Tsarin lantarki na zuciya yana kula da ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya kuma yana tabbatar da cewa ɗakunan ɗakuna na zuciya suna kwangila a hanyar da aka daidaita. Wadannan ayyuka suna da mahimmanci da kuma m-alal misali, lokacin da siginar wutar lantarki ya motsa daga atria zuwa ventricles, bambancin lokacin lokaci na goma na na biyu zai iya haifar da tasiri a kan ingancin zuciya.
Tare da tsarin ilimin likita wanda yake buƙatar wannan ƙaddara da ƙwarewar, akwai wasu hanyoyi da za a iya katsewa ko rashin lafiya. Don haka kada ya zama abin mamaki ba cewa cututtukan zuciya na zuciya na iya haifar da wani abu mai mahimmanci.
Wannan yana nufin, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, cewa wani matsala mai muhimmanci a kimantawa da zalunta mutumin da ke dauke da ciwon zuciya na zuciya shine ya gane, kamar yadda ya kamata, ainihin dalilin damuwa na zuciya. Kashewa ko ragewa wannan dalili shine sauƙi mafi kyawun magance arrhythmia.
Sakamakon zuciya arrhythmias na zuciya za a iya rukuni zuwa sassa daban-daban. Ga bayanin taƙaitaccen ɓangaren manyan matsalolin da ke haifar da arrhythmias, wanda aka jera (daga cikin) daga mafi zuwa ga maƙalla.
Madafin Yanayi
Tsarin tsarin kulawa mai zaman kanta , a gaba ɗaya, yana sarrafa ayyukan jiki wanda muke sabawa da hankali game da su, kamar numfashi, suma, da kuma zuciya.
Bradycardias (jinkirin raƙuman zuciya) da kuma tachycardias (damun zuciya mai sauri) yakan faru ne saboda sakamakon overstimulation na (bi da bi) ko murya mai tausayi. Cagabanci na vagal, da kuma bradycardia, na iya haifar da (alal misali), wani ɓangaren zubar da jini, ƙwararriyar ƙyama, ko ƙuntatawa na urinary.
Sakamakon juyayi mai yawa (yawancin adrenaline) daga matsananciyar damuwa ko tsoratar tsoro yana iya haifar da tachycardia mai ban sha'awa.
Trick don magance arrhythmias saboda rashin daidaituwa na rashin daidaito shi ne kawar da hanyar da ake ciki ta hanyar wuce gona da iri ko jin dadi. Wadannan arrhythmias sun tafi lokacin da aka warware matsalar rashin daidaito.
Ciwon Zuciya
Duk wani nau'in cututtukan zuciya zai iya shafar wutar lantarki ta zuciya kuma ya haifar da arrhythmias na zuciya. Abun da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya zai iya zubar da dukkanin ciwon zuciya na arya-daga ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan kwayoyin halitta zuwa ga fibrillation ventricular sosai .
Duk da haka, cutar cututtukan zuciya shine mawuyacin dalilin hadarin gaske. Cutar da ke dauke da kwayar cuta da ta fi yawan kawo cikas ga rai shine maganin cututtukan zuciya , cututtukan zuciya (zuciya tsohuwar zuciya), da cututtukan zuciya .
A gaskiya ma, hadarin mutuwar kwatsam ya isa sosai a cikin mutanen da suka sami ciwon zuciya ko ƙin zuciya ko daya daga cikin manyan manufofin likita a lokacin da ake kula da waɗannan marasa lafiya ya kamata su dauki matakan da suka dace don rage wannan hadarin .
Drugs
Musamman a cikin mutane waɗanda zasu iya samun halayen kirkiro don haifar da arrhythmias na zuciya (alal misali, saboda cututtukan zuciya ko batun kwayoyin halitta), kwayoyi daban-daban na iya zama dalilin da ya haifar da yunkurin arrhythmia.
Jerin kwayoyi da zasu iya haifar da arrhythmias yana da yawa.
Irin kwayoyin da suke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin zuciya na arya sun hada da:
- Digoxin .
- Magungunan antiarrythmic , musamman quinidine, disopyramide, procainamide, sotalol, da kuma dofetilide.
- Cocaine.
- Barasa , musamman ma bayan shan giya.
- Alurar rigakafi , ciki har da erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, da ciprofloxacin.
- Wadannan maganin antihistamines ba tare da suma ba, irin su terfenadine da kuma kayan shafawa.
- Magungunan Psychotropic, musamman haloperidol, thorazine, da methadone.
Kwayoyin Halitta
Tun 2000, masu bincike sun gano yawancin maye gurbin kwayoyin da suka bayyana da yawa daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin asibiti.
Ga jerin jerin arrhythmias na kwakwalwa na yau da kullum da aka sani da su a matsayin wanda aka sanya su a matsayin wanda aka tsara.
Yayin da bincike ke ci gaba, to hakika wasu abubuwa za su kara da cewa:
- Long QT ciwo .
- Brugada ciwo .
- Wasu nau'i na ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya da kuma sutsi na toshe .
- Sashin ciwon sikila a cikin matasa.
- Wasu nau'i na fibrillation .
- Wasu nau'i na tachycardia ventricular .
Matar
Don dalilan da ba a bayyana ba, tsofaffi yana da alaka da nau'i na fibrosis (tsoka) a cikin ƙwayar zuciya na zuciya wanda zai iya haifar da ciwo na sinus na rashin lafiya, ƙuƙwalwar zuciya ko kuma filastillation. Cutar zuciya fibrosis na tsofaffi shine mafi yawan dalili na tsofaffi don buƙatar na'urar bugun zuciya .
Electrolyte da nakasar cuta
Bambanci daban-daban na zazzage masu magani, da kuma acidity na jini, na iya haifar da arrhythmias cardiac. Wadannan cututtuka sun fi yawan gani a cikin mutanen da ke da ciwon koda, da ciwon sukari, suna shan wasu kwayoyi (musamman rubutun ƙwayoyi), suna jin dadi, ko kuma marasa lafiya.
Hanyoyin zaɓuɓɓuka da ƙwayoyin cuta wadanda suka fi haifar da arrhythmias sun hada da:
- Hypokalemia (matsanancin matakan potassium).
- Hyperkalemia (matakan potassium masu girma).
- Hypomagnesemia (matakan magnesium low).
- Hypocalcemia (low calcium matakan).
- Acidosis (jini ma acidic).
- Alkalosis (jini ma alkaline).
Anesthesia
Cardiac arrhythmias suna da yawa a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cutar shan magani. Duk da yake mafi yawan waɗannan arrhythmias suna da ladabi da sauƙin gudanar da su, wasu na iya zama haɗari da wuya a bi da su.
Anesthesia yana da alaƙa da arrhythmias cardiac saboda dalilai da dama, ciki har da:
- Abubuwan da suka dace.
- Hanyoyin lantarki da cututtuka na rayuwa wanda zasu iya faruwa a lokacin anesthesia.
- Rashin hankali a cikin karfin jini wanda zai iya faruwa a lokacin anesthesia.
- Rashin daidaitattun 'yanci a lokacin anesthesia.
- Canje-canje a cikin karfin jini yayin anesthesia.
- Lalacewa na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini yayin aikin tiyata, musamman magungunan zuciya.
Cutar Cardiac
Ciwon zuciya na Cardiac daga duk wani rauni na zuciya, ko kuma sakamakon aikin tiyata, zai iya haifar da arrhythmias kusan kowane irin.
Idiopathic
"Jakadanci" shine lokacin kiwon lafiya, "Ba mu san abin da ya haifar da shi ba." Anyi zaton cewa cutar ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwa ce ta zama ƙunci idan idan bayan bincike mai zurfi, ainihin dalilin ya kasance ba a sani ba.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yawancin arrhythmias da aka saba amfani dasu a matsayin ƙwarewa yanzu an sani sune kwayoyin asali.
Dalili na Hadarin
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don rage yawan hadarin da ake ciki na ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya ta zuciya shine yin duk abin da zaka iya don kauce wa cututtukan zuciya. Hakan yana da dalili mai sauki: mafi yawancin cututtukan zuciya na zuciya wadanda suke da haɗari ko tsangwama ga rayuwar mutum suna haifar da cututtukan zuciya wanda zai iya hana su.
Rage haɗarin haɗarin da cututtukan zuciya zai iya zama kalubale ga mutane da yawa, amma yana da mahimmancin kokarin-ba kawai don rage haɗarin arrhythmias ba (amma mafi mahimmanci) don rage hadarin cututtukan zuciya da ke haifar da arrhythmias a farkon wuri.
Hanyoyi masu mahimmancin rayuwa da zasu iya rage yawan hadarin cututtukan zuciya sun hada da:
- Ba shan taba ba, ko tsayawa idan kunyi .
- Sarrafa ƙwayar cholesterol da / ko triglycerides .
- Samun abubuwa masu yawa .
- Yin gujewa ko magance hauhawar jini .
- Sarrafa ciwon sukari .
- Yin watsi da kiba, ko rasa nauyi.
Yayinda ake karbar daɗaɗɗun arrhythmias yanzu da ake da su ta hanyar jinsin halitta, jinsin zuciya na arrhythmias na zuciya yana ɗaukar nauyin. Kwararrun kwayoyin gwaji don ƙananan ƙwayar zuciya ba a ba da shawara ba ne domin fassara fassarar gwaji a cikin shawara mai amfani bashi yiwuwa.
Duk da haka, ga dangin mutanen da ke da ƙwayar QT, ƙwayar cuta na Brugada, ko arrhythmias da ke hade da cututtuka na hypertrophic , gwajin kwayoyin zai iya zama darajar a yanke shawarar ko za a yi la'akari da maganin ci gaba.
> Sources:
> Fogoros RN, Mandrola JM. Gwajin Electrophysiologic a hangen nesa: Gwargwadonwa da Kula da Ƙwayar Cardiac Arrhythmias. A cikin: Fogoros 'Electrophysiolgic Testing. Wiley Blackwell: 2017.
> Fu DG, Cardiac Arrhythmia: Bincike, Dabbobi masu cututtuka da jiyya. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2015 Nuwamba; 73 (2): 291-296.
> Wilde AAM, Bezzina CR. Genetics na Cardiac Arrhythmias. Zuciya. 2005 Oktoba; 91 (10): 1352-1358.