Cutar cututtuka, jiyya, da kuma Rayuwa tare da Cutinson's Disease
Mene ne cututtukan Parkinson kuma menene alamar cututtuka? Yaya aka gano asirin da kuma wace kayan magani? Me ya kamata ka sani game da rayuwar yau da rana tare da cutar?
Bayani
Kwayar Parkinson ne cuta a cikin kwakwalwar da ake kira bayan likitan Birtaniya, James Parkinson, wanda ya fara bayyana ainihin alamunta a 1817. Abubuwan da ke cikin manyan alamu guda uku suna rawar jiki (rawar jiki wanda yakan farawa ɗaya), rigidity a cikin kututture ko ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma jinkirin motsi.
Sakamakon ci gaba ne, ma'ana cewa yawanci ya zama mafi muni fiye da shekaru. Amma sababbin jiyya sun samo asali ne ga PD cewa alkawarin ya rage yawan maganin cututtuka na cutar.
Tsarin jima'i
Cutar Parkinson (PD) yana shafar kimanin mutane miliyan daya a Amurka da Kanada. Maza suna da ɗanɗanar samun PD fiye da mata.
Dalilin
Mun koya a cikin shekarun 1950 cewa PD yana da alaka da rashin manzon kwayoyi na kwayoyin cuta a cikin kwakwalwar motsin kwakwalwa, ko da yake muna koyo cewa matsalar cutar ta Parkinson ya fi rikitarwa kuma ya haɗa da matakan da ba su da alaka da dopamine (wadanda ba su da dopaminergic processes) da.
Kodayake mun san matsalolin haɗari da suke haifar da hadarin bunkasa cutar, ba a san yadda waɗannan abubuwa suke aiki tare don haifar da cutar ba.
Dalili na Hadarin
Kodayake kusan kowa na iya samun cutar ta Parkinson, wasu mutane suna fuskantar haɗarin ƙaddamar da cutar. Abubuwan da ke cikin kwayar cutar ba na nufin cewa wani zai samu cutar ta Parkinson ba, sai kawai suna fuskantar haɗari.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa mafi yawan lokutta cutar ta Parkinson ita ce asalin halitta, yana nufin cewa wasu abubuwa daban-daban suna aiki tare don haifar da kwakwalwa yana canjawa da alhakin PD. Hanyoyi masu illa ga cutar Parkinson sun hada da:
- Shekaru - Cutar Parkinson ya fi kowa (tare da kashi 75 cikin dari na mutanen da ke bunkasa cutar bayan shekaru 60) har zuwa shekaru 80, lokacin da ya zama maras amfani
- Jima'i - Mutum zai iya haifar da cututtukan kwayar cutar Parkinson fiye da mata
- Race - Caucasians sun fi kusantar bunkasa PD fiye da Afrika
- Genetics - Samun tarihin iyali na PD ya ƙaru hadarin da ke ciki, kuma daya daga cikin nau'in an danganta shi da farkon farkon kwayar cutar Parkinson.
- Bayani ga wasu sunadarai masu guba
- Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi mara izini (musamman amfani da abubuwan da ke da kwarjini wanda ke da tasirin dopamine a kwakwalwa)
- Mutane da suka yi da traumatic kwakwalwa rauni
Cutar cututtuka
Tun da kwayar cutar dopamine ta yi amfani da ƙwayar tsoka, cututtukan Parkinson na farko yana shafar motsi. Duk da haka akwai wasu magunguna marasa motsi (marasa motsi) kamar yadda matsaloli da yanayi, barci, tunani da magana.
Kwayoyin motsa jiki na hakika na kwayar cutar Parkinson sun hada da:
- Saurin motsi - An yi amfani da kalmar bradykinesia don bayyana waɗannan raƙuman motsi
- Saukewa mai raɗaɗi - Wadannan raƙuman cikewa ana kiransu "nutse-rolling" suna rawar jiki kamar yadda suke da bayyanar mutumin da yake juji kwayar a hannunsu
- Rigidity
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan an gano cewa bayyanar cututtukan cututtuka na Parkinson ne sau da yawa marasa alamun motsa jiki, kuma waɗannan zasu iya faruwa har zuwa shekaru biyar kafin rikici na kwayar cutar Parkinson ya zama sananne.
Wadannan cututtuka na farko da ba alamar motsa jiki na cutar Parkinson sun hada da:
- Rashin jijiyar wariyar jiki (cututtukan cututtuka)
- Tabbatarwa
- Matsalar barci tare da irin nauyin rashin barci da aka sani da rashin tausayi na barci na REM. Wannan rashin barci ya haɗa da mutane tare da PD da gaske suke yin aikinsu; bugawa ko kulle kansu ko abokin haɗin gwiwa don amsa abin da ke faruwa a mafarkansu
Bugu da ƙari, matsalolin barci, wasu alamun alamun rashin lafiyar kwayar cutar Parkinson na iya hada da:
- Wulo
- Halin da ke ciki - Dangane da rabi na mutane tare da PD suna fama da babbar damuwa kuma kashi 30 zuwa 40 na fama da wahala
- Dysfunction da hankali da matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa
Matsalolin maganganu da cutar Parkinson sunyi yawa, amma suna da tasiri a cikin al'ada, saboda idan aka haɗu da " masked faces " na cutar Parkinson zai iya zama da wuya a fahimci abin da wani tare da PD yake faɗa. Sauran cututtuka na yau da kullum sun hada da damuwa na gani , matsalolin urinary , da rashin cin zarafin jima'i.
Sanin asali
Babu gwaje-gwaje marasa daidaito don bincikar cutar cutar Parkinson . Babu gwaje-gwajen jini ko bincike na kwakwalwa wanda zai iya ƙayyade ko wani yana da cutar ta Parkinson ko a'a, kuma ana bincikarsa bisa tarihin bayyanar cututtuka kuma bayan binciken bincike mai zurfi da cikakken bayani. Idan motar motarka (gaji, rigidity da ragowar jinkirin) ya fi kyau bayan yin gwaji na levodopa , to, ya fi dacewa kana da PD.
Jiyya
Akwai, a halin yanzu, ba magani don PD, amma akwai wasu jiyya sosai. Bugu da ƙari, gwaji na asibiti suna kallon sababbin jiyya kuma sababbin hanyoyin da ake samu a kowace shekara.
Yanayin maganin cututtuka na Parkinson ta musamman sun haɗa da hadewa daban-daban. Magunguna don cutar ta Parkinson sun hada da maganin maye gurbin dopamine da kuma kwayoyin kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin kwayoyi da suka hada da wasu magunguna wadanda ke aiki a wata hanya dabam. Rahoton kwakwalwa mai zurfi an duba shi sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan kuma tana da nasarorin wadata da fursunoni.
Yana da muhimmanci a yi la'akari da maganin cututtuka da suka danganci cutar Parkinson, tun da yake wasu daga cikin waɗannan na iya zama matukar damuwa. Alal misali, mutane da yawa da cutar za su so suyi la'akari da zaɓuɓɓukan maganin ciki. Bugu da ƙari, magunguna dabam-dabam , ko da yake ba za su iya kawar da tsarin cutar ba, na iya taimakawa mutane su magance matsalolin da suka shafi cutar.
Ciyarwa
Yana yiwuwa a yi rayuwa tare da PD. Idan kayi amfani da mafi kyawun maganin gwagwarmaya a gare ku, kula da tsarin motsa jiki kamar yadda yafi kyau, kuma ƙirƙira da amfani da cibiyar sadarwa ta tallafawa za ku ƙãra ikon ku kasance mai zaman kansa da kuma rayuwa mai kyau. Ka tuna ku ba cuta ba ne. Koyi yadda za ka iya game PD kuma ba da izinin karɓar taimako daga wasu lokacin da kake bukata.
Idan an gano ku a kwanan nan tare da PD, duba wadannan matakai na farko don mutanen da aka gano da cutar ta Parkinson .
Idan An Bincika da Ƙaunatatattunka
Idan an gano wanda kake ƙauna tare da cutar Parkinson, ba ma bukatar mu gaya cewa PD shi ne cutar iyali. PD zai iya samun tasiri sosai akan dangantaka . Wancan ya ce, idan kun kasance tare da ƙaunataccen kuɗin aiki tare da kulawa da sakonnin sadarwa, zanewar asali na PD zai iya kasancewa lokaci don iyalai su kusantar juna tare da aiki a matsayin wata ƙungiyar ta magance matsalolin cutar a kowace rana.
Sources:
Kasper, Dennis, Anthony Fauci, Stephen Hauser, Dan Longo, da J. Jameson. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Print.
Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatar Medicine ta Amurka. Medline Plus. Updated 10/13/16. https://medlineplus.gov/parkinsonsdisease.html