Yin amfani da kwayar cutar ta jiki tare da fibrosis na Cystic
Kila ka ji game da mulkin mallaka na kwayan cuta idan kana zaune tare da cystic fibrosis. Menene ma'anar wannan?
Mene ne haɓakawa?
Hanyoyi yana faruwa a yayin da kwayoyin halitta suke zaune a ko a cikin kwayar halitta amma basuyi tsayayya da kyallen takarda ba ko haifar da lalacewa. Ƙungiyar cinikayya tana nufin kasancewar microorganisms wanda zai iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta, amma ba ga kamuwa da kanta ba.
Samun wadannan microorganisms yanzu, duk da haka, yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cuta idan yanayin da ya dace don kamuwa da cuta.
Muhimmancin haɓakawa a cikin Fibrosis na Cystic
Mutanen da ke fama da cystic fibrosis (CF) suna cinyewa da kwayoyin cutar, musamman a cikin ƙuduri da iska. Idan kwayoyin sun fara samuwa da kyallen takarda kuma suna haddasa lalacewar ko sa mutumin ya kamu da rashin lafiya, mulkin ya zama kamuwa da cuta.
Raunin numfashi na kwakwalwa a cikin mutane da fibrosis na filastis
A cikin mutanen da ke fama da kyamarar fibrosis, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayar cuta ta kwayoyin cuta ta haifar da wani nau'i na musamman na cutar cututtuka na kullum. Mutanen da ke fama da cystic fibrosis suna ci gaba da tasowa a cikin hanyoyi inda hanyoyi masu kayatarwa suka zama mummunar lalacewa kuma sun rasa.
Bronchiectasis shine yanayin da bronchi da bronchioles (ƙananan rassan jiragen sama) suka yi girma, sun kara da kuma rashin ƙarfi. Mucus ya ƙaura a cikin wadannan hanyoyi masu hanzari wadanda suka kamu da kamuwa da cuta.
Rashin kamuwa da cutar zai haifar da karawa, shimfidawa, da kuma yin amfani da hanyoyi na hanyoyi masu guba.
Bayan bayanan bronchi da bronchioles karya alveoli , kananan jakar iska ta hanyar musayar oxygen da carbon dioxide. Lokacin da masanan da ke jagorantar wadannan ƙananan hanyoyi sun rasa rayukansu (daga thickening da scarring) kuma sun kamu da ƙwaƙwalwa, iskar oxygen a cikin huhu basu iya isa alveoli ba don wannan canjin gas ya faru.
Me yasa Rawan da ke cikin mutanen da fibrosis na Cystic ke kawo ƙwaƙwalwar ƙaddara?
Yana da ɗan sarai ko mutanen da ke dauke da cystic fibrosis na farko suna haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin ido ko yin haka saboda cin hanci da rashawa. Duk da haka, jarrabawar huhu a cikin jariri tare da cystic fibrosis wanda basu da ikon ginawa tare da kwayoyin cuta yana nuna wuce gona da iri na haɓaka. Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa ƙaddarar da ke ƙaddara mutane da cystic fibrosis zuwa mulkin mallaka tare da kwayoyin cuta.
Waɗanne nau'o'in ƙwayoyin cuta suna cin gashin tsuntsaye na mutane da fibrosis na filastis?
Yawancin nau'ikan kwayoyin mairobic (kwayoyin da ke girma a gaban oxygen), kwayoyin anaerobic (kwayoyin da ke tsiro ba tare da oxygen) da kuma opportunistic pathogens kamar naman gwari suna cinye tsoffin mutane da cystic fibrosis ba. An yi amfani da kalmar opportunistic pathogens don bayyana abubuwa marasa ma'ana wadanda ba su haifar da cututtuka a cikin mutanen lafiya ba amma yana iya haifar da cututtuka lokacin da "damar" ya tashi, irin su lokacin da cutar huhu ta kasance.
Ga wasu kwayoyin da suke cin hanci da huhu daga mutane tare da cystic fibrosis:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Staphylococcus aureus (ciki har da MRSA )
- Escherichia coli
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Klebsiella
- Prevotella
- Propionibacterium
- Veillonella
- Aspergillus (koyi game da aspergillosis na bronchopulmonis a cikin mutane tare da cystic fibrosis)
Yawancin Irin Daban Daban Daban Daban Abincin Kamfanonin Airways a cikin Mutane da CF
Daga cikin kwayoyin da ke sama, mulkin mallaka tare da Pseudomonas yawanci yana rinjaye kuma kimanin kashi 80 na manya da cystic fibrosis suna cinyewa da wannan irin kwayoyin cuta.
Ƙungiyoyin Tsarin Magunguna da Tsari da Fibrosis
Baya ga pathogens na sama, mutanen da ke da cystic fibrosis sun fi samun karuwa tare da "superbugs" ko kwayoyin multidrug-resistant . Tsarin kwayoyin halitta (kwayoyin da ke da tsayayyar maganin maganin maganin rigakafi) sun riƙe a cikin huhu daga wani mutum da ke dauke da cystic fibrosis yana samun maganin maganin cutar kwayar cutar, kamar Pseudomonas.
Hanyoyi da kuma kamuwa da cuta tare da kwayoyin halitta masu tsinkaye masu yawa suna jin tsoro saboda wadannan kwayoyin sunyi tsayayya da maganin maganin rigakafi.
Me Ya sa Yayi Haɓaka tare da Pseudomonas Mafi Girma?
Masana sunyi tunani da yawa game da dalilin da yasa yawancin mutanen da ke da cystic fibrosis suna da yawa tare da Pseudomonas, ciki har da wadannan:
- Rage ƙuntataccen ƙwayoyin mu'amala tare da rashin aiki na peptides antibacterial
- Tsarancin karewa daga cikin huhu saboda ƙananan matakan da ake amfani da su da kuma nitrous oxide
- Rage maganin kwayoyin cuta ta kwayoyin huhu
- Ƙara yawan lambobin masu karɓar kwayan
Ba mu san ko wane daga cikin wadannan hanyoyi ba ne mafi muhimmanci a kafa mulkin mallaka na Pseudomonas. Duk da haka, yana da fili cewa da zarar Pseudomonas ya riƙe, ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta ta ci gaba.
Mutanen da ke fama da kyamarar fibrosis wadanda aka mallake su tare da Pseudomonas na buƙatar magani na yau da kullum da mawuyacin maganin maganin kwayoyin cutar a lokacin da kamuwa da cuta ke shiga. Abin baƙin ciki, ko da ma irin wannan magani, cutar Pseudomonas zai haifar da hasara mai lalacewa kuma zai kai ga mutuwar mutane da yawa tare da cystic fibrosis. Ƙara koyo game da Pseudomonas a cikin mutane tare da cystic fibrosis .)
Sources
Boutin, S., da A. Dalpke. Samun da Adawa na Airway Microbiotia a Early Life of Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Magungunan kwayoyin halitta da na yara . 2017. 4 (1): 1.
Huang, Y., da J. LiPuma. Microbiome a Cystic Fibrosis. Medicine Chest Medicine . 2016. 37 (1): 59-67.
Ka san JA, Mascarenhas M, Kelly A, Scanlin TF. Cystic Fibrosis. A cikin: Grippi MA, Elias JA, Fishman JA, Kotloff RM, Pack AI, Babban RM, Siegel MD. eds. Cututtuka da cututtuka na ƙwaƙwalwa ta Fishman, Fifth Edition . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015.