Kwararrun likitoci sun haɗu da Klebsiella pneumoniae tare da ciwon huhu da ke shafar mutanen da ba su da gida masu dogara da barasa. Duk da haka, kwayoyin Klebsiella ciwon huhu ne mafi yawan lokuta a asibiti da kuma babbar hanyar ciwon kamuwa da nosocomial. ("Nosocomial" shine likitan likita kuma yana nufin cututtukan da ke samo asibiti.)
Klebsiella pneumoniae wani igiya ne wanda ke da ƙwaya a cikin wani matashi mai suna polysaccharide capsule.
A wani bayanin da aka danganta, wannan matsurar murya yana sa kwayoyin wuya suyi maganin maganin rigakafi.
A kashi biyar cikin dari na yawan jama'a, Klebsiella pneumoniae yana zaune a cikin gut (feces) da kuma na numfashi. Ba kamar E. coli ba , wasu kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta (enteric), Klebsiella ana samuwa a cikin tafkiyoyin muhalli kamar ruwa, ruwa da ruwa. Yana da jiki ta jiki ta hanyar endotoxin dake cikin kwayoyin kuma ba ta wani (excreted) exotoxin ba.
Kamar yadda zaku iya fitowa daga sunansa, Klebsiella pneumoniae na iya haifar da cutar kwayan cuta. Ciwon huhu shi ne kamuwa da cutar huhu wanda zai haifar da zafin jiki, jin zafi, rashin ƙarfin numfashi, gajiya da kuma ƙarin. Yawanci, Klebsiella ciwon huhu ba shi da wata rare sai dai daga cikin 'yan kungiyar da ke dogara da barasa.
Klebsiella yawan ciwon huhu yana haifar da lobe na sama mafi kyau da kuma sakamako a cikin cavitation da pyogenic (aka tura-producing) nama nama (aka necrosis); wannan farfasa ilimin lissafi yana bayyana akan rayukan kirji.
A cikin saitunan asibiti, Klebsiella pneumoniae zai iya tashi daga gut kuma ya haifar da kamuwa da cutar urinary ko kamuwa da shi ta hanyar urinary catheter. Bugu da ƙari, musamman ma a tsakanin yara a asibiti a cikin Pediatric ICU (PICU), Klebsiella pneumoniae na iya haifar da kamuwa da cutar jini (watau cutar) da kuma girgizar jiki.
Daga bayanin kula, akwai alamu na Klebsiella pneumoniae wanda ke haifar da mummunan cututtuka: Klebsiella ozaenae da Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. Rashin kamuwa da Klebsiella ozaenae zai iya haifar da saɓo mai ƙyama (atrophy) na ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Kadan kamar haka, Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis yana haifar da rhinoscleroma, mummunar ƙumburi na hanci da ƙura.
A ganewar asali na Klebsiella pneumoniae ya dogara ne akan tarihin likita, gwajin jiki, gwajin gwaji (tunani x-ray) da gwajin gwajin. A lokacin da zai yiwu, likitoci sun fi so su bi Klebsiella pneumoniae tare da quinolones ko na uku- ko hudu-ƙarfe cephalosporins. Duk da haka, wasu cututtuka na Klebsiella pneumoniae suna da tsayayya ga maganin maganin rigakafi, kuma dole ne a bincika bayanan gwajin kwayar cutar yayin gwajin da magance cutar.
Da farko a cikin shekarun 1970s, damuwa na Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant zuwa aminoglycosides fara kama. Wadannan sauye-sauyen sun biyo baya da beta-lactamase bakanar da ke samar da Klebsiella waɗanda suka kasance masu maganin penicillin da cephalosporins.
Kwanan nan, matsalolin Klebsiella-resistant sun fi girma a cikin asibitoci. Carbapenems su ne maganin maganin rigakafi mai karfi wanda ake amfani dasu a matsayin magani na karshe.
Gaskiyar cewa Klebsiella ta yi tsayayya don tsayayya da wadannan kwayoyi masu damuwa da 'yan kungiyar likita.
Saboda Klebsiella pneumoniae mafi sau da yawa yakan sa kamuwa da cuta a marasa lafiya marasa lafiya-musamman ma wadanda suka kasance a asibitin da dogon lokaci kuma sun raunana tsarin (watau ICU) - yana da muhimmanci cewa masu kula da lafiyar marasa lafiya suyi mafi kyau don rage girman kwayoyin cutar.
Bugu da ƙari, kiyaye kayan kiwon lafiya mai tsabta kuma rage tsawon lokacin da aka ajiye masu zama a cikin gida, wanke hannu shine babban kariya daga kamuwa da cuta. Ko da yake ƙaunataccen ziyartar aboki ko dan uwansa a asibiti, yana da kyakkyawan ra'ayin da za a wanke hannunka da kuma kashe kayan aikin likita.
A bayanin ƙarshe, na tsawon shekaru 40, masu bincike sun nema maganin alurar rigakafi don hana kamuwa da cutar Klebsiella pneumoniae. A halin yanzu, akwai kungiyoyin masu zaman kansu da dama masu aiki a irin wannan maganin alurar riga kafi.
Sources:
Mataki mai taken "Ƙaddamar da gwaje-gwajen rigakafi da Klebsiella pneumonia" by TA Ahmad da mawallafin marubuta da aka buga a Vaccine a shekarar 2012.
Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Mietzner TA. Babi na 15. Shigar Tsarin Kasuwanci (Enterobacteriaceae). A cikin: Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Mietzner TA. eds. Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg na Medical Biology, 26th. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013.
Litattafan Levinson W. Brief Summary of Organics Muhimmancin Halitta. A cikin: Levinson W. eds. Review na Medical Biology da Immunology, 13th. New York, NY:
Mataki mai taken "Klebsiella spp. kamar yadda Nosocomial Pathogens: Cutar ilimin cututtuka, Hanya, Hanyar Kwafa, da kuma Hanyar Tsarin Mulki "by R Podschun da U Ullmann sun wallafa a Clinical Microbiology Reviews.