopathy , da hyperiophic cardiomyopathy .
Ƙaƙwalwar katin cardiomyopathy yana da muhimmanci saboda yakan haifar da rashin tausayi na zuciya , kuma yana dogara da mahimmancin dalilin, ƙin zuciya zai iya zama da wuyar magance yadda ya kamata.
Saboda maganin wannan cuta zai iya zama mai banƙyama, duk wanda ke dauke da cututtukan zuciya ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin kula da likitan zuciya.
Definition
A cikin cututtukan zuciya, saboda wani dalili ko wani ƙwayar zuciyar zuciya yana tasowa "hauka." Yayin da tsofaffin zuciya tsohuwar har yanzu yana iya yin kwangila akai-akai, kuma ta haka ne zai iya zubar da jini, ba zai iya cikakken hutawa a lokacin lokaci na zuciya na zuciya. (Diastole shine lokacin "cikawa" na sake zagaye na zuciya-lokacin da ke tsakanin zuciya, lokacin da ventricles ke cika da jini.) Wannan rashin tausayawa ya sa ya fi wahala ga ventricles su cika da jini yayin diastole.
Hannun da aka ƙuntata zuciya (wanda ya bada wannan yanayin sunansa) yana sa jini ya "dawowa" yayin da yake ƙoƙari ya shigar da ventricles, wanda zai iya haifar da ambaliya a cikin huhu da kuma sauran gabobin.
Wani suna don ƙuntata cika zuciya a lokacin diastole shine "lalacewar diastolic," kuma irin rashin tausayi na zuciya da ake samarwa ana kiransa gazawar zuciya na diastolic.
Mafi mahimmanci, ƙwaƙwalwar cardiomyopathy shine daya daga cikin dalilai da yawa na cututtuka na zuciya diastolic, ko da yake wani abu mai mahimmanci.
Dalilin
Akwai yanayi da yawa wanda zai iya haifar da cardiomyopathy. A wasu lokuta, babu wani dalili da za'a iya gano, a cikin haka idan an nuna cewa "cardiomyopathy" ya zama "idiopathic." Duk da haka, ya kamata a bincikar cutar cardiomyopathy kawai idan an gano duk abin da zai iya yiwuwa, kuma ya yanke hukunci.
Wadannan dalilai sun haɗa da:
- Cututtuka masu tasowa irin su amyloidosis , sarcoidosis , ciwo mai Hurler , Gaucher cuta da infiltration fatty.
- Yawancin matsalolin iyali wadanda suke cikin halitta, ciki har da pseuoxanthoma elasticum.
- Cututtuka na karewa ciki har da cutar Fabry, cutar glycogen da kuma hemochromatosis .
- Sauran yanayi daban-daban ciki har da scleroderma , ciwo na hypereosinophilic, ciwon endomyocardial fibrosis, ciwo na carcinoid , ciwon gishiri, maganin radiation ko chemotherapy.
Abin da waɗannan cututtuka masu tasowa suke da ita shi ne sun samar da wani tsari wanda ya saba da aikin al'ada na zuciya, irin su gurguntaccen salon salula, ko haɓaka maras kyau. Wadannan matakan ba su da tsangwama da yawa tare da raguwa da tsoka da ƙwayar zuciya, amma sun rage adadin zuciya na tsoka kuma ta hana ƙin ventricles tare da jini.
Cutar cututtuka
Kwayar cututtuka da mutane ke fama da damuwa na cardiomyopathy sunyi kama da alamun da ke faruwa da wasu nau'o'in zuciya . Kwayar cututtuka sun fi yawa saboda ciwon huhu, ƙwaƙwalwar wasu kwayoyin halitta, da rashin iyawa don ƙara yawan jinin da ke cikin zuciya a yayin aiki.
Sakamakon haka, shahararrun cututtuka da cututtukan zuciya sune dyspnea (shortness of breathing), edema (kumburi da ƙafafunsa), rauni, gajiya, rage haƙuri ga motsa jiki, da kuma ladabi . Tare da katsewar ƙwayar zuciya, damuwa na gabobin jiki na iya faruwa, haifar da hanta mai haɗari da kuma tasowa, da kuma hawa (ruɗar ruwa a cikin rami na ciki).
Sanin asali
Kamar yadda yawancin cututtuka na zuciya, da ganewar asali na ƙwayar cardiomyopathy ya dogara da farko ga likita zama fargaba ga yiwuwar cewa yanayin zai kasance a yayin yin aikin likita da bincike na jiki.
Mutanen da ke dauke da ƙwayar cuta mai mahimmanci suna iya samun dangin tachycardia (m zuciya) a hutawa, da kuma kula da tsoka a cikin wuyansa. Wadannan binciken jiki, da kuma bayyanar cututtuka, sun kasance kama da wadanda aka gani tare da pericarditis . A gaskiya, rarrabe bambancin cardiomyopathy daga cututtuka pericarditis wata matsala ce wadda masu fama da cututtukan zuciya ke fuskanta akan gwajin takaddun shaida. (A gwaji, amsar tana da dangantaka da ƙananan zuciya da aka samar da wadannan yanayi guda biyu - "s3 gallop" tare da ƙananan cardiomyopathy vs. "kullun kisa" tare da rikice-rikiccen pericarditis.)
Ana iya tabbatar da ganewar ƙwayar cutar ta hanyar yin amfani da rubutun ƙwaƙwalwa , wanda yake nuna alamar zubar da jini da kuma shaidar ƙaddamar da ventricles. Idan ainihin dalilin shine cututtuka irin na amyloidosis, gwajin ƙwaƙwalwa zai iya nuna alamun rashin adadi a cikin ƙwayar ventricular. Madafi na MRI na Cardiac zai iya taimakawa wajen tabbatar da ganewar asali, kuma a wasu lokuta, zasu iya taimakawa wajen gano ainihin dalilin. Kwayoyin halitta na jiki yana iya zama da amfani ƙwarai wajen yin ganewar asali lokacin da cutar tace ko cutar ajiya ta kasance.
Jiyya
Idan an gano mahimmancin motsi na cardiomyopathy, yin zalunci da wannan mawuyacin hali na iya taimakawa wajen juyawa ko dakatar da ci gaba da kariya daga cardiomyopathy. Abin takaici, babu wani maganin da ya dace wanda ya juya wa katsewar zuciya da kansa.
Gudanar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta tana nunawa ga sarrafa rikici na huhu da rubutu don rage cututtuka. An cika wannan ta amfani da yawancin kwayoyi guda daya da aka yi amfani dashi don rashin tausayi akan rashin ciwon zuciya cardiomyopathy .
Diuretics , irin su Lasix (furosemide), suna bayar da mafi kyawun amfani wajen magance mutanen da ke da kariya daga cardiomyopathy. Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa a sanya mutane da wannan yanayin "bushe" tare da diuretics, kara rage cikawar ventricles a lokacin diastole. Saboda haka kulawa ta kusa da yanayin su wajibi ne, auna nauyi a kalla kowace rana kuma bincika gwaje-gwajen jini a lokaci-lokaci don neman shaida akan rashin jin dadi. Yanayin mafi kyau na diuretics na iya canjawa a tsawon lokaci, don haka wannan tsinkaye ne mai bukata.
Yin amfani da maƙallan mai kwakwalwa mai launi na iya taimakawa ta hanyar inganta aikin zuciya na zuciya, da kuma rage jinkirin zuciya don ba da damar ƙarin lokaci don cikar ventricles tsakanin zuciya. Don irin wannan dalili, beta-blockers iya zama taimako.
Akwai wasu shaidun cewa masu hana masu kariya na ACE na iya amfani da su ga akalla wasu mutanen da ke dauke da cututtukan zuciya, watakila ta hanyar rage karfin zuciya mai tsoka.
Idan har yanzu ba a samuwa ba, yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zuciya don ba da damar isa lokaci don cika ventricles. Yin amfani da magungunan mai kwakwalwa da kuma beta blockers zai iya cika wannan burin.
Idan aikin likita ya kasa kula da bayyanar cututtuka na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, cututtukan zuciya zai iya zama wani zaɓi wanda ya kamata a yi la'akari.
Sakamakon maganin cututtuka na zuciya ya zama mafi muni a cikin maza, a cikin mutane fiye da shekara saba'in, da kuma a cikin mutanen da cutar ta cutar da cutar ta haifar da rashin lafiya, kamar amyloidosis.
Takaitaccen
Cutar cardiomyopathy ta ƙuntataccen abu ne wanda bai dace ba. Duk wanda yake da wannan yanayin yana buƙatar cikakken aikin likita - don neman ƙananan haddasawa, kuma yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa da hankali da ci gaba da rage ƙwayar cututtuka da kuma ingantaccen sakamako na dogon lokaci.
> Sources:
> Elliott P, Andersson B, Arbustini E, et al. Kayyadewa na Cardiomyopathies: Bayanin Matsayi daga Ƙungiyar Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Ƙungiyar Harkokin Kayan Halittu a kan Ƙananan Cututtuka da Tsari. Eur Heart J 2008; 29: 270.
> Karamitsos TD, Francis JM, Myerson S, et al. Ayyukan Hanyoyin Cutar Kwayoyin Tsarin Kwayoyin Tsarin Kwayoyin Tsarin Kwayoyin Naggawa a Zuciya. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: 1407.
> Kushwaha SS, Fallon JT, Fuster V. Ƙuntatawa Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 267.