Mene ne Anatomy da Function na Bronchus?
Mene ne bronchus (ko ƙwararru, da bronchi) kuma ina waɗannan sassa suke cikin sutura? Menene halayensu da aiki, kuma wane yanayi na kiwon lafiya zai iya shafar waɗannan tsari?
Ma'anar: Bronchus
Harshen bronchus yana daya daga cikin manyan rassan biyu na trachea da ke kai ga huhu. Tashi yana farawa lokacin da trachea ya rarraba ta hagu na dama da hagu (ƙwararren bronchus.) Wadannan bronchi, bi da bi, suna tafiya zuwa kowanne daga cikin huhu.
Tashi na bronchi ya fara zuwa masarar bakin ciki sannan kuma malami na gaba. Wadannan tasoshin sun zama ƙarami kadan yayin da suke rabawa cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin lantarki, ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin jiki, ƙwayoyin ƙarancin jiki, kwallun alveolar, kuma daga bisani a cikin alveoli inda ake musayar oxygen da carbon dioxide.
Turarraki sun kasance da tsokoki mai yatsa tare da ganuwar guringuntsi yana ba su kwanciyar hankali.
Tsarin Bronchi
Madauki na ainihi - Harshen masarar dama ya fi guntu kuma mafi tsaye a hagu, kimanin 2.5 m (kusan 1 inch) a tsawon. Ya rarraba a cikin ƙananan bronchi don shigar da lobes uku na ƙwayar dama.
Masanin hagu na hagu - Masoya na hagu ya karami kuma ya fi tsayi fiye da gwaninta na ainihi (kimanin 5 cm ko 1.5 inci.) Daga bisani, ya rarraba cikin ƙuƙwalwa biyu wanda ya shigar da lobes biyu na hagu na hagu.
Ayyukan Bronchial
Ayyukan bronchi a matsayin hanyar hawan iska don tafiya daga bakin da trachea, zuwa ga alveoli, kuma ya koma cikin yanayin.
Ko da yake an yi amfani da bronchi ne kawai na sassan jiki na dogon lokaci, muna koya cewa suna da wasu ayyuka masu muhimmanci. Alal misali, ƙuƙwalwa a cikin ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa na bronchi wanda ke taka muhimmiyar aikin tsarin rigakafi, duka biyu da rarrabe magungunan kwayoyin halitta.
Yanayi da ke haɗa da Bronchi
Wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya wanda zai iya sanya maschi. Wasu daga cikin wadannan sun haɗa da wasu yankuna na huhu, kuma wasu an ƙuntata ga masararren maɗaurar da ƙananan ƙwayar jiki. Wannan na iya hada da:
Bronchitis - Dukkan ciwon mashako da ciwon sukari na yau da kullum shine ƙananan ƙwayar jikin bronchi. Kwanan baya shine nau'i na cuta mai cututtuka na al'ada (COPD) wanda ya zama abin da ke haifarwa na hudu na mutu a Amurka.
Buri - Idan wani abu na waje ba shi da haɗari marar haɗari, to sau da yawa yana zama a cikin ɗaya daga cikin bronchi. Za a iya tsammanin zato a kan x-ray ta hanyar bayyanar da kwayar cutar a bayan da aka hana shi. Ya kamata a yi amfani da suturar jiki don cire wani jiki waje a cikin wadannan hanyoyi.
Maganin ciwon huhu - Wasu cututtuka na huhu sun taso a cikin ganuwar maski, musamman ma ciwon sukari irin su ciwon daji da ƙananan ciwon huhu da mahaifa . A baya, waɗannan ciwon daji sun kasance mafi yawan al'ada. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, adenocarcinoma na huhu, ƙwayar da ke ci gaba da girma a cikin jiki daga cikin huhu daga hanzarin hanyoyi shi ne mafi yawan kwayar cutar kanjamau. Wasu suna tsammanin cewa cututtukan da ke kusa da hanyoyi masu guba sun kasance da yawa kafin a cire furen, kuma sauran zasu zauna a cikin wadannan jiragen sama na farko.
Ya bambanta, tare da adadin filtata, za'a iya ƙin ciwon daji cikin zurfin huhu inda adenocarcinomas ke faruwa.
Asthma - Asthma wani rashin lafiya ne da ake nunawa da ƙuƙwalwar bronchi , wanda hakan ya sa ya karɓo iska daga yanayin zuwa alveoli na huhu. Daga cikin wasu jiyya, ana shawo kan ƙwayar ƙwayoyin lafiya tare da masu amfani da bronchodilators - magunguna da aka yi amfani da su don dulluɗa maski da kuma taimakawa ƙaddamarwa.
Tsarin Sharuɗɗa na Ƙirƙirar Bronchus da Bronchi
Bronchoscopy - Labaran ƙwayar jiki shine hanyar da aka sanya tube (wanda ake kira bronchoscope) a cikin bakin da cikin maski.
Za a iya yin suturar jiki don nazarin bayyanar cututtuka irin su tari mai rikitarwa ko karfin jini, amma za'a iya amfani dasu don biyan wasu yanayi, irin su zub da jini a cikin hanyoyi, ko cire wani jikin waje.
Hanyoyin samfurin tayi da magungunan dan tayi ne kuma gaba cikin ganewar asibiti da cutar huhu. A lokacin tarin hanzari, ana iya yin amfani da duban dan tayi (magungunan ultrasound) wanda zai kasance da zurfi a cikin huhu wanda ya wuce ganuwar masara. Lokacin da aka gano tsutsa, ana iya yin amfani da wani injin mai kwari a wasu lokuta a karkashin jagorancin dan tayi, wanda zai yiwu ya samo nama daga kwayar cutar ba tare da bukatar bugun kwayar halitta ba.
Pronunciation: bron-kus
Misalan: An gaya masa cewa cutar kanjamau ya kasance a kusa da hannunsa na ainihi.
> Sources:
> Makarantar Magunguna ta {asar Amirka. MedlinePlus. Kwanancin Bronchitis. Updated 04/21/17. https://medlineplus.gov/chronicbronchitis.html