Koyi ka'idoji na Farfesa na Monoclonal Antibody
Monoclonal antibody far is a cike da ciwon daji ci gaba . An kira shi a wasu lokutan immunotherapy. Duk da yake aikin tiyata , chemotherapy , da kuma radiation far-magani sun kasance masu mahimmanci maganin maganin ciwon ciwon daji, monoclonal antibody far ne ya zama mafi yadu don amfani. Mafi magungunan maganin kwayar cutar guda daya don sarrafa ciwon daji na ciwon ne Bevacizumab (Avastin), Ceuximab (Erbitux), da Panitumumab (Vectibix).
Menene Monoclonal Antibodies?
Magunguna na monoclonal sunadaran sunadarai ne da aka yi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Wadannan sunadarai an tsara su don hadewa zuwa yankunan da ke kan cutar ciwon daji da kuma tsangwama da ci gaba da yada su. Magungunan monoclonal sune kama da maganin da jikinka yake bayarwa a yayin da kake bayyanar da kwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su sanyi ko mura (mura).
Ta yaya Monoclonal Antibodies Work?
Kwayoyin jikinmu, ciki har da kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji, suna da wurare a kan iyakarsu da ake kira masu karɓa. Wadannan masu karɓa suna taimakawa wajen sarrafa yadda kwayoyin mu ke girma, daina girma, ko kuma yin wani abu daga cikin kwayoyin halitta. Idan furotin da ya dace ya zo tare da haɗuwa (bindiga) zuwa mai karɓa a kan tantanin halitta, wannan yana haifar da tantanin halitta don amsawa.
Kyakkyawan hanyar da za a yi tunani game da masu karɓa da kuma sunadarin sunadaran su shine tunani akan kulle da maɓalli. Ba za a bude kulle ba tare da maɓallin dama. Hakazalika, mai karɓa ba zai haifar da tantanin halitta don yayi girma, rabawa, ko amsa ba sai dai "maɓallin" dama "zuwa wannan mai karɓa ya haɗa da farko.
Kuma magunguna guda daya ne "mažallan" waɗanda aka tsara musamman don haɗawa ga masu karɓa a kan kwayoyin cutar kanjamau.
Misalan hanyoyin maganin rigakafi na Monoclonal
Mai karɓar rassa masu tsaka-tsaki na Epidermal (EGFRs) sune misali daya daga masu karɓar maganin ƙwayoyin cuta guda daya. EGFR sun kasance a kan kwayoyin halitta da ciwon daji, amma tare da kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji, waɗannan masu karɓa ba al'ada bane.
Akwai wasu EGFR da yawa ko zasu iya lalacewa ko canza (canzawa) a hanyar da zasu ba su damar karɓan sakonnin girma. Wannan yana sa ciwon daji ke ci gaba da sauri ko girma a wuraren da basu kamata su yi girma ba.
Magunguna guda daya na maganin rigakafi guda biyu Ceuximab (Erbitux) da Panitumumab (Vectibix) sun haɗu da EGFR da aka samo akan kwayoyin cutar kanjamau. Lokacin da suka haɗu da EGFR, sun kakkafa siginar ci gaban da jikinka ke samarwa kullum don samun ciwon daji. Wannan yana jinkirin ko ya hana ci gaban ciwon daji.
Tunanin tunanin makullin da mahimmanci, zaku iya daukar hoto cewa Cetuximab da Panitumumab suna aiki kamar wanda aka kulle shi a cikin kulle. Maɓallin ba zai iya shiga ba kuma ba za'a iya buɗe kofar ba saboda masu rigakafi na kwayar cutar cancer sun riga sun "gurgunta" ta hanyar kwayar cutar guda daya. Wannan yana nufin ƙwayoyin ciwon daji ba su karbi siginar ci gaba da suke buƙatar ci gaba da girma da yadawa.
Monoclonal Antibodies Conjugated
Baya ga yadda kawai ake yin amfani da kwayar cutar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta guda daya za a iya shiga cikin kwayar cutar shan magani ko kwayar cutar rediyo (radioimmunotherapy) don haka su dauki aikin maganin sarai don ciwon daji kuma ba zuwa kwayoyin halitta ba. Anyi amfani da shi tare da wasu nau'o'in lymphoma da ciwon nono da kuma kwayoyi zai iya samuwa don magance sauran ciwon daji.
Mene ne Hanyoyin Hanyoyin Cutar Kwayoyin Monoclonal?
Ga mutane da yawa, sakamakon illa na kwayar cutar guda daya ne mafi tsananin ƙarfi fiye da chemotherapy kuma yayi kama da nau'in rashin lafiyar irin wannan abu. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da suka shafi kwayoyin cutar guda daya sun hada da:
- Skin rashes
- Skinching ko hives
- Flu-irin bayyanar cututtuka irin su zazzabi, juyayi, ƙwayar tsoka, gajiya, da ciwon kai
- Diarrhea
- Nuna da zubar
- Low saukar karfin jini
Wasu mutane suna da mummunar haɓaka ga magunguna guda daya. Abubuwa masu tsanani masu tsanani waɗanda zasu iya sa likitanku su dakatar da farfado da kwayar cutar guda daya sun hada da:
- Rawan jini maras la'akari
- Matsalar zuciya ciki har da zuciya marar ɗakawa, cikewar zuciya, da haɗarin ƙwayar zuciya
- Ƙananan matakan magnesium, potassium, ko calcium cikin jini, wanda zai haifar da matsalolin lafiya
- M fata rashes wanda zai haifar da cututtuka
- Matsalar ƙura
- Saurin haɗuwa ga jiko ciki har da rashin ƙarfi, numfasawa, damuwa, rashin ƙarfi, damuwa, hangen nesa, tashin zuciya, ko zafi ta kirji ko matsa lamba
Abin farin ciki, lokacin da halayen haɗari suka faru, sau da yawa yakan faru nan da nan, lokacin da kake samun magani a asibitin ciwon daji. Wannan yana nufin likitanku da likita za su kula da ku kuma za su iya dakatar da jiko idan an buƙata kuma su ba ku likita a hankali.
Ta Yaya Zan Sarrafa Hanyoyin Mikiya na Siyasa Monoclonal?
Abubuwa biyu mafi muhimmanci da za ku iya yi domin gudanar da maganganu na kwayoyin cutar guda daya sune:
- Yi amfani da magungunan ku duka kamar yadda aka tsara, saboda ya fi sauƙi don hana halayen ketare fiye da bi da su idan sun faru.
- Tsaya hanyoyi na sadarwa tare da kungiyar likita ku. Abin da ke aiki don gudanar da illa mai lalacewa ga mutum ɗaya bazaiyi aiki a gare ku ba. Yi magana da likita ko likita game da zaɓuɓɓuka don taimaka maka ta hanyar maganin lafiya tare da ƙananan sakamako.
Kar a yarda da wannan mummunar mummunan ɓangare ne na maganin ciwon daji. Akwai wata hanya ga ƙungiyar likita ku sarrafa mafi rinjayen ku. Idan kana buƙatar taimako, nemi shi. Kuma ko da yaushe, idan kana da wasu tambayoyi game da illa mai lalacewa, kira magungunan likita naka nan da nan.
Sources
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Medline Plus. Bevacizumab allura.
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607001.html
Medline Plus. Ceuximab Injection.
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607041.html
Medline Plus. Panitumumab Injection.
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a607066.html
Patel DK. Amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na kwayoyin cutar anti-epidermal factor factor receptor monoclonal a cikin ciwon gurguntaccen maganin ciwon daji. Pharmacotherapy 2008 28: 31S-41S.
Ramos FJ, Macarulla T, Capdevila J, Elez E, Tabernero J. Akan fahimtar kaddamarwar K-ras don ci gaba da tsinkayen epidermal girma mai magance cutar ta hanyar maganin cutar. Clin Cutar Canjin Canji 2008 7: S52-S57.
Ƙungiyar Ciwon Kankara ta Amirka. Monoclonal Antibodies. An shiga: Dec. 4, 2015.
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmenttypes/immunotherapy/immunotherapy-monoclonal-antibodies