Cancer na Cell Plasma Cells
Mye myeloma yana da kwayar cutar jini (kwayar plasma) wanda aka fi sani da yawancin mutane fiye da shekaru 65. A Amurka, haɗarin myeloma mai yawa shine mafi girma a tsakanin 'yan Afirka na Afirka da mafi ƙasƙanci a tsakanin' yan Asalin Amurka da Asia. An kiyasta cewa wannan ciwon daji zai shafi mutum biyar zuwa shida da 100,000 kowace shekara.
Ciwon daji yana nufin ci gaban kwayar halitta.
A cikin myeloma mai yawa, ƙwayar kasuwa yana samar da yawan kwayoyin cutar plasma. Ba kamar sauran cututtuka ba inda akwai ƙwayar cuta, wadannan kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji sukan wanzu a ko'ina cikin kasusuwan jini da jini, ko da yake ciwon daji zai iya zama a cikin kashi ko cikin kyakyawa .
Magungunan cututtuka na Multiye Myeloma
Mye-myeloma mai yawa yana haifar da bayyanar cututtukan da zasu iya haɗawa da:
- Raɗa baƙin ciki , sau da yawa a cikin ƙananan baya ko haƙarƙari
- Rashin rauni da rauni saboda ƙananan matakan jini a cikin jini (anemia)
- Kwayoyin cuta da cututtuka da yawa saboda ƙananan kamuwa da cuta-yaduwar jini
- Kwayar cututtuka, wanda zai iya haifar da ƙishirwa, ƙara urination, tashin zuciya, ko maƙarƙashiya
- Asarar nauyi
- Ƙasassun ƙasusuwa saboda rauni kasusuwa
Binciken Ƙungiyar Myeloma mai yawa
Za'a iya ɗauka ganewar asali na myeloma mai yawa bisa ga alamun da mutum ke fuskanta. Kwayoyin jini (CBC) cikakke zai nuna matakan ƙwayoyin plasma da ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini (anemia).
Sauran wasu gwaje-gwaje na jini (irin su zafin wutar lantarki electrophoresis) zai nuna matakan ƙwayoyin calcium da wasu sunadaran jini.
Kwayar gwajin furotin (furotin furotin electrophoresis) yana duba yawan adadin Bence Jones da aka tattara a tsawon awa 24. A cikin mahallin myeloma, za'a samu babban nauyin wannan furotin.
Za a dauki kwayar halitta mai laushi (samfurin) don neman kwayoyin cututtuka. An gwada gwajin gwaji na musamman (binciken skeletal) don taimakawa tabbatar da ganewar asali. Hakanan X zai iya bincika kasusuwa ko rauni.
An tabbatar da ganewar asali na myeloma muni da kasancewar kwayoyin cutar ciwon myeloma (ƙwayoyin cutar plasma marasa ma'ana) a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa da kuma kasancewar sunadaran haɗari cikin jini ko fitsari.
Ƙayyadewa da Tsaidawa
Mye-myeloma mai yawa zai iya kasancewa cikin ɗaya daga cikin uku:
- Monoclonal gammopathy na muhimmiyar muhimmanci (MGUS): Wannan yanayin shine nau'i na "m-mye-m-pre-multiple", ma'ana cewa furotin da suka wuce sun kasance amma matakin ƙwayoyin plasma yana da ƙasa. MGUS yana da lahani, amma kimanin kashi 16 cikin dari na mutanen da ke tare da shi suna bunkasa myeloma a tsawon lokaci.
- Abun ciwon ƙwayar cuta: Myelomas a cikin wannan rukunin an tsare su ne kawai zuwa ɗaya ko guda ɗaya.
- Rashin asali ko smoldering myeloma m: A cikin wannan rukuni, gwaje-gwaje da jini da kasusuwan kwayar halitta ya nuna nunawar myeloma mai yawa amma bayyanar cututtuka ba su kasance ba.
- Symptomatic mahara myeloma: A cikin wannan rukuni, mutane da yawa myeloma nuna alamu ko kwarewa bayyanar cututtuka.
Yin maganin ciwon daji yana nufin ƙaddamar da ƙimarta. Shin nau'in myeloma ne wanda aka tsare a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa, ko kuma ciwon daji ya yada zuwa wasu sassan jiki kamar kasusuwa?
Matakan ciwon daji zai ƙayyade wane nau'in magani zai buƙaci. Saboda yawan myeloma na iya zama tartsatsi, saurin sa yana sau da yawa akan ƙaddaraccen nauyin yawan ciwon daji ke cikin jiki.
Kula da Myeloma mai yawa
Mutane da ke tare da MGUS ko babu alamar cututtuka suna karuwa ta hanyar nazarin jiki da gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullum amma ba a bi da su ba. Mutane da ke da alamun cututtuka za a iya bi da su tare da:
- Kwayoyin cutar shan magani: Wadannan sun haɗa da Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide), Alkeran (melphalan), ko corticosteroids kamar prednisone. Haɗakar Thalomid (thalidomide) da Decadron (dexamethasone) ma an gano su zama magani mai mahimmanci.
- Magungunan radiation: Wannan magani yana amfani da radiation mai karfi don kashe kwayoyin cutar kanjamau da kuma ciwon ciwon sukari.
- Sel mai tushe (kasusuwan ƙashi) Tsarkewa : Wannan magani ya maye gurbin launin fata na kasusuwan da ƙwayar fata mai kyau.
- Wani magani mai maganin ciwon daji wanda ake kira Velcade (bortezomib): magani ne wanda ake gudanarwa ko dai a cikin intravenously ko a matsayin allura a karkashin fata (subcutaneously).
Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke da myeloma mai yawa zasu iya samun magani don bayyanar cututtuka, kamar karɓan jini don bi da cutar anemia ko maganin rigakafi don magance cututtuka.
Sources
- Lonal, Sagar. "Game da Myeloma." Masana Cibiyar Bincike ta Myeloma. 9 Satumba 2005. Cibiyar Nazari ta Myeloma.
- "Abin da Kuna Bukata Ya San Game da Myeloma." Ciwon Kankara. Dec 2004. Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa.