Abinda ya kebanta na Mutuwar Mutuwa a Matasan
Rigar QT mai tsawo (LQTS) wani cuta ne wanda aka gaji na tsarin wutar lantarki . LQTS zai iya haifar da nauyin kwatsam, wanda ba shi da tsammanin, wanda ya kasance mai barazanar rayuwa tachycardia da ake kira torsades de pointes . Mutanen da ke da LQTS suna da haɗari don syncope (asarar sani) da mutuwar kwatsam, sau da yawa a lokacin ƙuruciyar.
Hotuna - Torsades de nuna. Babban adadi: Zuciya ta al'ada. Ƙananan adadi: Torsades de pointes. "Torsades de pointes" yana nufin ƙaddamarwa a kan wani batu. A cikin wannan arrhythmia, ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya tana da sauri sosai, kuma siffar ƙwayoyin dake cikin ECG suna canzawa sau da yawa, sau da yawa suna kama da nauyin sine-wave kamar yadda a wannan hoton. Lokacin da tsarin wutar lantarki ya nuna halin ta wannan hanya, tofa mai kyau ba zai yiwu ba
Bayani
Mutanen da ke da LQTS suna da tsawon lokaci na QT a kan ECGs . Hanya ta QT tana wakiltar sakewa, ko "recharge," na kwayar zuciya. Bayan motsin zuciyar wutar lantarki yana motsa zuciyar zuciya (haka zai sa ta yi nasara), dole ne a sake dawowa don tantanin tantanin halitta su kasance a shirye don motsawar wutar lantarki na gaba. Hanya QT (wanda aka auna daga farkon ƙwayar QRS zuwa ƙarshen T) yana da tsawon lokacin da yake buƙatar fitarwa, sannan kuma ya sake karɓar sakon zuciya. A cikin LQTS, lokaci na QT yana tsawo. Abubuwa masu yawa a cikin lokaci na QT suna da alhakin abubuwan da suka shafi LRTS.
Dalilin
LQTS wani cuta ne wanda aka gaji. An gano nau'o'in jinsin cewa yana shafar lokaci na QT, saboda haka akwai irin wadannan abubuwa na LQTS. Wasu iyalai suna da matukar tasirin LQTS. Saboda yawancin kwayoyin halitta zasu iya shafar lokaci na QT, da yawa sun bambanta a LQTS.
Wasu daga cikin waɗannan (LQTS "classic") suna haɗuwa da babban haɗari na arrhythmias masu haɗari da kuma mutuwar kwatsam, wanda sau da yawa yakan faru a yawancin iyalan iyali. Sauran siffofin LQTS ("Bambance-bambancen LQTS") na iya zama ƙasa da haɗari. Yawancin wadannan bambancin jinsin suna nuna halin kwastam na QT, kuma ana ganin kullun arrhythmias na zuciya kawai lokacin da wasu ƙididdiga (irin su maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi, ko rashin daidaituwa ta hanyar electrolyte) ya yi aiki don tsawanta lokaci na QT.
Duk da haka, idan lokacin QT ya zama tsawon lokaci a cikin mutane da irin wannan bambancin na LQTS, hadarin arrhythmias ya faru.
Tsarin jima'i
Classic LQTS yana cikin kimanin mutane 5000. LQTS yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da mutuwar yara na mutuwa a cikin matasa, sakamakon haka tsakanin 2000 da 3000 mutuwar a kowace shekara. Bambanci na LQTS sunfi na kowa, kuma mai yiwuwa zai shafi har zuwa 2 - 3% na yawan.
Cutar cututtuka
Kwayoyin bayyanar LQTS na faruwa ne kawai lokacin da mai haɓaka ya taso da wani ɓangare na tachycardia na ventricular mai hadari, kuma matakan bayyanar cututtuka ya dogara da tsawon lokacin da arrhythmia ta ci gaba. Idan har yana dan lokaci kawai, ƙananan sakanni na matsananciyar hankali zai iya zama alama kawai. Idan har ya ci gaba fiye da 10 seconds ko haka, syncope ya auku. Kuma idan yana tsawon fiye da 'yan mintuna kaɗan, wanda ake azabtarwa bai taba sake sani ba.
A wa] anda ke da irin wa] ansu LQTS, wa] ansu lokuttu sukan haifar da burbushi na adrenaline; kamar zai iya faruwa a lokacin motsa jiki, lokacin da ya firgita, ko lokacin da yake fushi sosai.
Abin farin ciki, yawancin mutanen da ke dauke da nau'o'in LQTS ba su taba samun alamun kwayar cutar ba.
Sanin asali
Doctors suyi tunani game da LQTS a duk wanda ya rigaya ya kama shi ko kama zuciya, kuma a cikin iyalin mutumin da aka sani LQTS.
Duk wani matashi wanda yake tare da syncope da ke faruwa a lokacin motsa jiki, ko kuma a kowane yanayi wanda zai iya kasancewa da matakan adrenaline, ya kamata LQTS ya yi sarauta.
Ana gane yawan ganewar LQTS ta wurin lura da wani lokaci mai tsawo na QT akan ECG. Wani lokaci gwajin takaddama ya zama dole don fitar da halayen ECG. Nazarin kwayoyin gwajin LQTS da bambance-bambancensa sun zama mafi yawan amfani da su fiye da kawai a cikin 'yan shekarun baya.
Jiyya
Mutane da yawa marasa lafiya da LQTS da yawa suna bi da su tare da beta blockers . Beta blockers na ƙwanƙwasa tsawan adrenaline wanda ke haifar da samfurori na arrhythmias a cikin wadannan marasa lafiya.
Abin takaici, ba a tabbatar da cewa beta-blockers na rage yawan haɗin syncope da mutuwar kwatsam marasa lafiya tare da LQTS.
Yana da mahimmanci ga mutanen da ke da LQTS da bambance-bambancensa don guje wa magungunan da yawa da ke haifar da karin lokaci na QT. A cikin wadannan mutane, irin waɗannan kwayoyi suna iya haifar da samfurori na torsades. Drugs cewa shafe tsawon lokacin QT suna da rashin alheri kowa. Babban masu laifi sune, a hankali, kwayoyin maganin antiarrhythmic ; da dama maganin antidepressant, da maganin rigakafi irin su erythromycin, clarithromycin erythromycin, da azithromycin. CredibleMeds suna kula da jerin kwayoyi wanda sukan shafe tsawon lokacin QT.
Don mutane da yawa tare da LQTS, mai ba da izinin defibrillator shine mafi kyawun magani. Wannan na'urar ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a cikin marasa lafiya wadanda suka tsira daga kamawar zuciya, kuma tabbas a cikin marasa lafiya wadanda suka yi aiki tare saboda LQTS musamman idan syncope yana faruwa yayin da yake shan beta blockers.
Ga mutanen da ba za su iya jure wa beta blockers ko wanda har yanzu suna da abubuwan da suke faruwa a yayin da ake farfadowa, za a iya yin aikin tiyata mai kyau na katin cardia (LCSD).
Za a iya amfani da masu shinge na Sodium tare da LQTS type 3.
Sources
> Mene ne ciwon QT mai tsawo? - NHLBI, NIH. Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Ƙasar. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/qt/. An sabunta ranar 21 ga watan Satumba, 2011. An sami damar zuwa ga watan Yuli 27, 2016.
> Alders M, > Christiaans > I. Ciwon QT . NCBI Bookshelf; Yuni 18, 2015. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1129/. Samun shiga Yuli 27, 2016.
Moss AJ. Mutuwar QT da yawa. JAMA 2003; 289: 2041.
Li H, Fuentes-Garcia J, Towbin JA. Maganin yau da kullum a cikin ƙwayar QT mai tsawo. Pediatr Cardiol 2000; 21: 542.