Yanayin da aka lasafta don cutar da cututtukan zuciya
Mutane da ke zaune tare da kwayar cutar ta HIV sun karu da ƙwayar cholesterol da matakan triglycerides , wanda cutar ba ta haifar da ita kadai ba amma ta hanyar kwayoyi da ake nufi da magance cutar. Wasu dalilai na iya taimakawa wajen waɗannan yanayi, wanda aka sani, bi da bi hypercholesterolemia da hypertriglyceridemia .
Menene Cholesterol?
Cholesterol ya bayyana shi ta hanyar Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Amirka kamar abu mai mahimmanci a cikin jini wanda ya samo asali daga hanta da kuma wasu abinci-musamman kayan mai ja da kayan abinci mai laushi.
Cutar cholesterol mai yawa zai iya toshe sutura cikin jiki, wanda ya hana yaduwar jini don isa gabobin jiki, ya hada zuciya da kwakwalwa. Wannan na iya kara yawan haɗarin mutum da ciwon ciwon zuciya ko bugun jini.
Akwai nau'o'in cholesterol guda biyu:
- LDL cholesterol : la'akari da "mummunan" cholesterol, babban LDL yana da nasaba da babban haɗarin ciwon zuciya da bugun jini. Abincin abinci mai cike da ƙwayoyi irin su nama mai nama, kayan abinci, da abincin ƙura - taimakawa wajen tada LDL cholesterol.
- HDL cholesterol : sau da yawa ake kira "cholesterol", low HDL hade da haɓakar ƙwayar zuciya ko bugun jini. Kwayoyin halittar mutum, da ciwon sukari iri biyu , shan taba, da kuma zama na rayuwa mai zaman kansa yana da low levels na HDL cholesterol.
An kiyasta yawan cholesterol ta hanyar ƙara HDL + LDL + 20% na matakin mutum na triglyceride. Kullum magana, matakin kyawawan gwargwadon jinsin yana da kasa da digiri 200 a kowace deciliter (MG / dL).
Mene Ne Cikakkewa?
Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ne na yau da kullum wanda ya fito ne daga abinci ko kuma masana'antu ne daga jikin su daga raunin carbohydrates. Bayan mutum yayi cin abinci, karin adadin kuzari da ba'a amfani dasu ba don samun makamashi yanzu an canza zuwa triglycerides. Wadannan mahadi suna motsa ta cikin jini har sai sun isa nama, inda aka adana su don yin amfani da su a baya.
Matakan tayi na triglyceride suna da alaka da karin damar samun ciwon jini da kuma irin 2 ciwon sukari. Bugu da ƙari, idan mutum yana da high triglycerides kuma ko dai a babban matakin LDL ko low HDL, to, shi ko ita za ta kasance a babban hadarin ciwon zuciya ko bugun jini.
Yawanci kuma, matakin ƙwayar triglyceride na yau da kullum yana da ƙananan digiri 150 da deciliter (MG / dL), yayin da babban matakin triglyceride ya kasance kamar 500mg / dL ko fiye.
Abubuwan da ke bunkasa halayen hypertriglyceridemia sun hada da:
- Kiba
- Damarar jiki
- Abincin barasa mai yawa
- Cigarette shan taba
- Abinci masu arziki a cikin carbohydrates (kamar sugary snacks, kukis, burodi da dankali)
- Wasu likita kamar irin 2 ciwon sukari ko ciwon koda
- Wasu magunguna (kamar antiretrovirals, estrogen da corticosteroids )
- Tsarin mutum na kayan shafa
Cholesterol da Triglycerides da Sakonsu zuwa HIV
Kwayar cutar HIV tana haifar da ƙananan cholesterol da matakan triglyceride a cikin mutum mai cutar. Wannan yanayin zai iya kara tsanantawa da kwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar HIV , wanda kuma zai iya tasiri tasirin cholesterol na mutum.
Magungunan kwayar cutar HIV da aka sanya su a matsayin masu hana masu protease (PIs) suna da dangantaka da hypertriglyceridemia da hypercholesterolemia.
Yawancin magungunan kwalliya na baya-baya (NRTI) - magungunan kwayoyi na iya taimakawa wajen wannan. Tsakanin su:
- Ziagen (abacavir)
- Zerit (stavudine)
- Retrovir (zidovudine, AZT)
- Kaletra (lopinavir + ritonavir)
Management of High Cholesterol da Triglycerides
Saboda yaduwar cutar da kwayoyin cutar HIV da haɓakar cholesterol / triglycerides, mutane da ke dauke da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta HIV sunyi gwaje-gwajen jini na yau da kullum domin saka idanu da jini.
Canje-canje na gida (ciki har da motsa jiki , rage cin abinci mai ragewa da shan taba ) yana iya rage yawancin cututtuka na rashin lafiya da kamuwa da cuta. A lokuta da yawa, yin amfani da kwayoyi da kuma wasu maganin rage ƙwayar cholesterol da triglycerides za'a iya bada shawara idan matakan sun fadi daga abin da za a yi la'akari da lafiya, musamman ga mutanen da suka tsufa ko wadanda ke fama da rashin ciwo.
Bincike daga Kamfanin Nazari na Permanente na Kaiser Permanente ya nuna cewa magungunan ƙwayoyin cholesterol zasu iya aiki tare da wasu mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV wadanda ke da hatsari ga cututtukan zuciya. Ko da yake hadarin cututtuka ya fi girma saboda mummunan cututtuka wanda zai iya faruwa tare da wasu kwayoyi masu maganin rigakafi, magungunan anti-cholesterol sunyi aiki da kyau wajen sarrafa manyan matakan da suka ɓace.
Baya ga magungunan gargajiya na al'ada, yin amfani da lipid da ake tsara wakilai irin su Lopid (gemfibrozil) an nuna su a mafi iko da kodayyar cholesterol da matakan triglyceride a cikin mutanen da ke zaune tare da kwayar cutar HIV.
Sources:
AIDSInfo. "Hanyoyin Kwayoyin cutar HIV." Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Jama'ar Amurka (DHHS); isa ga Satumba 25, 2015.
Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka (AHA). "Game da Cholesterol." Dallas, Texas; isa ga Satumba 25, 2015.
Feeney, E. da Mallon, P. "HIV da HAART-Associated Dyslipidemia." Jirgin Cardiovasc Med J. 2011; 5: 49-63.
Kaiser Permanente. "Mafi yawan maganin cholesterol a cikin likitocin HIV da marasa lafiya ba tare da HIV ba." ScienceDaily . An buga Maris 2, 2009.