Urticaria (amya) wani yanayi ne na fata wanda zai shafi kashi 20 cikin dari na mutane a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. Yayinda yawancin hivewa zasu tafi kan kansu ba tare da magani ba, wasu na iya buƙatar magunguna da kulawa da juna. Hanyoyin magani sun fi mayar da hankali ne a kan mahimmancin dalilin kuma yana iya haɗawa da maganin antihistamines, corticosteroids, kwayoyi anti-inflammatory, anticodal antibodies, ko ma mai sauki sanyaya wanka.
Gidajen gida
Yawancin lokuta na urticaria suna da alaka da haɗari. Za'a iya haifar da wannan abu ta kowane irin abu, ciki har da abinci, kwayoyi, pollen, ko abubuwa kamar latex ko nickel. Ko da wasu mawuyacin jiki-irin su zafi, sanyi, matsa lamba, rana, motsa jiki, da kuma vibration-iya saita kashewar da ba zata iya haifar da samowa ba.
Kawai cire kanka daga fararwa zai iya zama isa ya samar da taimako. Da kuma manyan, ƙananan hives suna da iyakacin kansu kuma yawancin sau da yawa za su warware cikin sa'o'i ko wasu kwanaki ba tare da magani ba.
Idan hives suna da matukar damuwa, za ka iya yin amfani da rigar, damfin sanyi don ƙarfafa yanayin da rage ƙumburi. Hanya mafi sauki don yin wannan shine a wanke wanke wanka a cikin kwano na ruwan kankara kuma ya yi amfani da shi kai tsaye zuwa fata.
Don kara sauƙi da rashin jin daɗi, sa tufafi mai laushi ko dai an yi da auduga ko mai santsi, nauyin roba kamar radiyon. Ka guje wa ulu, lilin, denim, ko kowane kayan rubutu wanda zai iya cutar da fata.
Ya kamata ku guje wa karuwa saboda wannan zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka. Kuma, duk abin da kuka yi, kada ku karce.
Ƙunƙwasa-ƙwayoyi (OTC)
Mafi kyau, maganin farko na asibiti ne maganin antihistamines . Suna aiki ne ta hanyar rubutun histamine , wani sinadarai da aka samar da kwayar cutar da ke haifar da alamar rashin lafiyar.
Ga mafi yawan nau'in urticaria, antihistamine na kan-da-counter (OTC) na iya samar da cikakken taimako.
Sabanin tsoran ƙwayoyin maganin antihistamines, sababbin magungunan sunyi yawanci ba tare da lalata ba kuma zasu iya zama na tsawon sa'o'i 24. Sun hada da:
- Allegra (fexofenadine)
- Claritin (loratadine)
- Xyzal (levocetirizine dihydrochloride)
- Zyrtec (cetirizine)
Hanyoyi masu mahimmanci sun kasance masu laushi kuma sun hada da rashin tsoro, bushe baki, tashin zuciya, maƙarƙashiya, da tari.
Benadryl (diphenhydramine) , tsohuwar antihistamine, ana kauce masa a yayin rana saboda sakamako na shinge amma zai iya taimaka maka barci idan damuwa yana ajiye ka a daren.
Ma'aikatan H2-receptor na Tarihin H2 , wadanda aka fi sani da H2 masu fashi, sune wasu magungunan miyagun ƙwayoyi da ake amfani dasu tare da maganin antihistamines. An umurce su da yawa don magance ƙwannafin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar zuciya, H2 blockers aiki ta hanyar rage matakan jini a cikin fata kuma, ta hanyar yin haka, taimaka redness da kumburi. Sun hada da irin wannan ƙwararren OTC kamar yadda:
Hanyoyi masu lalacewa sun hada da ciwon kai, damuwa, zazzabin zuciya, ciwon tsoka, ciwon haɗin gwiwa, da gaggawa.
Sharuɗɗa
Kwayoyin maganin anti-maganin OTC bazai da karfi sosai don bi da dukan nau'in urticaria. A gaskiya ma, wasu siffofin na yau da kullum suna iya buƙatar magunguna daban-daban, musamman idan fararwa ta jiki ne maimakon rashin lafiyan jiki.
Daga cikin kwayoyin maganin da ake amfani da su shine maganin antihistamines, corticosteroids, leukotriene gyaran, da kuma wanda ya saba wa mutum guda daya ya yarda da maganin gaggawa.
Antihistamines
Clarinex (desloratadine) wani maganin antihistamine ne kamar Claritin da Zyrtec amma wanda kawai yake samuwa ta kwayoyi. Yana da sauri-aiki fiye da tsarin OTC kuma yana iya zama dacewa ga fashewa mai tsanani ko yaduwa.
Idan magungunan antihistamines ba su iya ba da taimako, likitanku zai iya rubuta Vistaril (hydroxyzine pamoate) a lokacin kwanta. Yana da karfi antihistamine amfani da su bi da fadi da kewayon fata halayen ciki har da na kullum urticaria, lamba dermatitis , da kuma histamine-related itch (pruritus).
Hanyoyi masu lahani sun hada da ciwon kai, ciki ciki, da hangen nesa.
Corticosteroids
Idan magungunan antihistamines sun kasa samar da taimako har ma a mafi girman asibitoci ko kuma haifar da sakamako mai tasiri, likita na iya ƙyale ka da corticosteroids don kawo saurin kullun da sauri.
Corticosteroids ne steroid wanda ya sanya mutum ya iya dampen tsarin rigakafi a matsayin duka. Don haka ko dalilin shine rashin lafiyanci ko kuma mikiyar jiki (duka biyu ne wanda ake sarrafawa ta hanyar rigakafi), corticosteroids na iya "bugawa" alamar cututtuka idan wasu magunguna ba su iya ba. Prednisone ya fi dacewa akan wannan kuma ana iya fitowa ko dai ta hanyar allurar rigakafi ko cikin nau'in kwaya.
Corticosteroids ba za a iya amfani da shi kawai don magance matsalolin lokaci ba saboda hadarin mummunan cututtuka, ciki har da osteoporosis, glaucoma, da ciwon sukari.
Leukotriene Modifiers
Leukotriene gyaran magungunan su ne magungunan da ake amfani dasu don magance asma. Suna aiki ta hanyar hana sakin leukotriene, wani abu wanda ba wai kawai ya haifar da raguwa na sassa na iska amma yana inganta ƙumburi.
Ta hanyar yin tasirin wannan sakamako, masu gyara na leukotriene sunyi tasiri sosai wajen magance wasu nau'i na gaggawa da gaggawa (musamman wadanda aka kawo ta hanyar abinci ko aspirin) da kuma siffofin na yau da kullum (irin su zafi-ko motsa jiki- cholinergic urticaria ).
Za a iya amfani da masu gyara na Leukotriene kadai ko a hade tare da antihistamine. Biyu a halin yanzu shawarar zaɓuɓɓuka sun haɗa da:
- Marasa (zafirlukast)
- Singulair (montelukast )
Abubuwan da ke tattare da kullun na gyaran leukotriene sun hada da ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, vomiting, rashin barci, da irritability.
Doxepin
Doxepin ne mai maganin antidepressant tricyclic wanda yayi aiki a matsayin antihistamine mai karfi. Idan aka ba da umurni a cikin ƙananan ƙwayar, zabin zai iya zama mai tasiri sosai wajen kula da asibitocin da ke da mahimmanci da kuma asalin da ba a sani ba (wanda ake kira "urticaria").
Doxepin dole ne a yi amfani da shi a karkashin kula da kiwon lafiya kamar yadda aka sani don haifar da tunanin suicidal a cikin yara da matasa tare da tarihin ƙuntatawa ko sauran cututtuka. Sauran cututtukan da suka shafi illa sun hada da lalata, busassun baki, ciwon zuciya, ciwon kai, gajiya, rashin hankali, da saurin yanayi.
Doxepin a kasuwa a karkashin wasu nau'o'in alamu kamar Silenor, Zonalon, da Prudoxin.
Xolair (Omalizumab)
Xolair (omalizumab) wani magani ne wanda aka riga an umarce shi ga mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari wadanda basu kasa amsawa ga corticosteroids. Kwanan nan, an amince da shi don magance matsalolin gaggawa na gaggawa idan duk sauran jiyya sun kasa.
Xolair wata kwayar halitta guda daya ce wadda ta kaddamar da gina jiki, wanda aka sani da immunoglobulin E (IgE) , wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin allergies da wasu nau'in urticaria da dermatitis. Da wannan aka ce, masana kimiyya ba su da tabbaci game da yadda Xolair ke aiki kamar yadda shinge na yau da kullum ba su da alaka da rashin lafiya ko IgE.
Abubuwan da ke cikin lalacewa da suka hada da ciwon gubar da ciwo da ciwon zuciya, tari, damuwa, gajiya, damun zuciya, da kirji.
Ƙarin Magunguna Masu Mahimmanci (CAM)
Duk da yake an tsara wasu magungunan da suka dace da magungunan su (CAMs) don magance matsalolin gaggawa da na yau da kullum, shaidu har yanzu ya raunana. Wannan shi ne ainihin gaskiya tare da gaggawa na gaggawa don fahimtar fahimtar yanayin rashin.
Wasu ƙwararrun CAM bazai zama masu amfani kawai ba, suna iya kara yawan bayyanar cututtuka maimakon inganta su. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan misalin shine turmeric , mai ban sha'awa na halitta wanda aka yadu a matsayin magani. Duk da wannan ikirarin, curcumin (sashi wanda ya ba turmeric launin rawaya) an san shi don faɗakarwa da labarun gamsu da magungunan urticaria a wasu mutane.
Wasu magungunan maganganu, irin su aloe vera gel , na iya kwantar da hankali amma ba za su iya yin wani abu ba fiye da damfara mai dadi.
Idan ka zaɓi yin amfani da ƙarin ko maganin gargajiya na kowane irin, tabbatar da shawarar likitanka don tabbatar da cewa ba ya hulɗa tare da magunguna da kake iya ɗauka. (St. John's Wort, alal misali, zai iya rage yawan ciwon maganin antihistamines cikin jini).
Daga cikin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali wanda zai taimaka:
Colloidal Oatmeal Baths
Idan damuwa da kumburi suna motsa ka mahaukaci, saurin gaggawa na gaggawa zai iya zama wanka mai sanyi. Nan da nan ya rage karfin jini da jini da halayen hawan hypractive. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙari wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen kara ƙarfafawa ƙananan ƙumburi shine colloidal oatmeal.
Duk da yake bincike na yau da kullum bai wuce ba, wasu ƙananan binciken sun nuna cewa gurasar colloidal-mai tsalle-tsalle da aka dakatar da shi a cikin ruwa, gel, ko cream-zai iya rage yawan ƙwayar jiki yayin da yake yin fata fata. An yadu a yalwace azaman ƙarar biki ko ruwan shafa mai soothing.
Don ƙarin taimako, ajiye kullun ruwan adalcinka a cikin firiji don duk lokacin da yanayin ya zama mummunar.
Mind-Body hanyoyin kwantar da hankali
Duk da yake damuwar ba ta "haifar da" hanzari ba, sai ya bayyana cewa yana iya ƙara inganta alamar cutar, musamman ma wadanda ke fama da dadewa. Mutane sau da yawa su juya zuwa hanyoyin kwantar da hankulan jiki yayin da suka fahimci muhimmancin tunanin mu da motsin zuciyar mu a cikin lafiyar mu da kuma fahimtar lafiyarmu.
Wasu ayyuka na iya zama da amfani wajen rage damuwa. Sun hada da:
- Nuna tunani, wanda ke koya muku yadda za a juya tunanin ku daga jin dadin jiki
- Ayyukan motsa jiki mai zurfi (pranayama), aikin da ake amfani da shi na meditative wanda ya ke mayar da hankali ga al'amuran hutawa na rhythmic
- Shafukan da aka jagoranci, wanda kuke ƙirƙirar hotunan hoton tunani
- Maganin ci gaba na muscle (PMR), wanda kake tunani da kuma saki tsokoki naka daya
> Sources:
> Bernstein, J; Lang, D .; Khan, D. et al. Binciken ganewa da kuma kulawa da gaggawar gaggawa: 2014 sabuntawa. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014; 133 (5): 1270-7. DOI: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2014.02.036.
> De Silva, N .; Damayanthi, H .; Rajapakse, A. et al. Leukotriene masu karɓar ragowar masu karɓa don gaggawa urticaria: nazari na yau da kullum. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2014; 10 (1): 24. DOI: 10.1186 / 1710-1492-10-24.
> Fadus, M. Lau, C. Bikhchandani, J. et al. Curcumin: Tsohon tsohuwar tsohuwar mai kumburi da magunguna. J Tradit Ƙara Med . 2016; 7 (3): 339-346. DOI: 10.1016 / j.jtcme.2016.08.002.
> Reynertson, K .; Garay, M .; Nebus, J. et al. Ayyukan anti-inflammatory na colloidal oatmeal (Avena sativa) suna taimakawa ga tasiri na hatsi a maganin yatsun da ke da alaka da busassun fata. J Drugs Dermatol. 2015 Janairu 14 (1): 43-8.