Yawancin likitocin magunguna da masana maganin lipid sun dade suna cikin "maganin cholesterol." Harshen cholesterol, kawai ya bayyana, shine cewa matakin jini mai daraja na LDL cholesterol shine hanyar kai tsaye na atherosclerosis . Sabili da haka, yin aikin don rage matakan LDL na cholesterol muhimmin mataki ne na rage yanayin da muke ciki na bunkasa cututtukan zuciya na asherosclerotic na zuciya.
Shekaru da dama, masana sun bukaci mu canza abincinmu a hanyoyi da aka tsara domin rage yawan matakan cholesterol, kuma kamfanoni na kamfanoni sun kashe dubban miliyoyin daloli don bunkasa ƙwayar cholesterol. Harshen cholesterol ya zama magunguna ba kawai daga likitoci da masana'antu-masana'antu ba, amma har ma a cikin yawan jama'a.
Don haka, yana iya zama abin mamaki a ji cewa yawancin masana masana maganin lipid da masu ilimin zuciya na yanzu suna tambayar ko tsinkayen cholesterol gaskiya ne bayan duka. Duk da yake muhawarar tsakanin masu sana'a kan maganganun cholesterol sunyi yawa ne a bayan al'amuran da ba a cikin al'amuran jama'a ba, wannan ba ya rage karfin da kuma sha'awar jayayya. Saboda haka, duk da furtawar jama'a na wasu masanan kimiyya, ambaliyar cholesterol ba a fili ba "kimiyyar da za ta ci gaba".
Harshen Cholesterol
Harshen cholesterol ya dogara ne akan muhimman abubuwan da suka faru biyu.
Na farko, masana kimiyya sun nuna lokaci mai tsawo cewa tsirrai na cholesterol babban ɓangaren alamar atherosclerotic. Na biyu, nazarin annoba-musamman, Framingham Heart Study-ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke dauke da jini na cholesterol suna da mummunan haɗari na cutar zuciya na zuciya.
Bayan haka, a cikin shekarun 1990, gwajin gwagwarmaya na asibiti ya nuna cewa kungiyoyin da aka zaɓa waɗanda aka samu da ƙananan cholesterol sun sami sakamako mai kyau yayin da aka rage magungunan cholesterol na LDL tare da kwayoyin magunguna . Ga masana da yawa, wadannan gwaji sun tabbatar da tsinkayen cholesterol sau daya da duka.
Sabuwar Tambayoyi Game da Harshen Cholesterol
Amma a cikin shekarun da suka faru, duk da haka, ana kiran ƙwayar cholesterol zuwa tambaya mai tsanani. Yayinda wasu gwaje-gwaje masu gwagwarmaya marasa amfani da kwayoyin magunguna sun ci gaba da bada goyon baya ga maganin cholesterol, da sauran ƙwayoyin cholesterol-lowering, da amfani da kwayoyi ba tare da statins don rage yawan cholesterol ba, sun kasa nuna alamar asibiti.
Matsalar ita ce, idan ƙudarin cholesterol ya kasance gaskiya ne, to lallai ba abin da aka yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don rage cholesterol; duk wata hanyar rage yawan cholesterol ya kamata ya inganta sakamakon asibiti.
Amma wannan ba abin da aka gani ba. Nazarin da LDL cholesterol ke da matukar muhimmanci kuma an saukar da shi tare da niacin , ezetimibe , masu biyan acid , fibrates , masu maganin CETP , maganin maye gurbin hormone a cikin mata post-menopausal, da abincin mai mai ƙananan, duk da haka ba su iya nuna ingantattun sakamako na zuciya ba. .
Tabbas, a cikin wadannan gwaje-gwajen, an gano magungunan ciwon zuciya da magungunan cutar, duk da inganta matakan cholesterol.
A matsayin cikakkiyar ma'anar jikin gwajin da zazzaɓin cholesterol-ragewa da aka gudanar a yanzu, yana da kyau ace cewa rage ƙwayar cholesterol da statins yana neman inganta yanayin ƙwayoyin cutar, amma rage su tare da wasu magance ba. Wannan sakamakon ya nuna cewa amfanin kodarin cholesterol da ke ragewa tare da tsarin likita yana da mahimmanci ga batutuwa da kansu, kuma ba za'a iya bayyana shi ta hanyar rage kadan daga LDL cholesterol ba. Saboda wannan dalili, tsinkayen cholesterol, a kalla a cikin tsari mai kyau, yanzu yana cikin mummunan shakka.
Tambaya masu yawa game da batun da ake kira cholesterol ya zama gari sosai a shekara ta 2013, tare da wallafa sababbin hanyoyin magance cholesterol. A cikin babban buri tare da jagorancin cholesterol na gaba, shekarar 2013 ta watsar da shawarwarin don rage LDL cholesterol zuwa wasu matakan ƙira. Maimakon haka, sharuɗɗa sunyi mayar da hankali akan yanke shawarar abin da ya kamata a bi da mutane tare da statins. A gaskiya ma, ga mafi yawan marasa lafiya, waɗannan sharuɗɗa sun bada shawarar akan amfani da kwayoyi marasa tushe don rage ƙwayar cholesterol. A kalla a hankali, waɗannan sharuɗɗa sun watsar da maganin cholesterol na gargajiya, kuma ta haka ne suka haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin al'umma.
Ƙa'idar Domin Kuna Kashe Kwayar Cholesterol
Shari'ar da ake gabatar da ambaliyar cholesterol ta mutu kamar haka: Idan babbar LDL cholesterol shine ainihin hanyar atherosclerosis, to, rage yawan LDL cholesterol ta hanyar kowane hanya ya kamata inganta yanayin ƙwayoyin cuta. Amma, bayan yawancin cholesterol-rage yawan gwaji na asibiti ta amfani da yawancin jami'o'in cholesterol daban-daban, wannan sakamako mai sa ran ba abin da aka gani ba. Saboda haka, zancen cholesterol dole ne kuskure.
Statins na wakiltar wani akwati na musamman idan yazo da saurin ƙwayar cholesterol-downering. Statins yana da tasiri mai yawa a kan tsarin kwakwalwa ta jiki tare da rage ƙwayar cholesterol, da sauran nau'ikan (wanda aka haɗa tare da su don tabbatar da alamar atherosclerotic) zai iya bayyana yawancin, idan ba mafi yawan ba, na asali na asibiti. Drugs cewa rage cholesterol ba tare da wadannan, siffofi-stabilizing halaye ze ba haifar da irin wannan amfanin. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci don aikawa da waɗannan ka'idodin ba sa inganta yanayin ƙwayar cutar ta jiki ta hanyar rage ƙwayar cholesterol, amma, zai iya yin hakan ta hanyar wadannan, ba da cholesterol effects.
Da dama likitoci, da kuma adadi mai yawa na masana ilimin cholesterol, sun kasance suna shirye su yarda da wannan tunanin da kuma watsar da ƙwayar cholesterol gaba ɗaya.
Shari'ar da ke Nunawa da Harshen Cholesterol
Wasu masanan-watakila mafi rinjaye-har yanzu sun ƙi yarda da ra'ayin cewa matakan cholesterol ba muhimmancin ba ne. Suna da wannan ra'ayi sabili da sauki cewa, ko ta yaya za ka yanke shi, idan yazo da cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, wanda cholesterol yana da matsala.
Ana adana nau'ikan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar maganin Atherosclerotic tare da cholesterol. Har ila yau, muna da tabbacin cewa zazzaɓin cholesterol wanda ya ƙare a cikin alamomi ana kawo shi a wurin by matakan LDL. Bugu da ƙari, akwai akalla wasu shaidun cewa, idan ka rage LDL cholesterol cikin jini zuwa matakan ƙananan, za ka iya fara farawa tsarin aiwatar da atherosclerotic-kuma ka sa alamar ta yi raguwa. Bai wa wannan jigon shaida, yana da matukar damuwa don tabbatar da cewa matakan cholesterol ba kome ba ne.
Duk da yake tsinkayen cholesterol na ainihi ya kamata a sake nazari, wannan shine yanayin jigilar abubuwa. Ma'anar ba kome bane illa tsarin aiki. Yayin da kake koyon ƙarin bayani, za ka canza samfurin. Ta wannan dalili, lokaci ya yi da za a sake nazarin maganin cholesterol, ba tare da watsi ba.
An sabuntawa ga Menene?
Da alama wasu cholesterol yana da muhimmanci a samuwar siffofin atherosclerotic. Har ila yau, ya bayyana a fili cewa, yayin da ƙarar LDL cholesterol a cikin jini ya danganta da haɗarin atherosclerosis, akwai ƙarin labari fiye da batun jini kawai.
Me ya sa wasu mutane da manyan LDL cholesterol matakan ba su inganta muhimmiyar atherosclerosis ba? Me yasa wasu mutane da "LDL cholesterol" na al'ada "suna da nau'in siffar atherosclerotic cike da ƙwayar cholesterol mai yawa? Me yasa lalata tsarin LDL cholesterol da maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi guda biyu ya inganta sakamako, yayin da rage ƙimar LDL tare da wani miyagun ƙwayoyi ba?
Yanzu ya zama ainihin cewa ba kawai ƙwayoyin cutar cholesterol kadai suke da muhimmanci ba-yana da nau'ikan da kuma dabi'un maganin lipoprotein dake dauke da cholesterol. Musamman ma, ta yaya kuma a yayin da wasu kwayoyin lipoprotein ke hulɗa tare da endothelium na jini don inganta (ko jinkirta) gurbin takarda. Alal misali, yanzu mun sani cewa LDL cholesterol particles sun zo cikin "dandano." Wasu ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyi ne , wasu kuma babba ne, nau'i na "fluffy", wanda shine mafi yawancin zai samar da atherosclerosis fiye da karshen. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ƙwayoyin LDL da suka zama marasa lafiya sune masu guba ga lafiyar zuciya, kuma sun fi damuwa atherosclerosis. Hanyoyin kayan shafa da "halayyar" sunadarai na LDL sunyi tasiri da matakan aiki, irin abincin da muke ci, matakan hormone, wanda aka sanya mana kwayoyi, da kuma wasu dalilan da ba a riga an bayyana su ba.
Masana kimiyya suna hanzari da yawa game da nau'o'in lipoprotein daban-daban, kuma abin da ke sa su nuna hali a hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma a cikin yanayi daban-daban.
A wata ma'ana, zamu iya samun sabon ƙaddamar da ƙwayoyin cholesterol wanda yake la'akari da sabon koyo game da halin LDL, HDL , da kuma sauran lipoproteins-behaviors waɗanda ke ƙayyade lokaci, da kuma yadda za a ƙera ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin takardu . Kuma irin wannan maganganun da aka yi amfani da shi (don amfani) zai bada shawara da sababbin hanyoyi na canza dabi'un waɗannan lipoproteins don rage cututtukan zuciya.
Menene Game da Masu Haramtacciyar PCSK9?
Wasu masana sunyi iƙirarin cewa sakamakon binciken asibiti a yanzu an ruwaito tare da masu hanawa na PCSK9 sun tsĩrar da tsinkayen cholesterol, musamman ma, babu wani jujjuyawar abin da ake bukata na cholesterol akan waɗannan sakamakon.
Wadannan gwaji sun nuna cewa lokacin da aka sanya wani mai hana PCSK9 zuwa mahimmanci na statin, matsanancin matakin LDL cholesterol yawanci ya kai, kuma tare da wadannan ƙananan cholesterol matakan ingantaccen ci gaba a sakamakon binciken asibiti.
Amma wannan sakamakon ba ya nufin cewa ana kiran kafacciyar cholesterol na yau da kullum. Mutanen da aka yi nazari a cikin waɗannan gwaji, bayan haka, suna ci gaba da yin maganin maganin tsabta, saboda haka suna samun dukkan amfanin amfani da takaddama na "karin" wanda kwayoyin likita suka samar. Sabili da haka, maganin su na asibiti ba saboda "tsarkake" cholesterol ba. Bugu da ƙari, sakamakon da aka samu tare da kwayoyi na PCSK9 + statins ba ya rage gaskiyar cewa cholesterol ragewa tare da wasu kwayoyi da sauran hanyoyi sun kasa nuna alamar amfani.
Duk da sakamakon da aka gani yanzu tare da masu hana masu kwakwalwa na PCSK9, maganin cholesterol bai isar da cikakken bayani game da abin da aka gano a gwaji ba.
Layin Ƙasa
Abin da ya bayyana a fili shi ne cewa tsinkayen cholesterol na yau da kullum-ƙananan ƙananan cholesterol da ƙananan haɗarinku - yana da sauƙi don bayyana ko dai sakamakon abubuwan da muka gani tare da gwajin ƙaddarar ƙwayoyin cholesterol ko hanyoyin mafi kyau don rage yawan zafin cholesterol na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
A halin yanzu, masana sun bar wurin da ba su da dadi inda tunanin da suka yi a cikinmu na shekarun da suka wuce ba su da kyau-amma ba su riga sun shirya tare da sauyawa ba.
Da wannan a zuciyarsa, yana da muhimmanci ka tuna cewa sauye-sauyen salon rayuwa da magunguna da aka tsara don magance cututtuka da cututtuka, ciki har da kwayoyi masu rage yawan launi, sun tabbatar da amfanin. Kada ka daina tsaida magani ba tare da yin magana da likitanka ba.
> Sources:
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