Kwayoyin jini na jini (WBCs) sune wani ɓangare na tsarin marasa lafiya wanda ke taimakawa wajen yaki da kamuwa da cuta da kuma kare jiki da kayan aiki na waje. Kwayoyin jini daban-daban suna da hannu wajen gane masu shiga intruders, kashe kwayoyin cututtuka, da kuma haifar da kwayoyin cuta don kare jikinka daga daukakawa zuwa wasu kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta
Iri
Akwai nau'ukan jini daban-daban iri-iri ciki har da:
- Neutrophils - Kusan rabin raunin jini sune tsaka-tsaki. Neutrophils shine yawancin kwayoyin halitta na farko don amsawa ta hanyar amsawa ga mahaukaci kamar kwayar cuta ko cutar. A matsayin masu amsawa na farko, sun aika da siginar sauti akan wasu kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin da ba a rigakafi don amsawa. Kuna iya sane da bayyanar neutrophils kamar yadda su ne farkon kwayoyin da suke gabatarwa. Da zarar an saki daga kasusuwan kwayoyin sun rayu ne kawai a cikin sa'o'i takwas, amma kimanin biliyan 100 daga cikin wadannan kwayoyin halitta suna samar da jikinka a kowace rana.
- Eosinophils - Eosinophils kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaki da kwayoyin cuta kuma suna da matukar muhimmanci wajen magance cututtuka tare da kwayoyin cuta (kamar tsutsotsi.) Zai yiwu mafiya sanannun su, don haka, suna da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, lokacin da suka shiga cikin hawa. wani ba da amsa ga wani abu (kamar pollen) wanda ya kuskure ya yi imanin cewa mahaukaci ne. Wadannan kwayoyin suna dauke da kimanin kashi daya cikin dari na jinin fararen jini a cikin jininka amma suna a cikin manyan karfin a cikin sashin kwayar halitta.
- Basophils - Basophils, kuma suna lissafin kimanin kashi daya cikin dari na fararen jini, suna da mahimmanci wajen hawa wani sako na rigakafi zuwa pathogens. Wadannan kwayoyin suna watakila mafi kyawun saninsu a fuka. A lokacin da ya motsa wa annan kwayoyin saki histamine a tsakanin sauran sunadarai. Samfurori na iya haifar da kumburi da bronchoconstriction a cikin hanyoyi.
- Lymphocytes (B lymphocytes da T lymphocytes) - Lymphocytes kuma suna da matukar muhimmanci a cikin tsarin rigakafin, tare da kwayoyin T wanda ke da alhakin kashe kai tsaye da dama daga cikin kasashen waje. B lymphocytes B (B) , wanda ya bambanta da sauran nau'in kwayoyin fararen jini, suna da alhakin karewa na mutuntaka (wanda ya bambanta da marasa lafiya na musamman na sauran jini.) Suna samar da kwayoyin cutar da "tuna" wani kamuwa da cuta. Yi shiri idan jikinka ya kamata a fallasa. Wadannan kwayoyin sune dalilin yaduwar rigakafi.
- Monocytes - Monocytes su ne kayan juji na tsarin rigakafi. Kusan kashi biyar cikin jinsunan jinin jini a cikin jinin ku ne monocytes, amma aikin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne ƙaura cikin kyallen takarda da tsaftace gawawwaki (a tsakanin sauran ayyuka).
Formation
Kwayoyin jini na farawa a cikin kututtukan kashi a cikin tsarin da ake kira hematopoiesis . Duk kwayoyin jini, ciki har da jini mai tsabta, kwayoyin jini mai launin jini, da kuma platelets, sun sauko ne daga kwayar halitta maras amfani, ko kuma "kwayar halitta". Wadannan kwayoyin halitta suna samuwa (bambanta) a cikin matakai daban-daban.
HSC na farko ya raba zuwa cikin cell lymphoid , ta hanyar tsirrai na lymphoid ko kwayar halitta wanda ke haifar da lymphocytes-musamman B na lymphocytes ko "B" da T lymphocytes (T ).
Sassan kwayoyin halitta suna haifar da myeloblasts, wanda ya kara bambanta cikin kwayoyin da suka zama jini jini, kwayoyin jini na "agranulocyte" da kuma platelets.
Yanayin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta yana haifar da macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, da eosinophils.
Labbobi na Lab
Kwayar jini mai tsabta ta al'ada yawanci shine tsakanin 4,000 da 10,000 Kwayoyin / MCL.
Sharuɗɗa da ke tattare da ƙwararren fata mai launin fata
Kodayake zaka iya tunani game da cututtuka, akwai wasu dalilai na kwayoyin jini mai daraja. Wadannan za'a iya karuwa ta maye gurbi, ko kuma ta hanyar jiki yana yada jinsin jinin farkon daga kasusuwa.
A cikin cututtuka mai tsanani, samari masu kamuwa da launin jini, wadanda ake kira blasts, sukan bayyana a cikin jini saboda yunkurin jiki na samun yawancin kwayoyin jinin a wurin a cikin sauri. Wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayar ƙwayar jinin jini mai yawa sun haɗa da. Halin danniya na kowane nau'i kuma zai iya haifar da wannan saki na fararen jini.
- Cutar
- Magunguna irin su leukemias, lymphomas, da kuma myelomas wanda yawancin jinsunan jinin suka yi.
- Kumburi irin su cututtukan zuciya da ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta
- Harkokin cuta yana samuwa ne daga raunuka zuwa ga danniya
- Tuna ciki - A cikin ciki, yawancin kullun fararen suna "kullum" ya karu
- Asthma da Allergies - Tare da allergies, zaku gani sau da yawa wani karuwa a cikin irin jinin jini wanda ake kira eosinophils
- Aiki
Yanayi tare da Ƙananan Alkalurran Cutar Blood
Yanayi wanda zai iya haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin jinin jini sun haɗa da:
- Babban cututtuka
- Sakamakon lalacewa mai lalacewa ko lalacewa ciki har da anemia na aplastic, ƙwayar nama "takeover" ta hanyar ciwon jini ko ciwon daji na ƙwayar cuta, ko maganin ƙwayoyi ko haɗari da sinadaran da kasusuwan kasusuwa
- Cututtuka na nakasassu kamar Lupus
- Sune "yanki" inda aka tara jinsin jini a cikin rami.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na ƙididdigar jini maras nauyi
Ana iya fahimtar bayyanar cututtukan jini maras kyau ta wurin sanin aikin jinin jini. Kwayoyin jinin mu sune jikinmu na karewa daga cututtuka. Wasu daga cikin kwayoyin sune wani ɓangare na tsarin da ba'a iya bawa, ma'ana sun sani daga haihuwa don kai farmaki ga kasashen waje, wasu kuma suna cikin ɓangaren mu, ko kuma muyi nazarin tsarin rigakafin, da kuma masu kare kayan aiki bayan "ganin" wani sashi don a shirya su wani harin da wannan ƙwayar cuta take gaba da lokaci. Hanyoyin cututtuka na kamuwa da cuta sun haɗa da:
- Fever
- Ƙara
- Pain ko saurin urination
- Blood a cikin ɗakunan
- Diarrhea
- Redness, kumburi, ko zafi a cikin wani yanki na kamuwa da cuta
Chemotherapy
Ɗaya daga cikin cututtukan kwayoyin cutar sankara da yafi kowa da haɗari shine saboda tasirinsa akan karnukan jinin jini, musamman irin jinin jini wanda aka sani da neutrophils. Neutrophils su ne ainihin "masu amsawa na farko" na tsarin tsarin mu. Ragewa a cikin tsaka-tsaka a yayin yaduwar kwayar cutar, wanda aka sani da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cuta , yana dauke da hadarin kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani. Ba wai kawai yana da wuyar jiki don yaki da cututtuka da dangi ba tare da neutropenia ba, amma kwayoyin da basu saba da cutarwa ba zasu iya haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani.
Dama
Daga kamuwa da cuta zuwa cututtuka, jinin jini yana da hannu a yawancin ayyuka a jikin. Wadannan kwayoyin halitta zasu iya zama marasa cututtukan kansu . Rashin rashi na kowane nau'i na dukkanin jini na jini zai iya faruwa tare da ciwon rashin daidaituwa da yawa. Raguwa daga irin wadannan kwayoyin (saboda mummuna) yana cikin cututtuka irin su leukemias da lymphomas.
Har ila yau Known As: leukocytes
Misalan: Bayan da aka yi masa magani, an gaya wa John cewa ƙwayar jininsa ba shi da ƙasa kuma ya kamata ya yi ƙoƙari ya guje wa mutanen da ke rashin lafiya don 'yan kwanaki don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwancin Amirka. MedlinePlus. Rawan ƙwayar jini na jini. Updated 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003643.htm