Idan likita ya bada shawara ga tashar chemotherapy don chemotherapy , menene ainihin wannan ma'anar? Mene ne ribobi da tasirin jiragen ruwa idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin samun dama kamar layi na IV ko layin PICC?
Bari mu dubi daidai abin da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta ƙunshi abũbuwan amfãni (riba) da kuma rashin amfani (mabuɗata) na samun tashar jiragen ruwa ko tashar jiragen ruwa-i-cath, da kuma hanyoyin da za ku iya hana rikitarwa kamar kamuwa da cuta ko ƙuntatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa.
Mene ne Port don Chemotherapy?
Wani tashar chemotherapy (wanda aka fi sani da "port-a-cath") wani ƙananan na'ura ne da aka dasa a ƙarƙashin fata don ba da damar samun dama ga jini.
Yaushe ake amfani da Port?
Ana iya amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa don zubar da jini da kuma yin amfani da kwayoyin cutar shan magani. Ana iya amfani da shi idan kana buƙatar jini na jini ko platelets. Ba tare da tashar jiragen ruwa ba, ko wani layi na PICC, za a buƙaci sabon nau'in buƙata na intravenous (IV) a kowane lokacin da kake da chemotherapy, kuma za a raba jinsunan IV idan an buƙatar buƙatu na IV ko jinin jini.
Chemotherapy
Ko dai likitanku ba ya da'awar tashar jiragen ruwa na iya dogara da abubuwa da dama. Wasu magunguna ne kawai za a iya ba su ta hanyar tashar jiragen ruwa, saboda suna da damuwa sosai don a kai su cikin wani kwayar halitta.
Idan kuna da ciwon da yawa na chemotherapy (wasu masana ilimin likita sun bayar da shawarar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa idan kunyi fiye da jiyya huɗu), tashar jiragen ruwa sau da yawa sauƙaƙƙiƙa fiye da shigar da IV a kowane lokaci.
Kuma wasu mutane suna da sutura da suke da matukar wahala don samun dama, yin tashar jiragen ruwa mafi kyawun zaɓi fiye da sanya jigon IV.
Domin yin shawarar mafi kyau a gare ku, bari likita ya san idan masu fasaha sun sami sauki ko kuma da wuya su zub da jini ko kuma sanya jigon IV a hannunka ko hannu a baya. (Kila ka ji wani fasaha na fasaha cewa kai "mai sauki" ko "katako").
Ta Yaya An Ƙara Saitin Port?
Ana sanya tashar jiragen ruwa sau da yawa a lokacin aikin kwalliya na yau da za a iya yi tare da cututtuka na gida. Yawancin likitoci sun fi son cewa ana dauke da tashar jiragen ruwa a kalla makon guda kafin fara chemotherapy (idan zai yiwu) da kuma nazarin ya nuna cewa samun tashar jiragen ruwa sanya akalla kwanaki takwas kafin jikowa ya rage hadarin matsalolin. Idan kana da wata hanya mai cututtuka don ciwon daji, kamar maganin ciwon huhu na huhu ko mastectomy don ciwon nono, likitan likitanka zai iya sanya tashar jiragen ruwa a lokaci guda ana yin aikin tiyata. Lokacin da aka sanya tashar jiragen ruwa a lokacin aikin tiyata, za a rigaka da rigakafi na gaba a wuri.
A lokacin sakawa, an sanya wani karamin karfe ko ƙananan filastik ƙarƙashin jikinka ta hanyar daɗaɗɗen inch ko biyu. Wannan yana iya kasancewa a kan kirjinku na sama ko wani lokacin hannuwanku na sama. Wannan tashar jiragen ruwa an haɗa shi ne zuwa wani bututu na catheter wanda aka saka cikin daya daga cikin manyan ɓangarorin da ke kusa da wuyanka, irin su ƙwayar ƙwalji ko jugular, kuma ya ƙare a kusa da zuciyarka. Bayan an sanya tashar jiragen ku likita zai yi x-ray don tabbatar da ƙarshen tasharku yana cikin wuri mai kyau.
Bayan an sanya tashar jiragen ruwa, za ku lura da wani ɗan ƙaramin fata, a kan tashar jiragen ruwa.
Yayin da jini yake jawowa ko kuma shan ƙwayar cutar shan magani, likitan zai saka wani allura a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa a wani yanki da ake kira "septum," a cibiyar tashar roba a tasirinku. Tun da tashar jiragen ruwa na gaba a ƙarƙashin fata, za ku iya yin wanka da yin iyo ba tare da damuwa game da samun kamuwa da cuta a tasharku ba.
Amfanin da Abubuwa
Kamar yadda yake tare da kowace hanya mai kwakwalwa, akwai abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani ga samun samfurin chemotherapy. Ana tsammanin cewa an sanya fiye da fam miliyan 5 a Amurka a kowace shekara, don haka likitoci sun saba da hanya kuma anyi nazari sosai.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da shi wajen samun tashar chemotherapy ta amfani da gargajiya na IV sun haɗa da:
- Ƙarin ta'aziyya: Ƙwararra ɗaya ta tsaya a cikin fata ta yawanci abin da ake buƙatar don samun dama ga tashar jiragen ruwa. Tare da maganin farfajiyar jini da jini na al'ada, wasu lokuta ana buƙatar sandunansu da yawa don samun kyawawan kwayoyi, musamman idan an lalata jikinka daga jini mai maimaitawa da kuma infusions. (Chemotherapy zai iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin jikinka wanda ya sa su da wuya a yi fashewa tare da allura.)
- Yin watsi da jinkirin: Ba wai kawai kake guje wa jinkirin samun ciwon ku ba ƙoƙari ya sami kyakkyawan ɓoye don zubar da jini ko kuma magance kumburiyo, amma samun tashar jiragen ruwa na iya rage lokaci da ake buƙata don shirya hannunka ko hannu don hanya.
- Rage haɗarin "karin kayan zubar da ciki:" Lokacin da ake amfani da IV, magunguna sun fi kusantar (zubar da ciki) a cikin takalma kewaye da hannunka ko hannu. Tun da yawancin magungunan ƙwayoyin cutar shan-jiji sune caustic zuwa nama, tashar tashar jiragen ruwa na iya rage haɗarin ƙumburi game da lalata wadannan magunguna.
- Yin wanka da yin iyo mai sauki: Tun da tashar jiragen ruwa gaba daya ƙarƙashin fata, zaka iya yin wanka har ma da iyo ba tare da damuwa game da hadarin kamuwa da cuta ba.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa na Chemotherapy Port
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da matsalolin da suka shafi tashar chemotherapy sun hada da:
- Haɗarin hanyar da za a iya amfani da shi don shigar da tashar jiragen ruwa: Duk wani ƙwayar cuta zai iya ɗaukar hadarin kamuwa da cuta. Abun da ba a sani ba (abin da ke faruwa a ƙasa da kashi ɗaya cikin dari na mutane) na sakawa zai iya hada da zub da jini (kamar idan an yi amfani da ƙwayar ƙwallon ƙwayar) da kuma rudun gabar jiki (ruguwa na huhu) idan kullun ya bazata ba tare da haɗari ba yayin lokacin.
- Kamuwa da cuta: Rashin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta ya bambanta a nazarin amma ba a saba faruwa ba. Idan tashar jiragen ruwa ya kamu da cutar, sau da yawa yana buƙatar cirewa da maye gurbinsa. Bincike yana kimanta hanyoyin da za a rage wannan haɗari, don haka yana da muhimmanci a yi magana da likitan ka game da yadda zaka sarrafa tashar jiragen ruwa.
- Thrombosis: Kurkuku na iya zama a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa ko ƙwaƙwalwa, ta sa shi ya daina aiki. Tsakanin kashi 12 zuwa 64 bisa dari na mutanen da ke da tashar jiragen ruwa da aka sanya don maganin ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar cuta za su ci gaba da yin maganin jini a cikin catheter (sau da yawa yakan sa ake buƙatar a maye gurbin tashar.)
- Shirye-shiryen abubuwa na sa tashar jiragen ruwa ta daina aiki: A wasu lokuta, matsalolin injinika, irin su motsi na catheter ko rabuwa tashar jiragen ruwa daga fata, zai iya sa tashar jiragen ruwa ta daina aiki.
- Ƙuntatawa a cikin aiki: Ko da yake abubuwa irin su wankewa da yin iyo suna da kyau, likitanku na iya bayar da shawara akan kasancewa a kan kayan aiki don ƙarfafa jikinka ko makamai har sai an cire tashar jiragenka.
- Ragewa: Ba da yawan maganin jijiyar cutar ba, ƙwararre daga tashar jiragen ruwa mai sauƙi ne. Amma wasu mutane na iya samo wani nau'i a kan kirjin su na damuwa don dalilai na kwaskwarima ko kuma saboda alama ce da ta taɓa wucewa ta hanyar maganin cutar shan magani.
Tsarin cututtuka
Yawancin bincike a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun dubi hanyoyin da za a rage hasara na mulkin mallaka a kan tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma hadarin kamuwa da cuta ( sepsis ). Sepsis shine kamuwa da "jiki" wanda ke dauke da kwayoyin cuta cikin jini kuma zai iya zama mai tsanani. Duk da yake ba a samo amfani da maganin rigakafi ta hanyar amfani da kwayar cutar ba, yayinda kullun yake dauke da kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta / heparin ya nuna rage haɗarin. Tsabtace fata bai tabbatar da zama mai amfani a wannan lokaci ba, amma ta yin amfani da kayan ado wanda aka sanya tare da maganin rigakafi na iya taimakawa. Har ila yau an yi tunanin cewa samun nasarar tashar jiragen ruwa tare da hanyar da ba sa sutures (stitches) na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta. Kamar yadda aka gani, wannan yanki ne na aikin bincike kuma zaka iya tambayi masu ilimin likitancin abin da ake bukata yanzu.
Hadarin Thrombosis
Clotting ko thrombosis a tashar jiragen ruwa ne na kowa kuma yana da dalili mai yawa wanda tashar jiragen ruwa ya kamata a cire kuma sau da yawa maye gurbin. Yin tafiya a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa tare da heparin da saline ba zai yi bambanci sosai ba, kuma ba a rage raguwa ta amfani da heparin mai ƙananan (ko da yake ya kara yawan jini). Wadanda ke cikin haɗari sune wadanda ke da tarihin maganin mai zurfi a baya. Yanayin ƙarshen catheter na iya yin bambanci. Amma, duk da haka, haɗarin thrombosis a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa yana da muhimmanci fiye da wannan a cikin layin PICC.
Yadda Yayi Differs Daga Layin PICC
PICC na tsaye ne a matsayin "catheter tsakiyar tsakiya". Ana amfani da layin PICC a cikin wani nau'i na gajeren lokaci (alal misali, don samun damar da za a buƙata don mako ɗaya zuwa shida kawai). Lines na PICC an sanya su a cikin hannunka kusa da fata (sashi) kuma kada su kai kusa da zuciyarka kamar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa.
Ta yaya aka cire?
Lokacin da kai da likitanka sunyi imanin cewa ba a buƙatar tashar jiragenka ba, ana iya cire ta ta hanyar hanya mai sauki.
Me kuke Bukatar Ku sani Idan kuna da Port?
Zai zama mahimmanci a tambayi likita idan tasharka tana buƙatar duk wani kulawa na musamman, kamar yin amfani da magani don taimakawa wajen hana rigar rufewa.
Lokacin da za a kira likitanku
Tun da yake kamuwa da cuta shine mafi yawan matsalolin samun tashar jiragen ruwa, tuntuɓi likitanka idan ka ci gaba da zazzaɓi ko ka lura da duk wani ja, kumburi, zafi ko magudi a kusa da tasharka.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kwayoyi ta Amirka. Cancer.Net. 09/2016. http://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/chemotherapy/catheters-and-ports-cancer-treatment
> Heibl, C. et al. Abubuwan da ke hade da amfani da Port-a-Caths a cikin marasa lafiya tare da mummunar cutar ko cutar cututtuka: bincike mai yiwuwa guda daya. Turai Journal of Cancer Care . 2010. 19 (5): 676-81.
> Madabhavi, I., Patel, A., Sarkar, M. et al. Nazarin Yin Amfani da "Harkokin Kyau" a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon daji: Cibiyoyin Kwarewa guda ɗaya. Ƙwararren maganin ƙwayar magani: Ilimin ilimin halitta . 2017. 11: 1179554917691031.
> Narducci, F. et al. Kwayoyin tashar jiragen ruwa masu amfani da ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙananan abubuwa don matsaloli: nazarin binciken shekaru guda a cibiyar ciwon daji. Jarida ta Turai game da ilimin binciken kwayoyin halitta . 2011. 37 (10): 913-8.