Fahimtar yadda COPD ke tasowa kuma yana tasiri hanyoyin gina jikinka
Kwanakin cututtuka na yau da kullum (COPD) pathophysiology shine lokacin da ake amfani dasu don bayyana canje-canjen aikin da ke faruwa a cikin huhu a sakamakon sakamakon cutar. Don fahimtar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ke cikin COPD, koyi game da aiki na yau da kullum.
Yaya Ayyukan Kuɗin Ku
Kuljin kirjin yana dauke da huhu biyu: daya a gefen dama na kirji kuma daya a gefen hagu.
Kowace ƙwayar ya ƙunshi sassa daban-daban da ake kira lobes. Kwayar dama tana da lobes uku; Hagu hagu kawai. Kowace lobe an ƙara rabu cikin sassa da lobules. Hanya tsakanin kwayoyin da ke dauke da zuciya, manyan tasoshin, da kuma esophagus ana kiranta mai suna mediastinum . Hannun tubes, ko hanyoyi, suna ba da iskar oxygen zuwa kowane sashe na huhu.
Yayin da kake numfasawa, iska ta shiga jikinka na numfashi ta hanyar karanka. Sa'an nan kuma ya wuce ta nasopharynx (sashin makogwaro a baya da hanci) da kuma oropharynx (yankin na makogwaro a bayan bakin). Wadannan sifofin sun hada da manyan hanyoyi, wanda aka haɗa da mucosa. Wannan shi ne mai tsabta, mai laushi wanda ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i mai nau'i na gashi wanda zai taimakawa dumi da kuma shayar da iskar oxygen da ke shanyewa da kuma taimakawa wajen kawar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin waje da ƙananan ƙuri'a.
Air ya ci gaba ta hanyar larynx (murya-murya) -a tsarin da ke haɗuwa da hanyoyi na sama da ƙananan hanyoyi - sannan kuma ya sauka ta hanyar trachea (windpipe), wanda ke haɗa larynx zuwa bronchi.
Maɗarin shine ƙwayar iska mafi girma daga cikin huhu wanda ya ƙare ƙarshe a kananan ƙananan hanyoyi da ake kira bronchioles. Tare, bronchi da bronchioles sun hada da bishiya. Masanan sunadaran sune a cikin ruwan alveolar, wanda ke haifar da jakar alveolar da ke dauke da miliyoyin alveoli. Alveoli sune tushen musayar gas a cikin huhu, inda oxygen ya shiga jini kuma carbon dioxide an cire.
Duk waɗannan sifofin aiki tare ne a matsayin motsin ka na numfashi .
Manufar Rikicin
Lakaran suna da launi masu laushi, ƙananan zafin jiki wanda ya ba su izinin shimfiɗawa da ƙuntatawa lokacin da muke numfashi a ciki da waje. Dalilin huhu shine sau biyu: don sadar da oxygen (O2) zuwa sel da kyallen jikin jiki kuma don cire carbon dioxide (CO2), samfurin shararru na numfashi, daga jini. Oxygen, jikin jiki mafi muhimmanci, yana taimakawa jikinka ya juya abincin da kuke ci a cikin makamashi, kuma, kamar kamuwa da mota, CO2 an cire daga jikinka duk lokacin da kuke exhale.
Fahimtar COPD Pathophysiology
COPD yana halin ƙayyadadden iska ne wanda ba shi da kyau. Yawanci, yawancin abin shan taba a taba shan taba shi ne lamarin da ya haifar da cutar , amma sake nunawa akan hayaki na biyu , gurɓataccen iska , da kuma cinikin sana'a (ga kwalba, auduga, hatsi) sune mahimman abubuwan haɗari .
Kwancin kumburi yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a COPD pathophysiology. Shan taba da sauran halayyar iska suna haifar da neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, da wasu kwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta don tarawa cikin hanyoyi. Da zarar an kunna su, suna haifar da amsawar mummunar da ake ciki wanda kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta, waɗanda aka sani da masu ƙaddamarwa na ƙurar ƙura, suna nema kan shafin a cikin ƙoƙari na hallaka da kuma cire ƙusar waje na waje.
A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, amsawar mai kumburi yana da amfani kuma yana kaiwa zuwa warkaswa. A gaskiya, ba tare da shi ba, jiki ba zai sake farfadowa daga rauni ba. A COPD, maimaitawa zuwa labaran motar iska yana ci gaba da amsawar mai cike da kullun wanda bai taba rufe kansa ba. Yawancin lokaci, wannan tsari yana haifar da sifa da ilimin lissafin jiki wanda ya ci gaba da muni.
Yayin da ƙonewa ya ci gaba, ƙirar hanyoyi suna ƙuntatawa, suna zama ƙananan ruɗi da kumbura. Wannan yana haifar da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwarewa da kuma aiki mara kyau - haɗin haɗuwa da ke sa kullun iska ya fi wuya.
Lokacin da mutanen da ke tare da COPD ba za su iya ɓoye ɓoyewarsu ba, suna ci gaba da nuna alamun bayyanar COPD , ciki har da ƙwayar cin hanci mai tsanani , tayarwa , da dyspnea. A ƙarshe, ƙaddamar da ƙuƙƙwarar ta jawo hankalin kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke bunƙasa da kuma ninka a cikin dumi, yanayin yanayi na iska da kuma huhu. Sakamakon sakamako shine ƙananan ƙonewa, ƙaddamar da kwayoyin halitta (jaka-jakar jaka) a cikin bishiya, da cutar kututtuka na kwayoyin cuta , wani dalilin da ya sa COPD ya nuna damuwa .
COPD jiyya
Babbar manufar COPD , ko da wane nau'i na COPD, shine inganta yanayin rayuwa , jinkirta cigaba da cutar, kula da bayyanar COPD, kuma hana COPD damuwar.
Babu wani abu da ke ɗaukar nauyin da ya rage a rage jinkirin COPD fiye da katsewar shan taba . Sauran maganganun magani sun hada da maganin rigakafi (ga wadanda ke da alamun kamuwa da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar), sunadarai masu suturar jiki , corticosteroids, farfadowa na mairosol, gyaran kwalliya , maganin oxygen (ga marasa lafiya) wadanda suke fama da cutar COPD hadu da takamaiman sharuddan, m intervention .
Source:
> COPD. Cibiyar Zuciya ta Duniya, Lung, da Ciwon jini. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/copd.