Ya kamata yara da yawa su yi amfani da baƙin ƙarfe, abin da ya sa mafi yawan iyaye suna kokarin tabbatar da cewa 'ya'yansu suna cin abinci mai yawa a duk rana. Ba tare da baƙin ƙarfe ba, sun kasance cikin hadarin rashin anemia rashi .
Menene ya faru idan kun sami baƙin ƙarfe, ko da yake?
Abin farin ciki, wannan ba matsala ba ne ga yawancin yara, kamar yadda jikin su ya tsara irin ƙarfin da suke sha da kuma adana. Amma idan suna da ƙarancin jini, cututtukan kwayoyin da za a gaji daga iyayensu, yarinya zai iya karɓar baƙin ƙarfe da yawa, wanda zai sa an ƙara ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin hanta, zuciya, pancreas, da sauran kwayoyin.
Bayyanar cututtuka na Hemochromatosis
Alamomi, cututtuka, da matsalolin da ke hade da hemochromatosis zasu iya haɗawa da haka:
- ciwon haɗin gwiwa (arthralgia) da amosanin gabbai
- gajiya
- rage makamashi
- asarar nauyi
- zafi na ciki
- asarar gashi
- matsalolin zuciya, ciki har da cardiomyopathy tare da zuciya zuciya da arrhythmias
- ciwon hanta, tare da hanta mai girma (hepatomegaly), cirrhosis, da rashin hanta
- launin fatar launin fata ko tagulla
- hypothyroidism
- ciwon sukari
- rashin ƙarfi
- Aminorrhea (rashin lokaci)
Yawancin yara tare da hemochromatosis ba su da wata alamar wariyar launin fata, ko da yake, kamar yadda bayyanar cututtuka ba zai bunkasa har sai da yawa a cikin rayuwa, kamar yadda ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe yake ƙaruwa cikin jiki.
Diagnosing Hemochromatosis
Tun da yake yara tare da hemochromatosis sau da yawa ba su da wata alamar wariyar launin fata duk da haka, zasu iya zama da wahala ga ganewar asali. Wani labari na al'ada shi ne cewa an gano dangin dangi da jini tare da hemochromatosis sannan kuma saboda cututtukan kwayoyin cuta, wasu 'yan uwa suna gwaji.
Don haka jaririn ya iya gwada yaro tun kafin ya sami alamar wariyar launin fata, kawai saboda tarihin iyalinsa.
Gwaje-gwaje don hemochromatosis na iya haɗa da gwaje-gwajen jini don auna yawan ƙarfe a cikin jikin yaro, ciki har da neman abu:
- Saturation mai matsar lamba
- ƙarfe ferritin
- ƙaramin ƙarfe ƙarfe
- rage yawan ƙarfin ɗaukar ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe (TIBC)
An kira wannan rukunin wuta a mafi yawan labs.
Nazarin Halitta ga Hemochromatosis
Haka kuma yana yiwuwa a yi gwajin kwayoyin don neman jigilar cutar (HFE gene) wanda ke haifar da haɓakar haɓakar jini, ciki har da C282Y, H63D, da S65C maye gurbin. Yara da nau'i biyu na kwayoyin HFE masu mutunci suna da hemochromatosis (sun kasance mafi haɗari ga bayyanar cututtuka idan suna da nau'i biyu na irin wannan kwayar halitta), amma idan suna da daya daga cikin kwayoyin mutun, to, za su zama mai ɗaukar hoto. ba za ta ci gaba da yin wani alamun bayyanar cututtuka na hemochromatosis ba.
Matsayin kwayoyin gwajin kwayoyin yara ya kasance dan damuwa ne kawai. Ka tuna cewa Cibiyar Ilimin Harkokin Yara na Amirka ta bayyana cewa "an rage raguwa ko mace-mace saboda sakamakon gwaje-gwajen kwayar cutar ba a nuna shi ba saboda yawancin yanayin da za'a iya gwada gwajin gwagwarmaya," kuma "sanin ilimin haɗari na iya haifarwa mummunar amsawar tunanin mutum, kuma, yiwuwar, nuna bambanci ta masu insurers, ma'aikata, ko wasu. "
Gaba ɗaya, saboda yanayi da yawa, ciki har da hemochromatosis, sun bada shawarar barin gwajin kwayoyin har sai yaron ya tsufa ko kuma iya yin shawara mai kyau, da aka sanar.
Wani dalili mai kyau don kawar da gwajin kwayoyin shine cewa kimanin kashi 50 cikin dari na mutanen da ke gwajin gwaji don hemochromatosis za su ci gaba da samun alamun bayyanar.
A wani bangare kuma, masana a Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Jinsin Dan Adam ta Duniya sun bayyana cewa "tun lokacin da aka gano asirin farkon magunguna da kuma maganin cututtukan cututtuka, ana iya samun amfani wajen gano yara a hadarin." Har ila yau, suna kula da cewa "jarrabawar jinsin yana dauke da amfani ga tsarin mata na iya samun iyali."
Gaba ɗaya, yara sukan buƙaci la'akari don gwaji don hemochromatosis idan:
- duka iyaye suna da hemochromatosis (yaro zai sami hemochromatosis ma)
- daya iyaye yana da hemochromatosis kuma ɗayan yana mai hawa don hemochromatosis (50% damar da yaro zai sami hemochromatosis)
- iyaye biyu ne masu sintiri na hemochromatosis (25% damar yaro zai sami hemochromatosis)
Lokacin da iyaye ba su samuwa don gwajin kwayoyin ba, zaka iya kimanta hadarin mutum na samun jinsin ga hemochromatosis dangane da wanda mahalarta yana da hemochromatosis:
- idan mahaifiyar ku ko kawu yana da hemochromatosis, to, damarku na samun jinsin biyu don hemochromatosis shine kimanin 1%
- idan ɗaya daga cikin iyayenku yana da hemochromatosis, to, damarku na samun jinsin biyu don hemochromatosis shine kimanin 5%
- idan dan uwanku ko 'yar'uwarku yana da haushin jini, to, damarku na samun jinsin biyu don hemochromatosis shine kimanin 25%
Kuma ka tuna cewa masana da yawa sun bada shawarar cewa an tsara gwajin kwayoyin don iyalan dangi na tare da hemochromatosis, maimakon yin gwajin kwayoyin a kan yara a cikin iyali.
Har ila yau, idan iyaye ɗaya suna da hotunan jini da kuma sauran iyaye suna gwajin kwayoyin kuma an nuna su zama mummunan ga rayayyun halittu na hemochromatosis, to sai yaron bazai buƙatar gwada shi ba, tun da yake shi kawai mai ɗauka ne. Idan iyaye ɗaya ne mai ɗaukar mota kuma wani iyayen yana da mummunar, to, a wani lokaci ɗan yaro yana iya gwadawa don ganin ko yana mai hawa.
Jiyya ga Hemochromatosis
Babban magani ga hemochromatosis shine cututtuka na ilimin likitanci, wanda ke dauke da jinin (kimanin 500 ml) a kowane mako. Tun da yawancin ƙarfe cikin jikin su shine jininsu, wannan hanya ce mai kyau don samun karin ƙarfe daga jikinsu, wanda ke sa yawan jini.
Sauran jiyya na iya haɗa da farfadowa tare da cin nasara da kuma rage yawan abinci, da bitamin da baƙin ƙarfe, bitamin C (wanda zai iya ƙara karfin baƙin ƙarfe), barasa, da rawfishfish (saboda hadarin cututtuka daga kwayoyin cuta a raw rawfish) .
Abin da Ya San Game da Halitta Hemochromatosis
Sauran abubuwa da za su sani game da halayyar haɓakar halayen ƙwayar cuta sun hada da cewa:
- Halittaccen haemochromatosis ita ce tacewar cutar ta jiki kuma ta fi kowa a cikin mutanen da ke arewacin Turai.
- Ɗaya daga cikin kowane mutum 8 zuwa 12 shine mai ɗaukar nauyin hemochromatosis, amma tun da iyayen biyu suna zama masu sufuri, sa'annan kowannensu ya ba da jigon jini don yaron yaron, yaron hadarin hemochromatosis yana da ƙasa ga yawancin yara.
- Idan yaro yana cikin haɗari ga hemochromatosis kuma zaka yanke shawara don jinkirta gwajin kwayoyin, to sai kayi la'akari da gwaje-gwajen jini na yau da kullum (kowanne shekaru biyu zuwa biyar), ciki har da ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe, TIBC, saturation transrin, da kuma matakin ferritin, don tabbatar da cewa shi ne 't tarin alamu na baƙin ƙarfe.
- Sauran nau'o'in hemochromatosis sun hada da hemochromatosis yarinya da kuma hemochromatosis neonatal.
- Kwancen hanta ne don auna yawan adadin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin hanta zai iya buƙatar yin aikin idan yaro yana da ko ana zaton yana da hemochromatosis.
Kwararren likitan jini da / ko gastroenterologist zai iya taimakawa idan kunyi tunanin yaro yana cikin haɗarin hemochromatosis.
Sources:
Heeney MM. Ƙarƙashin ƙwayar ƙarancin ƙarfe da kuma gauraye baƙin ƙarfe akan rikici: An duba. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 01-DEC-2004; 18 (6): 1379-403
Hoffman: Hematology: Mahimman ka'idodin da Yayi, 4th ed.
Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Jinsin Dan Adam. Koyon Dangane da Harkokin Halitta Hemochromatosis. Samun shiga Mayu 2016.
Nelson et al, Cibiyar Ilimin Harkokin Kwararren Ilimi na Amirka akan Bioethics: al'amurran da suka dace da gwajin kwayoyin a yara. Pediatrics (2001) 107: shafi 1451-1455.