Kwayoyin da suka shafi shekaru sune cututtuka da yanayin da ke faruwa a cikin mutane yayin da suka tsufa, ma'anar shekaru yana da matsala mai muhimmanci. A cewar David Hogan, likitan gerontologist, kuma farfesa a likita a Jami'ar Calgary, misalai na cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru sune:
1 -
Kashi na jijiyoyin jiniCiwon zuciya shine lambar kisa guda daya a Amurka, kuma daga cikin manyan dalilai na mutuwa a wasu ƙasashe. Mafi yawan al'ada shine cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini, wanda ya haɗa da ƙuntatawa ko rikicewa na arteries da ke ba da zuciya da jini. Gyara zai iya ci gaba a tsawon lokacin, ko sauri-kamar yadda yake a cikin rupture mai tsanani - kuma ya haifar da hare-haren zuciya.
2 -
Cututtukan Cerebrovascular (Cigaba)Wani fashewa ya faru ne lokacin da jini ya dakatar da tafiya a cikin wani sashi na kwakwalwa saboda rashin rushewa a cikin daya daga cikin jini. Yana da matukar tsanani saboda ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa sun hana oxygen a cikin jini fara mutuwa sosai da sauri.
Akwai nau'i biyu na shanyewar jiki. Mafi yawancin ana kiransu faskewar jijiyar cutar , wadda take faruwa a yayin da jini ya kayar da jini. An kira nau'in na biyu nau'in bugun jini , kuma ana haifar da shi yayin da jirgin jini ya rushe kuma yana cikin kwakwalwa.
Rashin ciwo zai iya haifar da mutuwar ko rashin lafiya mai tsanani, dangane da wurin da kuma tsananin haɗari ko rushe.
3 -
Ƙin jini mai tsanani - Rawan jiniRuwan jini shine ƙarfin jini yana aiki a kan ganuwar jigilar ku kamar yadda zuciyarku ta yi. Yana da ƙananan lokacin da kake barci ko kuma hutawa, kuma ya fi girma lokacin da kake damuwa ko jin dadi - ko da yake yana tasowa gaba ɗaya tare da shekaru. Hakanan hawan jini zai iya haifar da matsala mai tsanani ga zuciyarka, jinin jini, kodan da sauran tsarin jiki.
4 -
Ciwon dajiDaya daga cikin manyan cututtuka ga yawancin ciwon daji, wanda kwayoyin halittu suke girma ba tare da fahimta ba, yana da shekaru. A cewar Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka, kashi 77 cikin dari na dukan cututtuka da aka gano a cikin mutanen da suka kai 55. A Kanada, ciwon daji yana wakiltar babbar hanyar mutuwa ga maza da mata.
Yawancin irin ciwon daji na da yawa a yayin da muka tsufa, ciki har da fata , nono , huhu , gurguzu , prostate , mafitsara , lymphoma ba na Hodgkin , da kuma ciwon ciki.
5 -
Rubutun 2 Ciwon sukariCiwon sukari shi ne cuta wanda zai rushe yadda jikinka yana amfani da glucose, ko sukari, daga abincin da yake yi. A cikin cututtukan cututtuka na type 1, wanda yawanci farawa a cikin mutane a karkashin shekaru 30, babu insulin da aka samar. Mafi yawan yawan ciwon sukari na iri iri na biyu ya ƙunshi isasshen insulin-amma an samu juriya da shi-saboda haka ba a sarrafa glucose yadda ya dace ba. Duk nau'o'in ciwon sukari guda biyu suna haifar da matakan jini wanda ya fi tsayi, wanda zai haifar da matsaloli mai tsanani kamar ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya , bugun jini, lalacewa ta jiki, gazawar koda da makanta.
Mun gode wa yawan ciwon kiba, tare da ci gaba da rayuwa mai laushi da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, irin ciwon sukari na 2 na sama. Abin farin cikin, yin amfani da halaye masu kyawawan dabi'u kamar motsa jiki na yau da kullum , da cin abinci mai kyau , zai iya kiyaye matakan glucose na jini a cikin al'ada, kuma hana hana lafiyar jiki.
6 -
Kwayar ParkinsonAn kira shi bayan likitan Birtaniya wanda ya fara bayyana shi a farkon shekarun 1800, wannan rashin lafiya na nakasa wanda ke ci gaba da haifar da rawar jiki, karfin zuciya, da tashin hankali. Sakamakon kashi uku cikin kashi na kowane cuta na cututtukan Parkinson ya fara bayan shekaru 60, ko da yake shekaru yana da nau'i guda ɗaya kawai. Maza sun fi mata damar samun PD, kamar yadda mutanen da ke da tarihin iyali na cutar-ko waɗanda aka yi wa wasu kwayoyi masu guba. Har ila yau, raunin raunin zai iya taka rawa.
7 -
Dementia (ciki har da cutar Alzheimer)Halin da asarar kwakwalwa ke aiki, damuwa zai iya bayyana azabar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, canje-canjen yanayi, rikicewa, wahalar sadarwa, ko hukunci marar kyau. Cutar cutar Alzheimer ita ce mafi yawan mawuyacin lalacewa, amma akwai wasu dalilai, ciki har da nakasar vascular (saboda rashin jinin jini zuwa kwakwalwa), cutar Huntington , da kuma lalata da ke fama da cutar ta Parkinson. Yayinda yanayin rikici ya karu da shekaru, ba a la'akari da wani ɓangare na tsarin tsufa ba .
8 -
Kwanan nan Cutar Kwayar Wuta (COPD)Kwanancin cututtukan kwayar cutar (COPD) ba za a iya warkar da su ba, amma za a iya bi da su, kuma mai yiwuwa mafi mahimmanci, an hana su. Yanayin yana nuna rage yawan iska a ciki da kuma daga cikin huhu, saboda kumburi a cikin hanyoyi, ƙwallon ƙwalƙashin ƙwayar jikin, da kuma samar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin a cikin iska. Kwayoyin cututtuka sun haɗa da tari mai tsanani, ciwo da kuma ci gaba, da tsawa, da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi. Babban dalilin COPD shine ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin iska kamar ƙuƙwalwar taba (ko dai a matsayin smoker na farko ko na biyu), gurɓataccen sana'a, ko gurɓata masana'antu. Cigarette shan taba ya kasance mafi muhimmanci haɗari factor.
9 -
OsteoarthritisOsteoarthritis wata cuta ce ta haɗari, kuma mafi yawan al'ada. Osteoarthritis yana faruwa fiye da yawancin mutane, kuma ya fi yawa a cikin mata. Kasancewa gamsu ko samun ciwon haɗin gwiwa kafin haɗin gwiwa zai sa ka zama mai saukin kamuwa.
Yawanci da ciwo da ciwo a cikin gidajen abinci, osteoarthritis ba za'a iya warkewa ba, amma za'a iya bi da shi tare da maganin jinƙai ko maganin ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma ta hanyar gyare-gyare na rayuwa kamar nauyin nauyi, motsa jiki, da kuma aikin likita.
10 -
OsteoporosisHar ila yau, an san shi da "cututtukan ƙwayar cuta," osteoporosis yana da lalacewa na kasusuwa, wanda zai haifar da kasusuwa da kasusuwa. Yana karuwa fiye da shekaru, musamman ma a Caucasian da mata Asia. Samun ciwon osteopenia , ko ƙananan kashi mai mahimmanci, ma lamari ne mai hadari. Bisa ga Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Amirka, yawancin matan da suka kai shekaru 50 da rabi na maza a cikin wannan zamani-sun karya kashi saboda osteoporosis. Rashin raguwa kamar ƙyallen raunuka yana da matsala mai tsanani ga tsofaffi, wanda ya haifar da hasara, 'yanci, da kuma kimanin kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na duk lokuta, mutuwar cikin shekara guda na rauni.
Aiki na yau da kullum, cin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin allura da Vitamin D, kuma ba shan taba ba zai iya taimakawa wajen hana osteoporosis.
11 -
CataractsRashin samuwa shine girgije mai ci gaba a cikin ruwan tabarau na idon ku, wanda ya samo asali daga wasu dalilai, ciki harda haskakawa zuwa haske na ultraviolet, shan taba, da kuma ciwon sukari. A cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Lafiya na Amurka, rabin mutanen da ke da shekaru 65 suna da wasu samfurori. Da farko, bazai lura da lalacewa ba, amma a tsawon lokacin hangen nesa zai iya zama ɓarna kuma ya rage. Canji na Cataract zai iya bada shawara don cirewa da maye gurbin ruwan tabarau. Shekaru da suka wuce, irin wannan tiyata da ake bukata a cikin asibiti da yawa a dawo da shi. yanzu, ana iya aiki a matsayin hanya mai fita, sau da yawa a cikin awa daya.
12 -
Maɗaukaki na Macular Degeneration (AMD)Maganin macular degeneration (AMD), wanda ya saba da tsofaffi a cikin shekaru 50, shine mafi yawan dalilin da makanta a cikin tsofaffi. Kamar yadda macula na ido ya cigaba da raguwa, haka ne mutum yana iya ganin abubuwa a fili a tsakiyar filinsa na hangen nesa, kodayake hangen nesa yana kiyayewa. Shekaru yana ɗaya daga cikin haɗari, amma haka yana shan taba, tseren (Caucasians sun fi sauƙi fiye da nahiyar Afirka), da tarihin iyali. Kodayake muhimmancin wasu halaye na salon rayuwa ba a fahimta ba, masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa rage yawan amfani da taba, motsa jiki na yau da kullum, kiyaye ciwon jini da matakan cholesterol, da cin abinci mai cin gashin kanta a kayan lambu masu launi da kifi zasu taimaka wajen hana AMD.
13 -
Jiran LutuRabawar ji yana da mahimmanci tare da ci gaba da shekaru, godiya ga lalacewar gashi a cikin kunnenka wanda ke taimakawa wajen yin sauti. Yana iya nufin sauƙi mai sauƙi a ji, kuma, kamar ƙwarewa bayan bin zance a cikin wani wuri mai daɗi, yana da matsala ta bambanta wasu maƙalai (musamman a cikin murya mafi girma), wasu sauti sun fi karfi fiye da sababbin, kuma muryoyi suna kama da lalata. Yawancin abubuwa banda shekaru, irin su ɗaukakaccen launi da ƙuƙuruwa, shan taba, da jinsin halitta, na iya rinjayar yadda kuka ji yayin da kuka tsufa. Game da rabi na dukan mutane fiye da shekarun 70 suna da wani mataki game da asarar sauraron shekaru.
Yadda za a yi tunani game da cututtuka na Age : Duk da yake tsufa ba cutar bane, yana da haɗari ga waɗannan yanayi daban-daban. Wannan ba yana nufin za ku sami cututtukan da suka shafi shekarun haihuwa ba, wannan yana nufin za ku iya fuskanci waɗannan yanayi yayin da kuka tsufa.
Kwayoyin jiki kamar kumburi, halayyar muhalli ga masu gurɓatawa da radiation (kamar radiation ultraviolet daga rana), sakamakon abubuwan rayuwa irin su shan taba, abincin da abin da ke dacewa, da kuma sauƙi da lalacewa, duk zasu iya hanzarta raguwa a cikin daban-daban mutane.
- Kara karantawa: Fahimtar Tsarin Tsarin
Yawancin binciken bincike a duniya sun kasance a ciki don sanin sakamakon shekarun da ke jikin jikin mutum, don gano abin da yanayi ya kasance wanda ba zai yiwu ba wajen girma da kuma wanda za'a iya hana shi.
Ƙarin Ƙari: Yadda ake binciken Nazarin Tsarin Layi
Sources:
Yankuna 8 na Change Age. Makarantar Bayanan Bayanai na Ƙasashen Siyasa ta Amirka.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/magazine/issues/winter07/articles/winter07pg10-13.html
Tsarar da ake ji game da shekarun haihuwa. Makarantar Bayanin Jaridun Labaran {asashen Waje na Amirka. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001045.htm
Maganin Ciwon Daji da Harsoyi 2012. Cibiyar Bayar da Bayanai ta Amirka.
http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@epidemiologysurveilance/documents/document/acspc-031941.pdf
Cataract. Makarantar Bayanin Jaridun Labaran {asashen Waje na Amirka.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cataract.html
E Sikora, Giovanni Scapagnini, da Mario Barbagallo. "Curcumin, kumburi, tsufa da kuma cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru." Immun Aging. 2010; 7: 1.
Facts Game da Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Takardar Bayar da Bayanin Gida ta Amirka.
http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts.asp
Giuseppina Campisi, Martina Chiappelli, Massimo De Martinis, et al. "Harkokin cututtuka na cututtukan da suka shafi shekarun haihuwa." Immun Aging. 2009; 6:12.
Ciwon zuciya. Makarantar Bayanin Jaridun Labaran {asashen Waje na Amirka. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bayasasaki.html
Tsarin jini mai tsanani. Makarantar Bayanin Jaridun Labaran {asashen Waje na Amirka. . http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/highbloodpressure.html
Osteoporosis. Makarantar Bayanin Jaridun Labaran {asashen Waje na Amirka.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/osteoporosis.html
Dama. Makarantar Bayanin Jaridun Labaran {asashen Waje na Amirka. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/stroke.html
Mene ne Cigabawan Jigilar jini? Makarantar Bayanin Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amirka. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/