Duk da Dokar Haramtacciyar Rubuce-Rubuce-Rubuce-Rubuce-Rubuce-Rubuce-Rubuce-Rubuce, ta hanyar Biyan Tambaya
Ranar 12 ga watan Nuwambar 2013, Shugaba Barack Obama ya sanya hannu a kan Dokar Dokar Kasuwancin Manufofin HIV (Dokar Fata) wadda ta ba da izini don bayar da gudunmawar kwayoyin cutar HIV a ko dai (a) mai karɓar cutar HIV ko tabbatacce (b) mutum mai shiga a binciken bincike na likita wanda ya ba da izini don amfani da kwayoyin cutar HIV a karkashin dokokin da ka'idojin Dokar Hope.
Dokar Hope ta sauya tsarin Organ Transplant Amendments na 1988, wanda ya hana wadannan kyaututtuka saboda damuwa game da jigilar kwayoyi , kwayoyin halitta, kamuwa da cuta , da kuma sauran al'amurran da suka iya rage yawan amfani da irin wannan shinge. Sabuwar doka ta zo a lokacin da ake buƙatar safarar kwayoyin halitta ba shakka ba zai fi girma ba, musamman tare da ƙananan ƙwayar zuciya , hanta, koda da kuma sauran cututtuka da ke cutar da yawan jama'ar HIV .
Dokar ta kuma yarda da ingancin haɗuwa da maganin rigakafi (ART) don tabbatar da kawar da cutar HIV a cikin magoya bayanta da mai karɓa, da damuwa da damuwa a baya da dangantaka da dasawa.
Dokar, wanda Sanata Barbara Boxer na California ya gabatar, an kuma gani a matsayin hanyar da za ta taimakawa wajen magance wadanda ba su dauke da kwayar cutar HIV ba a kan jerin jerin abubuwan da ake sa ido. Gwargwadon ya haifar da sanarwar a Fabrairu na 2016 cewa Makarantar Medicine na John Hopkins zai zama na farko da za a fara suturar kwayoyin daga mutum daya daga cikin kwayoyin cutar HIV.
Me yasa Dokar Dokar Mahimmanci
Bayan kawar da jigilar jiragen ruwa na jiragen ruwa da kuma magance babban bukatar da aka bayar na bayar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin yawan kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV, Dokar Fata ta ga mutane da yawa sune farkon mataki na kawar da tsinkaye na likita a kan mutanen da ke zaune tare da cutar AIDS. Ya bayyana a sarari cewa, a cikin wannan zamani na shafukan na zamani, jin tsoron ƙarfafawa ya zama daidai lokacin da aka kwatanta da yawan mutuwar da kwayar cutar HIV ta haifar.
Bisa ga Dokar Hope, ba bisa ka'ida ba ne don nazarin kwayoyin cutar HIV dauke da kwayar cutar a karkashin bincike na bincike-binciken asibiti-wani tunani na mummunan kimiyya da makantar da hankali wanda ya gurgunta yawancin dokokin da ake tunanin "kare" jama'a (ciki har da har yanzu da kuma mai yawa-soki gay jini ban a Amurka)
Kamar yadda yake tare da samfurin jini, sassan jiki a cikin Amurka suna ƙaddara sosai. Sakamakon zamani, gwaje-gwaje mai zurfi na kwayar cutar HIV ya tabbatar da cewa babu wani mai cutar HIV wanda zai iya samun kwayar cutar daga mutum mai cutar HIV. A halin yanzu, duk kayan sadaukar da kayan jiki da kayan jiki suna karewa ta atomatik ga HIV, ciwon hauka B (HBV) da kuma ciwon haifa C (HCV) bisa ga Dokar Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a (PHS) ta 1994 (PHS) don hana ƙwarowar cutar ta jiki ta hanyar sākewa.
Amfani da Dokar Hope ta Tambaya
A watan Satumba na 2014, masu bincike daga Jami'ar Pennsylvania sun gudanar da bincike na farko akan tasirin Dokar Hope, suna nazarin lafiyar mahaifiyar 578, wadanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV.
Binciken, wanda aka tsara don zama wakilci na gabar gabar jiki a yankin Philadelphia, ya ƙunshi marasa lafiya da shekaru 53 da haihuwa, 68% daga cikinsu akwai maza da 73% daga cikinsu asalin Amurka.
Tare da ƙididdigar CD4 na tsakiya da 319 da nauyin kayan kyamarar cutar bidiyo , an dauki kungiyar ta zama masu bada taimako, tare da wasu ƙananan cututtuka (4); 'yan rubuce-rubuce sunaye maye gurbin miyagun kwayoyi (2); da kuma 'yan kaɗan, daga bisani bayan sun mutu (6).
Binciken da aka gabatar a taron 54 na Interscience a kan Masanan Antimicrobial da Chemotherapy (ICAAC) a Birnin Washington, DC, ya tabbatar da cewa kungiya ta iya samar da kodin da bakwai da tara daga shekara ta 2009 zuwa 2014, tare da mafiya yawancin wadanda aka cire a ƙarƙashin tsarin tsararraki mai tsabta. . Wadannan sun hada da:
- 260 ban da ba a asibiti ba a lokacin mutuwarsu.
- 87 cire saboda ba a rubuta takarda kwakwalwa ba.
- 75 cire don samun wani dalilin da bai san dalilin mutuwar ba.
- 70 ba a rage ba saboda rashin lafiya a lokacin mutuwarsu.
- 63 cire saboda rashin kasancewa a cikin iska mai inganci.
- 13 cire don ciwon ciwon sukari, hauhawar jini, HCV, cirrhosis, ko cututtukan koda.
- 3 cire don samun malignancy.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙirar kwamfuta ta ƙayyade ƙaddarar kashi 50% kawai cikin ƙwayar kaya bisa ga ingancin gabobin a cikin ɗakin da aka ba da kyauta. Ya bambanta, yawan shekaru masu haɓaka da hanta na hanta shekaru uku sun kasance mafi ƙaranci ko raguwa tare da na yawan jama'a (71% zuwa 74%, bi da bi).
Sakamakon bincike zai ƙayyade idan ana ganin alamun irin wannan a cikin sauran kwayoyin cutar HIV, inda damar yin amfani da kwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar HIV ba zai haifar da yawan masu ba da kyauta ba.
Sources:
Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. "S.330 - Harkokin Kasuwanci na Ƙungiyar Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar HIV (Act 2013)" (2013-2014). " Washington, DC; Nuwamba 21, 2013.
New York Times. "John Hopkins na Yi Harkokin Kwayoyin lafiya na Kwayoyin HIV da ke Yammacin Amurka". An buga Fabrairu 10, 2016.
Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'ar Amirka (PHS). "1994 Hukumar Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka (PHS) Sharuɗɗa don Tsarin Gyara Harshen Cutar Mutum ta Tsayawa." Rahoton Lafiya na Jama'a. Yuli-Agusta 2013; Volume 128.
Richterman, A; Lee, D. Reese, P .; et al. "Yaduwar cutar HIV ta kamu