Tafiya cikin Harkokin Tsaro

Koyi yadda Kayan Gwajin Ku ke Yi

Domin samun mafi kyawun maganin COPD , yana da muhimmanci a san abin da ke cikin cikin huhu. Ayyukan huhu shine a samu iska da gasses cikin jiki. Yi nazarin motsin rai don ganin yadda wannan tsari yake faruwa.

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Hanci da Nasal

Abun hanci shine kawai kwayar halitta na jiki na numfashi. Duk da yake sau da yawa yawan abin zargi, la'akari da muhimmancin, hanci ya cancanci girma sosai. Hanci ya ƙunshi masu karɓa don jin warinmu. Yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da iska take shiga cikin numfashi na numfashi inda aka sake ta, warmed da humidified.

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The Upper Respiratory System

Hakanan na numfashi na sama ya hada da hanci, kofar hanci, pharynx (makogwaro), da larynx (akwatin murya). Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyi da iska ta shiga cikin numfashi na numfashi shine ta hanyoyi na hanci inda za'a sake shi, anyi sanyi kuma yana warmed a cikin rami na hanci. Daga nan sai ya wuce ta pharynx (hanyar tafiya ta iska da abinci) kuma ya ci gaba da larynx, wata hanya ta iska. Larynx kuma yana hana ya hana abinci daga shiga cikin ƙananan fili na respiratory.

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Ƙananan Tsaro na Ƙwayar cuta

Tsarin magungunan ƙananan respiratory tracta sun hada da trachea (windpipe), da cikin huhu, da bronchi, bronchioles, da alveoli.

Bayan tafiyar ta cikin larynx, iska mai iska ta kai ga trachea. Hanya ta kasance mai ƙarfi, ƙwayar Cika mai yalwace wadda ta ba da shinge ta rigidity kuma ta bar shi ya kasance a bude gaba. Yanayin trachea yana kusa da inci 4 kuma 1 inch a diamita kuma yana da sauƙi a yanayi. Kamar ƙananan ƙananan hanyoyi, hanya tana taimakawa wajen tace, dumi da kuma sauke iska da ta wuce ta.

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A cikin shaguna

Bayan barin shinge, fitilun iska ya tashi zuwa bronchi. Ɗaya daga cikin bronchus yana kaiwa ga huhu na hagu kuma ɗayan, zuwa dama. Kamar kamannin trachea, bronchi sun kasance da ƙwayoyi masu ƙwayar C-mai daɗi don su ba su goyon baya da ƙarfafawa.

Ƙarfafa cikin huhu, kowane ƙananan ƙwararren ya rarraba zuwa sakandare da sakandare, sa'an nan kuma zuwa ƙananan hanyoyi da ake kira bronchioles. Ya bambanta da bronchi, ba a yi amfani da mashurin ba a cikin gwangwani mai mahimmanci kuma sabili da haka batun batun rikicewa da hani, kamar yadda yake faruwa a lokacin COPD exacerbation . Harshen bronchioles sun ƙare a cikin jakar iska da aka kira alveoli. Alveoli su ne shafin musayar gas a cikin huhu.

Alveoli ne ƙananan, siffofin microscopic da aka haɗuwa tare a cikin ɓauren inabi don su zama jaka-jita. A gefen alveoli akwai cibiyoyin capillaries (ƙananan jini) wanda ke dauke da jini daga jijiyoyin wasu sassa na jiki. A nan inda musayar gas ke faruwa - ana musayar carbon dioxide daga jini don oxygen daga alveoli. Bayan jinin oxygenated ya bar alveoli, yana tafiya zuwa zuciya, dake tsakanin ƙwayoyin biyu, inda aka rusa shi zuwa sauran jikin. Ana fitar da carbon dioxide daga jikinka duk lokacin da ka fitar.

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Matsayi na Diaphragm

Cikakken shine tsoka mai tsayi, yana zaune a tsakanin koginku na thoracic ko kirji da ciki ko ciki. Daga hangen nesa, dukkan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da diaphragm da mambobi ba zasu iya zama ba tare da kwayar halitta ba. Bugu da ƙari, yana da muhimmiyar rawa a numfashin numfashi, asalin yana da alhakin maganganun maganganunmu, sautunan muryoyi daban-daban, waƙa, da harshe.

Yaya Diaphragm zai taimaka wa Bugawa?

Da yake tsaye a kasa da huhu, diaphragm (DY-uh-fram) yana daya daga cikin manyan tsokoki da ke cikin numfashi. Yana kwangila, yana motsa ƙasa, kuma yana da zafi a lokacin inhalation, wanda ya sa ɗakin kirji ya fadada. Wannan aikin ya haifar da wani motsi wanda yake jan iska zuwa cikin mafi girma daga cikin huhu. A lokacin fitarwa, diaphragm ya sake koma baya, ya dawo zuwa siffar da ta gabata, kuma iska ta fito daga cikin huhu.

Wani lokaci wannan tsari yana tayar da hankali kuma yana kaiwa ga hiccups. Kasuwancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ba tare da haɗuwa ba ko ya zama mai fushi (misali shan giya da sauri ko cin abinci da sauri), rudani a cikin iska, da kuma waƙoƙin murya da sauri ba tare da kwatsam ba saboda saurin iska. Gashin jikinka yana haifar da sautin da ke hade da hiccups.

Akwai bude inda yarinyarku ko madarar abinci ke wucewa daga kirji cikin ciki. Bugu da ƙari, wasu sifofi masu mahimmanci kamar jijiyoyin phrenic (jijiyar da ke jagorancin ƙungiyoyi na kamala), aorta (jirgi mai dauke da jini dauke da oxygen) ga jiki kuma wani ɓangare na kwayar cuta wanda ke dauke da jini mai ciwon gurasar zuwa ga huhu) duk suna wucewa ta hanyar diaphragm.

Kwayar cututtuka da za su iya nuna matsala tare da diaphragm na iya haɗawa da:

• Dama mai wuya
• Bugawa da sannu a hankali fiye da saba
• Ƙananan yanayin oxygen cikin jini
• Pain a cikin kirji, kafada ko ciki

Abin da cututtuka ke haifar da matsala na Diaphragm?

• Lahani mara kyau
• Kamuwa da cuta
• Lupus
• Gurasa
• Magungunan radiation
• Dama
• Matsalar tsarin matsaloli bayan hadari ko rauni
• Rashin ciwon ka

Wadanne gwaje-gwajen Na Yarda Dokar Dokokin Na?

• Chest x-ray: Yana samar da hoto don ganin idan akwai wani tsari wanda zai hana lalata
• Fluroscopy: ainihin lokacin x-ray wanda zai iya ganin yadda diaphragm din yake kwangila da shakatawa.
• Gwaje-gwajen aikin gwagwarmaya : Wadannan gwaje-gwaje na tantance yadda kake motsa iska cikin kuma daga cikin huhu.
• Nazarin Nerve Conduction: waɗannan gwaje-gwaje sun gwada idan cutar ta hankalin phrenic tana aika sakonni ga diaphragm don daidaitawa.

Jiyya kullum ya dogara ne akan ainihin dalilin kuma yana iya haɗawa da magani, kayan jiyya don taimakawa wajen aikin diaphragm mafi alhẽri (misali mai ɗaukar hoto mai kama da zuciya mai kwakwalwa) ko tiyata.

_Sources

_{National Library of Medicine. Diaphragm da huhu. Samun shiga Yuni 15, 2015.}

_{Kitaoka H, ​​Chihara K. Cikakken kwayar halitta: ɓoye amma muhimmin kwaya ga mamaye da mutum. Adv Exp Med Medl. 2010; 669: 167-71. Samun shiga Yuni 15, 2015.}

Edited by Pat Bass, MD

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Tsarin Ruwa

Breathing yana kunshi nau'i biyu: wahayi (kina numfashi cikin, kuma iska tana cikin cikin huhu) da kuma karewa (numfasawa, kuma gasses bar huhu). A lokacin wahayi, katako da ƙwayoyin katako na intercostal sun ba iska damar shigar da huhu. A lokacin karewa, ƙwaƙwalwar katako da ƙwayoyin intercostal suna shakatawa don tilasta gasses su fita daga cikin huhu.