Cystic fibrosis (CF) shi ne cutar da aka haifa ta hanyar cututtukan kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da iyawar jiki don ɗaukar gishiri da ruwa zuwa kuma daga sel. Wannan yana haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar da ta ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayoyin huhu da kwayoyin narkewa. Mutane da yawa suna gane cutar kyama kamar cutar kututture amma basu san cewa ƙin gamsuwa yana rinjayar wasu kwayoyin halitta ba.
Ƙunbin shafi CF sun hada da:
- Kwana
- Pancreas
- Hudu
- Intestines
- Kuskuren
- Sassan haɓaka
Cystic fibrosis yana daya daga cikin cututtukan kwayoyin da suka fi kowa a duniya kuma yana shafar kimanin 1 a kowace yara 2500 da aka haifa a Amurka. Yana da yawanci tsakanin Caucasians da yan Saniyanci kuma ba sa aukuwa a cikin mutanen Afirka ko Asiya.
Cutar cututtuka
Kwayoyin cututtuka na CF zasu iya bambanta dangane da mataki na cutar da kuma gabobin da suke shafar.
Farkon bayyanar cututtuka:
- Ƙara yawan ci
- Balan girma
- Hanyoyin kirki, ƙuƙwararru, ƙananan ƙuƙwalwa
- Salty-dandanawa fata
- Mawuyacin tari
- Magunguna na numfashi na yau da kullum
- Dama mai wuya
Ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana a cikin hanyar rikitarwa, ciki har da:
- Baceccen asarar rashin lafiya
- Ciwon sukari
- Pancreatitis
- Cutar cutar
- Ba da amfani
Sanin asali
Cystic fibrosis an gano shi ta hanyar gwada jini, gumi ko tayi don tarin abubuwa ko kwayoyin da aka samu a marasa lafiya na CF.
Hawan ciki
Idan ma'aurata biyu sun san ko ake zargi su zama masu sintiri na kamfanonin CF , za a iya yin amniocentesis ko samfurin chorionic villus lokacin daukar ciki domin sanin idan jaririn zai kamu da cutar.
Jariri
A halin yanzu, jihohin 40 sun hada da cystic fibrosis a jarrabawar jarrabawar jariri . An cire jinin daga goshin jaririn kafin ya dawo gida daga asibitin. Ana aika jinin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje a jihar kuma idan an gano cutar da za a sanar da likitan likita da hukumomin kiwon lafiya na gida.
Yara da kuma Yara
Idan ba a gano ba a lokacin haihuwar haihuwa, an gano cutar cystic fibrosis a cikin shekara ta farko ko biyu na rayuwa lokacin da yaro ya fara nuna alamun gargaɗin gargajiya. Gwajin gwaji don cystic fibrosis shine gwajin gumi. Saboda jiki ba zai iya amfani da dukkan gishiri da yake dauka ba, mafi yawan mutanen da ke da cystic fibrosis zasu kasance da yawa fiye da yadda yawancin gishiri suke cikin gumi.
A gwajin gwagwarmaya, an sanya nau'ikan lantarki a kan fata na fata don ta daɗa gush. An tattara sweat kuma an aika zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don auna ma'aunin gishiri. Gwajin gwagwarmaya ba zafi bane kuma an yi amfani dashi shekaru da yawa don gano asalin cystic fibrosis.
Jiyya
Babu magani ga cystic fibrosis. Jiyya ya haɗa da hadewa da magani, abinci, motsa jiki, da kuma hanyoyin kwantar da hankali wanda aka tsara don sarrafa bayyanar cututtuka kuma ya hana rikitarwa.
Magunguna suna wajabta zuwa:
- Hana da kuma kula da cututtuka na numfashi
- Ci gaba da buɗe iska don taimakawa da numfashi
- Dakatar da kuma cire m mucous
- Taimako jiki sha abubuwan gina jiki
Shirye-shiryen abinci da abinci mai gina jiki an tsara shi zuwa:
- Sauya bitamin da ba za'a iya adana ba
- Tabbatar da cin abincin calories yana buƙatar bukatar makamashi
- Tabbatar da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki don bunkasa ci gaba da ci gaba
- Sauya gishiri da batacce ta hanyar gumi
An umurci aikin motsa jiki da kwantar da hankali zuwa:
- Karfafa zuciya da huhu
- Dakatar da shareccen ƙuri'a
- Inganta jimiri da kuma yanayin jiki
- Ƙara yawan adadin oxygen da aka kai ga kyallen
Dalilin
CF yana lalacewa ta hanyar lahani a cikin gwargwadon ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar transmembrane ( CFTR ). Ayyukan fadar CFTR shine samar da sinadaran da ke sarrafa motsi da gishiri da ruwa a ciki da kuma daga dukkan kwayoyin jikinsu.
Kowannenmu yana da nau'i biyu na fadin CFTR saboda mun sami ɗaya daga iyayenmu. Wani lokaci ma'anar CFTR da muka samu daga iyayen mu mahaukaci ne, amma wannan baya nufin cewa muna da CF.
Idan mutum ya gaji:
- 2 ainihin kwayoyin CFTR: Shi ko ita ba zata sami CF ba kuma ba zai zama mota ba.
- 1 na al'ada CFTR da kuma nau'i na CFTR guda daya: Ya ko ta ba ta da CF amma zai dauki nauyin muni kuma zai iya ba da ita ga 'ya'yanta.
- 2 magungunan jini na CFTR: Zai sami cutar CF.
Rigakafin
Saboda kyakken fibrosis shine cutar da aka haifa, ba za'a iya hana shi ba. Duk da haka, ana iya gano ciwon ƙarancin kamfanonin CFTR ta hanyar saurin jini. Kafin haɓaka yaro , ma'aurata da suka san ko sun yi zaton cewa ɗaya ko duka abokan tarayya zasu iya ɗaukar cutar CF ya kamata su nemi shawara ta kwayoyin halitta don ƙayyade hadarin su wucewa akan cutar CF.
Rayuwa tare da Fibrosis
Ba haka ba tun lokacin da ya wuce cewa yara da kyamarar fibrosis sunyi rayuwa ba tare da tsufa ba. Yanzu, an sani da yawa game da cutar da ba'a san shi ba a baya. Wannan ilimin ya haifar da magani wanda ya ba da damar mutane tare da cystic fibrosis suyi rayuwa mai kyau da kuma samar da kyakkyawar rayuwa har zuwa girma. Mutane da ke zaune tare da cystic fibrosis sun buƙaci ɗaukar karin kariya daga cututtuka. Sun kuma buƙatar daukar nauyin enzymes mai narkewa, maganin maganin rigakafi, da sauran magunguna don sauran rayuwarsu. Maza yawanci ba su da haihuwa, mata na iya zama ƙasa da m amma har yanzu suna iya yin ciki.
Idan Ana Cutar da Yarinyarku
Kwararren likita ko likitancin ku zai ci gaba da ba da taimako tare da taimakon kungiyoyin gwani. Zai ko da ita za ta kai ka ga cibiyar cystic fibrosis a yankinka. In bahaka bane, nemi tsari. Cibiyoyin Cystic fibrosis suna aiki ne da likitoci da likitocin kiwon lafiya wadanda ke da kwarewa a cikin cutar kuma sun fi dacewa don saka idanu ga yaronka kuma sun tsara magani bisa ga binciken da ke yanzu. A tsakiya, yaronka zai ga ƙungiyar masu samar da kayan aiki ciki har da malamin ilimin likitancin (likitan kwalliya) da kuma mai gina jiki. Cibiyar cystic fibrosis kuma wuri ne mai kyau don samun bayani game da al'umma da kuma albarkatun kasa da suke samuwa a gare ku.
Source:
Cystic Fibrosis. Ciwon Zuciyar Zuciya na Duniya da Ciwon Cutar: Cututtuka da Yanayi. Agusta 2007.