Samun ƙananan ƙwayar cholesterol sau da yawa ana tunanin ya zama abu mai kyau ga lafiyar jiki. Amma iyalan iyali hypobetalipoproteinemia ne mai mahimmanci, wanda yake da nasaba da yanayin da ke haifar da matsananciyar matakin LDL cholesterol. Zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka waɗanda zasu buƙaci a bi da su ta hanyar abincin musamman da kuma ƙarin kayan. (Wata cututtuka da aka nuna ta hanyar low HDL matsala ne a tarihin iyali lipoprotein ko cutar Tangier .)
Iri
Wannan cuta mafi yawa yakan faru ne saboda maye gurbi a cikin gina jiki, apolipoprotein b (apoB). Wannan furotin yana haɗe da ƙwayoyin LDL kuma yana taimakawa wajen daukar nauyin ƙwayar cholesterol zuwa kwayoyin halitta.
Akwai nau'i biyu na hypobetalipoproteinemia: homozygous da heterozygous. Mutanen da suke homozygous na wannan yanayin suna da maye gurbi a duka kofe guda biyu. Kwayar cututtuka a cikin waɗannan mutane zai zama mafi tsanani kuma zai faru a baya a rayuwar, yawanci cikin shekaru 10 na rayuwa.
Mutane da yawa na Hurorozygous, a gefe guda, kawai suna da kofi guda ɗaya. Su alamun bayyanar sun fi karfi, kuma wani lokaci, bazai san ko suna da wannan likita har sai an gwada cholesterol a lokacin girma.
Low levels of cholesterol, musamman LDL cholesterol, na iya rage ka hadarin cututtukan zuciya. Duk da haka, idan ƙananan cholesterol ya ƙasaita, zai iya haifar da rikice-rikice na lafiya.
Cutar cututtuka
Girman bayyanar cututtuka za su dogara ne akan irin nau'in hypobetalipoproteinemia na iyali. Kowane mutum tare da homozygous iyali iyali hypobetalipoproteinemia da mafi tsanani bayyanar cututtuka fiye da heterozygous irin, wanda zai hada da:
- Diarrhea
- Ruwan jini
- Vomiting
- Gabatar da kayan ado, masu launin shuɗi
Bayan bayyanar cututtuka na gastrointestinal, jaririn ko jariri tare da homozygous hypobetalipoproteinemia ya nuna wasu bayyanar cututtuka daga samun matakan ƙananan lipids a cikin jini, kama da yanayin, abetalipoproteinemia. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka sun haɗa da:
- Matsalar da ba a magance matsaloli ba. Wannan yana iya kasancewa saboda ƙananan nau'i na lipids ko bitamin mai-mai narkewa mai rarraba a jiki. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya haɗawa da jinkirin raya kasa, babu tsinkayyar hanji, rauni, wahala tafiya, da kuma rawar jiki.
- Matsaloli tare da jini clotting . Wannan yana iya zama saboda rashin samfurin bitamin K. Kwayoyin jini suna iya zama mahaukaci.
- Maganin bitamin. Maganin bitamin (mai, K, da kuma E) mai maimaita mai ƙananan suna da ragu a cikin waɗannan mutane. Labaran suna da muhimmanci wajen daukar nauyin bitamin mai sassaka zuwa sassa daban-daban na jiki. Lokacin da lipids, kamar cholesterol da triglycerides , suna da ƙananan, ba su iya ɗaukar waɗannan bitamin a inda ake bukata.
- Sensory disorders . Wannan ya hada da al'amurran da suka shafi gani da sanarwa.
Mutanen da ke dauke da heterozygous hypobetalipoproteinemia iya samun alamar cututtuka na gastrointestinal, ko da yake mutane da yawa basu da alamun bayyanar.
Dukansu nau'o'in wadannan yanayi zasu sami nauyin ƙananan LDL da kuma matakan cholesterol.
Sanin asali
Za a yi wani launi na lipid don nazarin matakan cholesterol wanda ke cikin jini.
Wani gwajin cholesterol zai nuna ayoyi masu zuwa:
Homozygous
- Ƙididdigar ƙwayar cholesterol <80 MG / dL
- LDL cholesterol matakan <20 MG / dL
- Ƙananan matakan triglyceride
Heterozygous
- Yawan nauyin ƙwayar cholesterol <120 mg / dL
- LDL cholesterol matakan <80 MG / dL
- Triglyceride matakan yawanci al'ada (<150 mg / dL)
Matsayi na apolipoprotein B zai iya zama maras nauyi ga babu wanda ya dogara akan irin hypobetalipoproteinemia ba. Za a iya ɗaukar kwayar halitta na hanta don gane ko cutar cutar hanta ta taimaka wajen saukar da matakan lipid. Wadannan dalilai, baya ga bayyanar cututtuka da mutum ke fuskanta, zai taimaka tabbatar da ganewar asalin iyali hypobetalipoproteinemia.
Jiyya
Jiyya na hypobetalipoproteinemia ya dogara da irin cutar. A cikin mutane da nau'in homozygous, karin kariyar bitamin-musamman bitamin A, K, da kuma E-yana da mahimmanci. Za a iya tuntubar wani mai cin abinci a cikin waɗannan lokuta tun lokacin da ake amfani da abinci mai mahimmanci na kariyar mai ƙila za a aiwatar.
A cikin mutane da aka gano tare da nau'in hytebetalipoproteinemia na heterozygous, magani bazai buƙata ba idan basu fuskanci wani alamar cututtuka daga cutar ba. Duk da haka, wasu mutane mai suna heterozygous na iya buƙatar sanya su a kan abinci na musamman ko karɓar ƙarin tare da bitamin mai-mai sassaka idan cututtuka-irin su zawo ko bloating-suna nan.
Sources:
Beers MH, Porter RS, Jones TV. Jagora mai kula da ganewar asali da farfadowa. 19th edition, 2011.
Fauci AC, Kasper DL, Longo DL et al. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison. 18th edition, 2015.