Ma'anar, cututtukan cututtuka, jiyya, da ƙaddamarwa na Stage IIIA Ciwon daji
Sashe na 3A marasa ciwon ƙwayar cutar ciwon daji ne ake ganin "ciwon ci gaba" a cikin gida, yana nufin macijin ba ya yadawa zuwa yankunan nesa da jiki amma ya yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a gefe guda na jiki kamar ƙwayar cuta. Kusan kashi 10 cikin dari na mutanen da ke fama da cutar kanjamau a lokacin da aka gano asali, tare da kashi 60 cikin dari na mutanen da suka kamu da cutar.
Bayani
Sashi na 3A ciwon daji ya ƙunshi ciwon daji da yawa kuma sun yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph kusa, ko ciwace-ciwacen kowane nau'in da suka yada zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph wadanda suke da nisa amma har yanzu a gefe ɗaya na jiki a matsayin ciwon daji.
Masu binciken ilimin halitta sunyi amfani da tsarin TNM don kara bayyana ƙananan ciwon daji na huhu. Bayani mai sauƙi na tsarin TNM ya hada da:
T - Wannan yana nufin girman tumo:
- T1 - Tashin tumatir ya kasa da 3 cm (1 ½ inci) a cikin girman.
- T2 - Tsari ya fi girma fiye da 3 cm amma kasa da 7 cm cikin girman.
- T3 - Tsari yana da girma fiye da 7 cm ko kuma kai tsaye ya mamaye wani daga cikin wadannan: murfin kirji, diaphragm, jijiyar innervating da diaphragm (tsohuwar jijiya), membrane rufe sarari a tsakanin kwayoyin biyu (maƙalari na intanet), ko ɗaya daga da ƙwayoyin jikin dake rufe zuciya parical pericardium); ko ciwon daji na babban maschus yana da akalla 2 cm a kasa da motar; ko kuma an hade shi tare da rushewa ( atelectasis ) na dukan ƙwayar cuta ko rarraba ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta (s) a cikin wannan nau'i na huhu.
- T4 - Tumor na kowane nau'i wanda ya mamaye wani daga cikin wadannan: sarari tsakanin kwayoyin halitta (zuciya), zuciya, manyan jiragen ruwa, trachea, daya daga cikin jijiyoyi da ke aiki da muryar murya (jijiyar laryngeal), esophagus , vertebral body, ko wurin inda trachea ya ragargaje a cikin manyan manya biyu (carina); ko rarraba ƙwayoyin tumatir (s) a cikin ƙwayar lobe daban-daban a gefe ɗaya na kirji.
N tana nufin ƙwayoyin lymph:
- N0 - Ba a taɓa shafan ƙwayar lymph ba.
- N1 - Turar ta yada zuwa kusoshi kusa a gefe guda na kirji.
- N2 - Ciwon ya yada har zuwa nodes gaba daya amma a gefe guda na kirji.
- N3 - Kwayoyin ciwon daji suna cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a gefe ɗaya daga cikin kirji daga kututture, ko a cikin kusurwa kusa da ƙwanƙara ko ƙuƙƙun wuyan wuyansa.
M wakiltar cutar metastatic :
- M0 - Babu metastases sun kasance M0 - Tsari ya yada (metastasized) zuwa wasu yankuna na jiki ko sauran ƙwayar.
Amfani da tsarin TNM, Stage 3A Kankarar mahaifa ya bayyana kamar:
- T1N2M0 - Ma'ana ƙwararren ya kasa da 3 cm cikin girman kuma ya yada zuwa ƙananan ƙwayar lymph gaba daya amma a gefe ɗaya na jiki a matsayin ƙwayar.
- T2N2M0 - Tsari ya fi girma fiye da 3 cm amma kasa da 7 cm, kuma ya yada zuwa ƙananan ƙwayar lymph gaba daya amma a gefe ɗaya na jiki.
- T3N1M0 - Tsari ya fi girma 7 cm ko ya yada zuwa gida zuwa wani yanki kamar bangon katako ko diaphragm, kuma ana iya shafan ƙwayar lymph kusa. (duba kalma ta sama na T3.) Tsarin yana da girma fiye da 7 cm ko ya yada zuwa gida zuwa wani yanki kamar murfin katako ko diaphragm, da kuma ƙananan ƙwayar lymph wanda suke nisa amma a gefe ɗaya na jiki ana shafar. Tumar yana da girman amma yana kusa da wani jirgin sama ko ya yada zuwa gida zuwa wani yanki kamar murfin katako ko diaphragm, da kuma ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph wadanda suke da nisa amma a gefe ɗaya na jiki suna shafar (duba sama da ma'anar T3.)
- T3N2M0 - Tumarin yana da girman amma yana kusa da wani jirgin sama ko ya yadu a gida zuwa wani yanki kamar murfin katako ko diaphragm, da kuma ƙananan ƙwayar lymph wanda suke nisa amma a gefe ɗaya na kirji suna shafar.
Cutar cututtuka
Ciwon cututtuka na mataki 3A cutar kututtuka mai sauƙi ne tun lokacin mataki na 3A ya ƙunshi nau'ikan cancers. Cutar cututtuka saboda ciwon daji a cikin huhu kamar kara tari , rashin ƙarfi na numfashi , da kuma maimaita cututtuka irin su ciwon huhu ko mashako, su ne na kowa. Gida zuwa yankunan kamar murfin katako da diaphragm zai iya haifar da ciwo a cikin kirji, yadudduka, kafadu, da kuma baya.Tumors dake kusa da hanyoyi na hanyoyi na iya haifar da hemoptysis ( yalwata jini ), raye-raye , da hoarseness .
Jiyya
Yin maganin mataki 3A ciwon daji na huhu shine mafi yawan rikitarwa na dukkanin cutar ciwon huhu a cikin mahaukaci, saboda wannan kungiya ta bambanta. Saboda rashin lafiyar matalauta, Cibiyar Cancer ta Duniya ta nuna cewa duk wanda ke da ciwon daji na 3A ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi a matsayin dan takara don gwaji - nazarin da ya gwada sababbin jiyya ko haɗuwa da jiyya ga ciwon huhu na huhu.
A wasu lokuta, ana iya yin tiyata don cire tumɓir, kuma ana biye da shi tare da chemotherapy adjuvant (chemotherapy bayan tiyata). An samo rigakafi na rigakafi (chemotherapy kafin aikin tiyata) don bunkasa rayuwa a cikin wasu bincike. Haɗuwa da maganin cututtuka (ta yin amfani da magungunan shan magani) tare da maganin radiation ko wani magani ana amfani da shi idan an yi la'akari da ciwon daji na 3A ba tare da iyawa ba saboda yanayin da yake ciki, yadda yaduwar ya yada, ko kuma idan lafiyar lafiyarka zata iya yin tiyata. Ga wadanda basu iya jure wa tiyata ko shan magani ba, maganin radiation ya kasance wani zaɓi.
Yana da muhimmanci cewa duk wanda ke fama da ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, musamman adenocarcinoma na huhu yana da gwajin kwayoyin (ilimin kwayoyin halitta) . Akwai maye gurbin "juyawa" da yawa kamar maye gurbin EGFR , gyare-gyare ALK , da ROS1 canje-canje wanda ya sa wasu kwayoyin cutar ta kamu da cutar a cikin cutar.
Immunotherapy ma wani zaɓi ne mai ban sha'awa ga wasu mutane , tare da wakili na farko a cikin wannan rukunin da aka yarda don maganin cutar kanjamau a shekarar 2015, yanzu akwai kwayoyi hudu. Duk da yake waɗannan jiyya ba su aiki ga kowa ba, wasu mutane sunyi amfani da maganin cutar ta wannan lokaci tare da waɗannan magunguna. An amince da miyagun ƙwayoyi Infinzi (durvalumab) a shekara ta 2018 musamman don maganin ciwon ciwon daji na marasa ciwon daji 3 wanda ba shi da amfani. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da bin cutar shan magani da radiation, an samo shi don inganta rayuwar cigaba.
Faɗakarwa
Cikakken tsawon shekaru 5 na rayuwa tare da mataki 3A ciwon huhu na huhu shine kashi 14, amma wannan ya bambanta a tsakanin magungunan daban daban da aka ƙaddara a matsayin mataki na 3A. Ka tuna cewa kididdigar sun nuna mana yadda mutane suka yi a cikin shekarun da suka wuce, kuma da yawa ci gaba sun faru a maganin ciwon daji a cikin shekarun baya. Akwai sauran daman samun sa zuciya a maganin cutar kanjamau wanda ya shafi wannan a baya.
- Mene ne Stage 3 Zuciya Ciwon Kankara Rayuwa Rayuwa?
- Tamanin Cutar Cancer ta Kwayoyin Tsarin Cancer ta Nau'in da Stage
Taimako
Nazarin ya nuna cewa sanin abin da zaka iya game da ciwon daji ke taimakawa tare da sakamakon. Daga duk matakai na ciwon huhu na huhu, mataki na 3A shine mafi muni kuma tana da yawancin zaɓuɓɓuka don magani. Tambayi tambayoyi. Ku hada da ƙaunatattun ku kuma ku ƙarfafa su su yi tambayoyi. Yi la'akari da shiga ƙungiyar goyon bayan . Koyi game da gwaji na asibiti wanda zai dace da halinka na musamman. Koyo game da ciwon daji da kuma yin tafiya ta hanyar magani zai iya ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa. Tambayi, kuma bari 'yan uwa da abokai su taimaka maka kuma su karfafa maka a cikin tafiya. Yi ɗan lokaci don duba waɗannan shawarwari game da yadda za ku kasance mai ba da shawarar ku kula da ciwon daji . Kuma a nan akwai wasu matakai game da hanyoyin inganta lafiyar cutar kanjamau wanda likitanku bazai ambaci ba.
Lokacin da Kaunatattunka Yaya Cutar Cancer
Idan dan kaunataccen wanda aka gano da ciwon huhu na huhu, tabbas za ku kasance mai firgita, kuma zama mai kula da iyali ga wani da wannan cututtukan zai iya barin ku jin kunya da rashin taimako. Yi la'akari da duba wannan labarin mai taken " lokacin da kaunarka yana da ciwon huhu " don jin abin da mutanen da ke fama da ciwon huhu na fata sun yi fatan 'yan uwansu zasu sani. Ga wasu matakai har ma kan tallafa wa ƙaunatacciyar ciwon daji .
Sources:
Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka. Cancer Facts da Figures 2014 . Atlanta: Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka; 2014. http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/webcontent/acspc-042151.pdf
Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka. Ciwon daji na huhu (ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta) 02/08/16. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-survival-rates
Cibiyar hadin gwiwa ta Amirka kan cutar kanjamau. Lung Cancer Tsarin. Edition 7th. Samun shiga 09/20/14. https://cancerstaging.org/references-tools/quickreferences/Documents/LungMedium.pdf
> Antonia, S., Villegas, A., Daniel, D. et al. Durvalumab Bayan Chemoradiotherapy a Stage III Ciwon Ƙwayar Ciwon Kwayoyin Ƙananan Ƙananan Cututtuka. Jaridar New England Journal of Medicine . 2017. 377: 1919-1929.
Edge, S. et al (Eds.). AJCC Canjin Tsarin Kwayar Cancer. Edition 7th. Springer. New York, NY. 2010.
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Ƙunƙasar Ciwon Kwayoyin Wutar Cutar Kan Ƙasar Kanana (PDQ) - Shafin Farko na Lafiya. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all
Santos, E. et al. Jayayya a cikin tsarin gudanarwa na IIIA marasa ciwon ƙwayar cutar kanjamau. Gwani Review na Anticancer Far . 2008. 8 (12): 1913-29.