Duk da ci gaba a kimiyyar kiwon lafiya da fahimtarmu game da cutar HIV, cutar da ke haifar da cutar AIDS, a Amurka shi ne sau da yawa yanayin da kwayar cutar HIV da kwayar cutar HIV ba su daidaita ba. Yawancin jihohi sun kafa dokoki, wasu daga cikinsu zasu iya haifar da hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku har zuwa shekaru 20, ko bayyanar cutar HIV ta faru ko a'a.
Bisa ga Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta Amurka (CDC), yawan dokoki 67 ne a jihohi 32 da aka mayar da hankali ga mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV a shekarar 2011.
A cikin jihohi 24, an bukaci mai kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV ya bayyana halin su ga ma'aurata. Jihohi goma sha huɗu suna buƙatar bayyanawa kamfanonin HIV a matsayin abokan tarayya, kuma jihohi 25 na ci gaba da aikata laifukan da ba su da hatsari wajen watsa kwayar cutar HIV.
Yawancin sharu]] an da ake yi wa HIV, a halin yanzu, an kafa su ne, ta hanyar majalisar dokoki, wanda ba ta da ha] in gwiwar samun ci gaba da sauri, da rashin fahimtar-ko yin watsi da kar ~ uwa-ka'idoji na watsawa ko hadarin . A wasu jihohi, dokokin suna nuna rashin nuna bambanci game da mata (aikata laifin karuwanci, amma ba abokin ciniki ba), akan maza (da aka bayyana a fili kamar yadda ake samo maniyyi), ko kuma a kan kurkuku (yin zancen ayyukan da jama'a ba za a iya yankewa ba. ).
Koda a jihohi kamar Texas, wanda ba shi da wani laifi na musamman na kwayoyin cutar HIV, an yanke hukunci akan waɗanda aka dauke da kwayar cutar HIV.
A shekara ta 2008, an kamu da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar HIV a cikin ido na 'yan sanda, wani mataki wanda aka ba shi hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 35 a gidan kurkuku-sakamakon sakamakon ka'ida na Texas, har da shekaru 10 mummunan hare-hare tare da makamin "makami".
HIV Hukumomin Shari'a ta Jihar
(Lura cewa jagorar mai zuwa yana nufin samar da taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen hukunce-hukuncen dokokin HIV na kowace jiha, kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da shi a matsayin batun shari'a ba.
Jerin ba ya haɗa da dokoki ko ka'idodin da suka danganci watsawa na cutar marasa lafiya , wanda a wasu jihohin za'a iya azabta shi da hukuncin kisa da / ko kurkuku. Cikakken rajista na Dokokin HIV na Jihar yana samuwa a kan layi daga CDC.)
| Jihar | An yi la'akari da laifi a cikin mutanen da ke da cutar HIV | Misdemeanor | Felony |
| Alabama | Yi hankali a cikin aikace-aikacen da zai iya nuna wani mutum zuwa HIV. | Class C | - |
| Alaska | Bayyana mutum ga hadarin ko jin tsoron cutar HIV a yayin aikata laifuka. | - | Ƙila ƙyale ƙarin ƙaddamarwa a yayin da aka yi masa laifi |
| Arkansas | Mai yiwuwa yana nuna wani mutum zuwa HIV ta hanyar jini ko ta hanyar jima'i da ko ba tare da maniyyi ba. | - | Class A |
| Rashin bayyana kansa / HIV a matsayin likita ko likita . | Class A | - | |
| California | Yayi bada kyauta ga ruhun jiki, gabobin jiki, ko jikin mutum. | - | Kisa da hukuncin kisa biyu, hudu, ko shida |
| Rashin bayyana ainihin kamuwa da HIV, tare da niyyar haɗuwar wani mutum ta hanyar jima'i ba tare da kulawa ba . | - | Shan hukunci ta hukuncin uku, biyar, ko takwas | |
| Haɗu da karuwanci bayan wani laifin da ya shafi jima'i. | - | Ee | |
| Colorado | Ko dai ya shiga karuwanci ko ya nuna karuwanci, tare da cikakken sani game da yanayin HIV. | - | Class 5/6 |
| Florida | Haɗuwa cikin jima'i ba tare da fara nunawa a matsayin kamuwa da cutar HIV ba kuma karɓar yarda. | Digiri na uku | |
| Sanarwar kyauta jini, gabobin, ko jikin mutum. | - | Digiri na uku | |
| Georgia | Haɗuwar jima'i ba tare da fara samun izini ba; hannun jari ; ya shiga karuwanci; ko don bayar da gudummawa ga jiki, gabobin, ko jikin mutum. | - | Shankuwar da ba ta wuce shekaru 10 ba |
| Yarda da wani hari a kan 'yan sanda ko ma'aikata na gyare-gyare tare da niyya na aikawa da kwayar cutar ta HIV ta hanyar jini, da iska, ko kowane irin jiki. | - | Ee | |
| Idaho | Sanarwar ba da gudummawar jikin jiki, gabobin jiki ko jikin mutum . | - | Ee |
| Illinois | Mai yiwuwa yana nuna wani mutum zuwa HIV ta hanyar hulɗa mai kyau; bayar da gudummawar jiki, gabobin jiki, ko jikin mutum; ko kuma ya shiga cikin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi marar lafiya. | - | Class 2 |
| Indiana | Sanin bada kyauta jini ko jini. | - | Class C don aikata laifin da Class A idan watsawar ya auku |
| Bayar da baturi a kan wani jami'in 'yan sanda, jami'in gyarawa, ko wani mutum da ke da jiki ko ruɓaɓɓen jiki. | - | Class D don aikata laifin; Kashi na C idan mutumin bai san cewa jikin jiki ko sharar gida ba cutar HIV ne; da kuma Class A idan watsawar ke faruwa | |
| Iowa | Mai yiwuwa yana nuna wani mutum zuwa HIV ta hanyar jima'i; bayar da gudummawar jiki, gabobin jiki ko jikin mutum; ko shiga cikin raba hanyar amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi. | - | Class B |
| Kansas | Yin ganganci yana nufin yaduwa da wani mutum ta hanyar jima'i, rabawa mai bala'i, ko bayar da ruwa, jiki, ko jikin mutum. | Class A | - |
| Kentucky | Yarda da karuwanci, karuwancin karuwanci, ko ƙoƙari don ba da gudummawar gabobin ko jikin mutum (amma ba jini ba) | - | Class D |
| Louisiana | Hakan yana iya nuna mutum zuwa HIV ta hanyar jima'i ba tare da fara samun izini ba, ko kuma ya haifar da lahani ta hanyar "yadawa, jinginawa, yin kwakwalwa tare da abu mai cutar AIDS, ko jefa jini ko wasu abubuwa na jiki" a wani mutum. | - | An hukunta shi tarar kudi fiye da $ 5,000, ko lokacin kurkuku har zuwa shekaru 10. Idan wanda aka azabtar ya zama jami'in tsaro, za a iya ƙara azabar. |
| Maryland | Tashin hankali yana ciwo ko ƙoƙari ya harba wani mutum. | Ƙaddar da hukunci ta wata kalma ba fiye da shekaru uku ba ko dala na $ 2,500, ko duka biyu | |
| Michigan | Haɗuwa cikin jima'i na jima'i (ciki har da jima'i jima'i) ba tare da fara samun izini ba. | - | Ee |
| Mississippi | Bayyana sane wani mutum ko Bayyana wani jami'in gyare-gyare, mai baƙo zuwa wurin gyara, ko wani fursunoni | - | Felony |
| Missouri | Sanarwar kyauta jini, gabobin, ko jikin mutum; ko gabatar da wani zuwa HIV ta hanyar jima'i ba tare da fara samun izini ba. | - | Class B felony da Class A idan watsa ya faru |
| Montana | Yarda bayyana wani mutum HIV ta hanyar jima'i. | Ee | - |
| Nevada | Yin hankali a cikin halin da aka yi nufin ko zai iya watsa kwayar cutar HIV, ko kuma yin karuwanci bayan ya gwada HIV. | - | Class B |
| New Jersey | Haɗin shiga jima'i ba tare da an sanar dashi ba. | - | Digiri na uku |
| New York | Haɗuwa da jima'i tare da wani mutum. | Ee | - |
| North Carolina | Hankali yana canja wurin ruwan jiki ga wani mutum. | - | Kashe Aikin jima'i |
| Ohio | Sanye yana canja jini ga wani mutum don manufar transfusion. | - | Mataki na 4 |
| Oklahoma | Haɗuwa da karuwanci ko sananne yana shiga cikin hali inda za a iya canzawa cikin jiki zuwa wani mutum. | - | Ta hukunta shi ta wata kalma ba fiye da shekaru biyar ba |
| Bayyana wani mutum (ciki har da abokin aure) ga HIV. | - | Ee | |
| Pennsylvania | Ya sa wani fursuna a cikin wurin gyarawa don samun haɗuwa tare da gubar jikinka | - | Hanya na biyu (ko kisan mutum na biyu na kisan gillar laifin yana kan mutuwar mutuwa ko an riga an yanke masa hukumcin ɗaurin kurkuku) |
| Yarda da karuwanci, karuwanci, ko inganta karuwa wanda ke dauke da cutar HIV. | - | Digiri na uku | |
| South Carolina | Hanyar yin jima'i da wani mutum ba tare da fara samun izini ba; ya shiga karuwanci; ta tilasta wa mace ta shari'a ta yi jima'i; hannun jari; ko don bayar da gudummawa ga jiki, gabobin jiki, ko jikin mutum. | - | Shan hukunci ta wata kalma ba fiye da shekaru 10 ba ko kuma fiye da $ 5,000 (ko da yake izinin sanarwar yana iya ɗauka matsayin kyauta) |
| Dakota ta kudu | Haɗuwa cikin jima'i; bayar da gudummawar jiki, gabobin jiki, ko jikin mutum; ya shiga cikin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi marar lafiya; ko kuma ganganci sa wani ya shiga hulɗa da jini ko maniyyi. | - | Class 3 |
| Tennessee | Sanin shiga cikin "saduwa da juna" tare da wani mutum; ya shiga cikin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi marar lafiya; ko don bayar da gudummawa ga jiki, gabobin jiki, ko jikin mutum. | - | Class C |
| Utah | Haɗuwa da karuwanci ko karuwanci. | - | Digiri na uku |
| Virginia | Yayi jima'i cikin jima'i (ciki har da jima'i jima'i) tare da niyyar haɗuwa da wani mutum ko bada jigilar jiki, gabobin jiki, ko jikin mutum | - | Class 6 |
| Haɗuwa da jima'i (ciki har da jima'i jima'i) ba tare da bayyana farko da cutar HIV ba . | Class 1 | Digiri na uku | |
| Washington | Yayi nufin ƙaddara cutar ta jiki ta hanyar yadawa ko aikawa da kwayar cutar HIV zuwa wani mutum | - | Class A hari |
> Sources:
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka na Amurka (CDC). "Dokokin HIV." Atlanta, Jojiya; sabunta Yuli 15, 2013.
> Cibiyar Cibiyar HIV da Dokoki ta HIV, Dokoki da Dokoki na Tarayya da Sharuɗɗa Daga Mayu 2015