Anatomy da Physiology na Diaphragm
Mene ne jikin mutum na mutum, menene aikinsa, kuma menene wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya wanda zai iya shafar wannan tsoka?
Tsarin (Anatomy) na Diaphragm
Cikakken shine ƙwayar siffar parachute wanda ke raba kirji daga ciki. Yana wakiltar kasa na kogin thoracic da rufin ɓangaren na ciki.
Akwai hanyoyi 3 (ramuka) ta hanyar diaphragm:
- Ƙungiyar kwance: ta hanyar abin da jigilar tsuntsaye ta wuce.
- Hanyar da ke motsawa: Ta hanyar abin da aorta, thoracic duct, da azygous kwayoyi suka wuce.
- Ƙaramar motar doki: Ta hanyar abin da baƙon da yake ciki (babban jini wanda yake dawowa jini daga kafafu da ƙananan jikin zuwa zuciya) yana tafiya.
Ana iya ganin diaphragm kamar yadda aka raba zuwa kashi biyu, ko "hemi-diaphragms." (Hemi kalma ne a cikin fassarar yana nufin rabin.) Kowane gefen diaphragm ya kawo ta jiki (jijiya na phrenic hagu da kuma rufin hagu na dama jijiya) wanda ke kula da tsoka. Sukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyi suna farawa a cikin plexus na mahaifa (jijiyoyin da ke fitowa daga cikin wuyansa) wanda ke dauke da jijiyoyin da ke farawa a cikin asalinsu na C3 zuwa C5 (jijiyoyi masu tasowa a kusa da wuyansa ta hanyar 3rd zuwa 5th cervical vertebrae.)
Sakamakon (Physiology) na Diaphragm
Kwanancin yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a numfashi (respiration.) Lokacin da haɗin gwiwar kamuwa da ƙwaƙwalwa ya rage, yana rage žarfin a cikin kogin thoracic, yana samar da matashi wanda iska ta shiga.
Lokacin da diaphragm ya koma, an saki iska.
Yawancin lokutan diaphragm yayi kwangila a cikin hanyar haɓaka, wanda shine dalili da muke ci gaba da numfashi lokacin da muke barci, amma ana iya yin kwangila da hannu. An yi amfani da tsoka ba kawai a cikin inhalation da fitar da tilasta ba, amma a cikin tari, sneezing, vomiting, urinating, defecating (wucewa da motsa jiki), da haihuwa.
Harshen diaphragmatic wata hanya ne da ake amfani dasu don ƙarfafa diaphragm , yana ba da damar iska ta shiga kuma fita daga cikin huhu ba tare da gajiya ba.
Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar da ke Kula da Diaphragm
Akwai yanayin kiwon lafiya da yawa wanda zai iya dangantaka da diaphragm ko abubuwan haɗari na diaphragm. Wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da:
Hiccups: Lokacin da ake fusatar da diaphragm, irin su lokacin shan soda carbonate, zai iya yin kwangila da hannu a sakamakon abin da muka sani a matsayin hiccups. Ana sautin muryar sautin lokacin da iska ta ƙare a lokaci guda da kwangilar diaphragm.
Hiatal Hernia: Yayin da ake raunana diaphragm a cikin yankin da ɓangaren samaniya ke wucewa ta hanyar diaphragm, ana kiran wannan ' yar hernia . Hanyen karen da ke yunwa ya ba da izinin ƙananan tsirrai kuma wani lokacin ma ciki zai wuce daga cikin rami na ciki a cikin rami. Wannan, ta biyun, zai iya haifar da cutar cututtuka na gastroesophageal (GERD) wanda ke haifar da ƙwannafi da nakasa.
Halayen Diaphragmatic Hernia: A cikin kimanin 1 a shekara ta 2000, ko dai ɗaya gefe ko dukan diaphragm ya kasa bunkasa. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, abin da ke ciki na cikin rami na ciki ya shiga cikin ɓarjin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, sau da yawa yakan haifar da ci gaba da ƙananan huhu (hypoplasia na huhu). A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi matukar ci gaba sosai wajen tallafa wa jariran da ke dauke da ƙwayar jikinta, ciki har da daji Dandalin artificial diaphragm wanda zai iya fadada tare da girma zai iya gina.
Gizon daji na Diaphragm: Za a iya kwantar da kwayar cutar ta jiki ko kuma gaba daya saboda lalacewar jijiyoyin da ke samar da diaphragm. Wadannan jijiyoyi zasu iya lalacewa ta hanyoyi da dama:
- Daga matsawa saboda kututtukan ƙwayar cutar kanjamau a cikin kirji (irin su ciwo da ciwon huhu) ko kuma kusa da kwakwalwa ko kwakwalwa.
- Daga ciwo zuwa ƙofar kirji ko a ko'ina tare da rarraba jijiya.
- Daga yanayin yanayi kamar su neuropathy na masu ciwon sukari , ciwo na Guillain- Barre , da kuma dystrophy na muscular .
Lokacin da guda ɗaya na diaphragm ya gurguzu, sai ya motsa a cikin hanyar da ba za a iya tsammanin ba, yana motsawa a yayin wahayi da ƙasa a lokacin fitarwa.
Wannan zai iya haifar da rashin ƙarfi, musamman idan kwance, tare da sauran alamun bayyanar.
Gyara Hoto na Diaphragm
Wasu lokuta an cire wani ɓangaren diaphragm. Wannan hanya za a iya yi wa mutanen da ke da tiyata don mesothelioma -a ciwon daji na yatsun daji (wanda ake kira) - wanda zai iya yada zuwa kuma ya ƙunshi diaphragm.
Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa akan Tsarin da Ayyukan Diaphragm
Abun ciki shine tsoka wadda ke raba katangar kwakwalwa daga rami na ciki kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin numfashi. Mutane da yawa sun saba da rikitarwa na diaphragm tare da hiccups, amma rashin lafiya na wannan tsoka zai iya haifar da matsala mai tsanani. Daidaitawar diaphragm zai iya haifar da asarar asalin da ke jan iska zuwa cikin huhu lokacin inhalation. Wannan ƙwayar cutar ne wanda ake jin dadin shi tare da ciwon Guillain-Barre a yau, da kuma cutar shan inna a baya.
Lokacin da hernia (rauni) ya auku a cikin diaphragm, abun ciki na ciki irin su ƙananan esophagus da ciki zai iya wucewa zuwa gajamin kirji wanda ya haifar da reflux acid da rikitarwa na reflux acid. Ba a yi amfani da tiyata ba don gyara gine-ginen da aka buge shi ba don sabawa matsala ba.
> Sources:
> Makarantar Magunguna ta {asar Amirka. Medline Plus. Diaphragm da huhu. An sabunta 08/16/17. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/19380.htm