Ya kasance fiye da shekaru 65 tun lokacin da aka fara kwantar da hankalin ido (REM) a 1953 da daya daga cikin wadanda suka samo maganin magani, Nathaniel Kleitman, Ph.D., a cikin bincikensa game da asirin barci. Shekaru da dama bayan haka, har yanzu muna da abubuwa da yawa don koyo game da wannan lokacin barci.
Akwai damuwa cewa damuwa na barci REM yana da tasiri mai muhimmanci akan lafiyar jiki.
Wannan na iya faruwa a wuri na rashin barci, yin amfani da magungunan antidepressant, kuma tare da haɗarin barci. Ta yaya asarar mafarki barci zai shafi ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, koyo, da yanayi?
Mene ne barci na REM?
Ra'ayin ido na sauri (REM) barci yana daya daga cikin manyan nau'i biyu na barci da ke faruwa. Yana da bambanci da sauran lokuta wasu sukan rusa tare kamar yadda ba a barci ba. Mene ne halayen al'ada na barci REM?
Nazarin barcin zamani, irin su polysomnogram , auna nauyin aiki na kwakwalwa tare da EEG , aikin muscle tare da EMG, da kuma idon ido tare da EOG. A takaice dai, barcin REM yana lura da kasancewar kwakwalwa mai kwakwalwa da kuma ciwon ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi. A gaskiya ma, ƙananan ƙwayoyin jiki suna aiki a wannan lokacin barci. Jigun da aka yi amfani da su a idon ido da diaphragm (wajibi ne don numfashi na cigaba) ci gaba da aiki.
Wannan shanyayyen na iya hana yin amfani da abun ciki na mafarki, kamar yadda mafarki mai kyau shine wani muhimmin ma'anar barci REM. Idan ba tare da wannan ciwo ba, yanayin halin barci na REM zai iya faruwa.
Ayyuka masu mahimmanci na barci REM
Bincike ya nuna goyon baya ga ra'ayin cewa barcin REM yana da muhimmiyar rawa a aiki a rana.
Zai iya taimakawa ga ilmantarwa da ƙaddamarwa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, amma binciken ba ƙari ba ne. Musamman, yana iya taimaka wa wani ya koyi sabon fasaha. Misali na wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar zata iya koya yadda za a hau da keke. Ya bambanta da gaskiyar, ko memoriyar memori, irin su haddace jerin kalmomin ƙamus.
Baya ga rawar da yake cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙira, an ɗauka cewa barci REM zai iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen warware matsalar. Za a iya haɗakar da haɗin kai a cikin kwakwalwa, don ƙyale binciken bincike.
Mahimman mafarkai na barci REM suna da yawa kamar kwarewar fim din wanda mutumin da yake barci ya zama mai taka rawa a cikin labarin. Lokacin da abun ciki na mafarki yana damuwa, mafarki na iya haifar. Harkokin yanayi irin su damuwa da damuwa da cututtuka na matsananciyar damuwa (PTSD) na iya tasiri tasirin mafarki.
Idan barcin REM yana aiki mai mahimmanci, hasara na iya zama damuwa.
Maɗaukaki na Dream: Yancin barci, Magunguna, da kuma Hutun Lafiya
Yawancin abubuwa sunyi tasiri game da tasirin barci a kan lafiyar jiki. Lokacin da yawancin barci ya samu don saduwa da bukatun barci, akwai hakikanin sakamako ga lafiyar jiki da jin daɗin rayuwa. Mace barci ba kawai yakan sa barci da haɗari ba, amma yana ganin ya ɓarna da ciwon zuciya, ciwo, da kuma lafiyar zuciya.
Mene ne idan wannan gaskiya ne na ainihin hasara na REM? Ta yaya mutum ya zama mafarki ba'a daina?
Na farko, bari muyi la'akari da yanayin barci . Rikicin barci yana faruwa a lokuta na lokaci ta hanyar lokacin barci. Kowace 90 zuwa 120 minutes, barci REM zai iya faruwa. Wadannan lokutan na iya wuce tsawon minti 5 zuwa 30 kuma yawanci ya fi tsayi zuwa safiya don haka yawancin barcin REM sun samu a cikin kashi ɗaya cikin uku na dare. Yana da amfani don katse lokacin ƙarshe na barci REM a farkawa.
Akwai wasu lokutta lokacin da barcin REM zai iya rage ko bace daga barci. Rashin lalacewa saboda rashin cikakkiyar lokutan barci zai iya haifar da cikakkiyar raguwa a lokacin da aka kashe a REM, amma yawancin dare a barcin REM zai iya haɓaka.
Wannan yana faruwa saboda rashin barci yana iya shafewa tare da ƙarfafa barci .
Amfani da abu yana da babban tasiri a kan barci REM. Wadannan masu sanannun suna sanyaya barci REM:
- Caffeine
- Barasa
- Marijuana
- Opioid (narcotic) magunguna
- Benzodiazepine magunguna
- Magungunan antidepressant
- Lithium
Bayan wadannan tasirin, rashin lafiyar barci, musamman maƙarar barcin barci da narcolepsy , zai iya haifar da lokutan barci na REM. Rashin karfin muscle na REM na iya haifar da tsokoki na iska don faduwa da kuma haifar da tashin hankali da aka gani a cikin barci na barci. Wannan na iya ƙuntata da riƙewar REM. Yayin da aka yi amfani da bugun bugun barci tare da ci gaba da kullun iska (CPAP) , wannan zai iya haifar da babban shinge na barci REM.
Shin Lalacewar Dream yana da Mutuwar Matakan?
Mutum zai iya tunanin cewa yin amfani da barasa da magungunan antidepress, da yawancin barci na barci, ko kuma tasirin abin da ke damun barci yana iya zama mummunan tasiri ga lafiyar al'umma. Abin takaici, bincike bai tabbatar da hakan ba.
Idan akwai wani muhimmin hanyar da aka samu ta hanyar barcin REM, me yasa babu wani abin da zai iya ganewa lokacin da cin zarafi ya faru har tsawon shekaru da yawa tare da amfani da antidepressant na kullum? Ko da batutuwa da ke da lalacewa ta hanyar REM-samar da ɓangare na kwakwalwa na iya samun ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da rashin hasara aiki. Ilimin halitta yana bukatar wannan ya gamsu da barci REM ba a sani ba.
Akwai hanzari ƙara aiki a cikin kwakwalwa yayin lokacin barci, amma ga wace karshen? An kori tsarin ne kawai don tabbatar da cewa suna aiki? Shin wannan furotin ya kwakwalwa ya sake dawowa hankali zuwa safiya? Shin motsawar sinadaran da ke faruwa (musamman da katsewar tarihin histamine, norepinephrine, da serotonin) ya ba da izinin sake saita sabbin hanyoyi da kuma ingantattun hankulan su zuwa ga neurotransmitters? Ko kuma akwai wani abu game da wannan sanannen halin sani? Yana da ban sha'awa don tantancewa da farin ciki don la'akari da cewa za'a iya koyi wata rana.
Kalma Daga
Idan kayi damuwa game da tasirin rashin barci na REM, kai ga likitan likitancin ku na gida. Ilimi game da hadarin da kake da shi, kuma, idan an buƙata, binciken binciken barci yana iya taimakawa. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don bunkasa tasirin wannan tasiri, amma inganta yanayin barci zai taimaka maka kullum don jin kwarewarka.
> Sources:
> Kryger, MH et al . "Ka'idoji da Kwarewar Magunguna." Kwararren Kwararru , 6th edition, 2017.
> Naiman R. "Mafarki: rashin lafiya na rashin lafiya na REM." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences . Oktoba 2017. Vol. 1406: 77-85.
> Rasch B et al. "Magungunan Pharmacological REM barci yana kawar da ingantaccen abu maimakon ƙwarewar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwarewa. " Nat Neurosci . 2009; 12: 396-7.
> Siegel JM. "Ra'ayin ƙaddamarwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na REM." Kimiyya. 2001; 294 (5544): 1058-63.