Your lymphocytes ba su da muhimmanci. Ga yadda suke kare ku
Kyakkyawan lymphocyte ƙananan jini ne wanda ke taka rawa wajen kare jikinka daga cutar.
Lymphocytes suna fama da cututtuka ta hanyar samar da kwayoyin cuta, wadanda sunadarai ne da suke taimakawa wajen dakatar da cire masu haɗuwar kasashen waje irin su kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, kwayoyin cuta da magunguna masu guba. Lymphocytes kuma suna kashe kwayoyin jiki a jikinka waɗanda ke kamuwa da kwayar cuta, kuma su saki kayan sunadarai don gargadi wasu kwayoyin hatsari.
Ko da yake akwai wasu shaidu da cewa irin kwayoyin lymphocytes zasu iya kai hari da kuma halakar da magungunan cutar ta hanyar kai tsaye, saboda yawancin lymphocytes sun bar wannan aikin zuwa wasu nau'in jini, ciki har da phagocytes. (Matakan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin furanni suna haɗuwa da ƙwaƙwalwa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi cewa ra'ayin jikinka ya zama barazana, irin su kwayoyin cuta da ƙananan ƙwayoyi.)
Lymphocytes, a halin yanzu, suna motsawa jikinka ta hanyar tsarin lymphatic, wanda shine sashin tsarin sigina. Kasuwanci na Lymph suna dauke da ruwa mai tsabta, ciki har da lymphocytes da wasu kwayoyin jinin jini, a cikin jikinka don yakar cutar.
Akwai nau'o'in lymphocytes guda biyu: T da kwayoyin T da B. Kowa yana da rawar da za ta taka a lafiyarka. Karatu don ƙarin koyo game da su.
Menene Tarin Labaran T Cell?
Tasirin lymphocytes na cell T shine duba da kuma kula da kwayoyin ku don kamuwa da cuta da hadarin kamuwa da cuta. Yayin da kwayar cutar lymphocyte ta samu kwayar cutar da kwayar cuta ko kwayar cutar ta kamu da kwayar cuta, lymphocyte zai ci gaba da kashe cell (kuma zai tuna da magunguna, don haka zai iya aiki da gaggawa a gaba lokacin da yake fuskantar matsalar taɗar cutar).
Wadannan lymphocytes na T sun kashe magungunan ciwon daji, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya magance ciwon daji ya haɗa da rarrabawa, ninka kuma sannan yayi amfani da jikin T na kansa don yaki da ciwon daji. Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu shaidu cewa lymphocytes na T cell zasu iya kare ku daga kwayoyin cuta ta hanyar kamawa da kuma kashe kwayoyin cuta a cikin tambaya.
T "T" a T cell yana tsaye don thymus, ƙananan glandan da ke cikin kirjinka inda ƙwayoyin T ke kaiwa girma bayan an halicce su da kututtukan ka, kuma kafin a fitar da su don kare jikinka.
Menene B-Cell Lymphocytes?
B lymphocytes cell ba su kai farmaki da kashe kwayoyin, ƙwayoyin cuta ko kwayoyin kansu. Maimakon haka, suna haifar da sunadarin sunadarai da ake kira 'yan ta'addan da suka haɗu da tashe-tashen masu haɗari, da kullun wadanda suka haɗu da su kuma suna haskaka su don tsabtace wasu sassa na tsarin rigakafi.
Kodayake kwayoyin B kawai suna haifar da wani ƙwayar cuta guda ɗaya, yawancin jikinka na jikin B ya gane yawancin masu dauke da ƙwayar cuta kuma suna samar da magunguna daban-daban don yakar su.
Kamar kamfanonin lymphocytes na T, an halicci lymphocytes na cell B a cikin kututtukan ka. Suna girma a cikin kaji.
Menene Zamu Yi Ba daidai ba Da Lymphocytes?
Lymphocytes ba kullum nuna hali a cikin mafi kyau sha'awa.
A cikin cututtukan fata , misali, T lymphocytes cell cell tayi kuskuren kai hari kan kayan jikinka, suna watsar da kwayoyinka ga masu haɗari na kasashen waje. Calac cutar , alal misali, ya ƙunshi harin kai tsaye a kan rufin ƙananan hanji. Masana kimiyya ba su da tabbacin abin da ke motsa kwayoyin T don yin wannan.
Hakanan zaka iya ci gaba da ciwon daji wanda ke shafar ƙananan lymphocytes. Irin wannan ciwon daji ana kiransa cutar Hodgkin ko lymphoma ba Hodgkin . Akwai nau'i daban-daban na cutar Hodgkin da lymphoma ba na Hodgkin, kuma nau'in da kake da shi ya ƙaddara ta irin lymphocytes. Cutar cutar Hodgkin ne kawai ya ƙunshi B cell lymphocytes, alal misali, yayin da lymphoma ba Hodgkin zai iya haɗawa da kwayoyin B ko T cell lymphocytes.
Sources:
Cruz-Adalia A et al. T kwayoyin halitta suna kashe kwayoyin kamala ta hanyar sassauci daga kwayoyin dendritic kuma suna bada kariya ga ƙwayoyin mice. Mai watsa shiri na Cell da Microbe . 2014 Mayu 14; 15 (5): 611-22.
Sharpe M et al. Kwayoyin T da aka gyara na ainihi a maganin ciwon daji: damar da kalubale. Misali na Kwayoyin cuta 2015 Afrilu 8 (4): 337-50.
US Library of Medicine. Takaddun shaida na Lymphocytes. Samun shiga Janairu 16, 2016.