Telehealth na iya kasancewa ta gaba na kokarin taimako ga marasa lafiya marasa lafiya
Masu amfani da lafiyar suna samun karuwa game da yanayin da kuma maganin da likitoci suka ba su. Yayinda wannan yanayin ya faru-kuma ya dace - ya hada da mutanen da ke zaune tare da wuyansa ko ciwon baya, an jefa maɗaukaki fiye da haka.
A yau da kullum, marasa lafiya da nau'o'in bincikar maganin yanzu suna yin karin bincike, suna ba da karin abubuwan da suka shafi kiwon lafiya a waje da ofishin likita kuma suna kira karin ƙarfin hali don yin magana akan kansu lokacin da suke jin rauni ko kuma sanya su.
Wannan na iya zama daga wajibi; magungunan likita, musamman ma a fagen fama na ciwon ramin jini, ya cika da mutanen da ke nuna ƙananan kaɗan, idan akwai, zabin taimako.
Alal misali, ba al'ada ba ne ga mutanen da suke da baya, wuyansa, ko ƙafar wutsiya ko ciwon zuciya don bayar da rahoto akan jurewa da yawa da bambance bambancen, sau da yawa fiye da sau ɗaya a kowace irin magani. Irin wannan jiyya na iya kasancewa daga farfasa jiki da magani don maganin injections da tiyata.
Duk da yawan zaɓuɓɓukan da aka yi kokarin, duk da haka, mutane da yawa sun ce sun fito ne daga tsarinsu tare da kasa da sakamako mai mahimmanci.
Ma'aikatan ƙwararru daga Cibiyoyin Kula da Lafiya (AHRQ) sun dubi dangantakar dake tsakanin kulawa da layi da gyare-gyare a cikin ɗakunan da wuyan marasa lafiya waɗanda suka rubuta su. Yayinda yawan kuɗin da aka samu da haƙuri ya zo a cikin adadin $ 6096 na haƙuri ga shekara ta 2005, masu bincike ba su iya tabbatar da farashin su tare da rage yawan ciwo ko gyaran jiki ba.
Ba wai kawai ba, amma a cikin shekaru takwas tsakanin 1997 zuwa 2005, sharuɗɗan kulawa da launi na karuwa da kashi 65, duk da cewa sakamakon ya kasance daidai da wannan. Bisa ga masana marubuta na AHRQ, "babu wani cigaba a wannan lokacin a halin da ake ciki na kiwon lafiyar, rashin aikin aiki, rashin aikin aiki, ko aiki na zamantakewa a tsakanin masu binciken [binciken] da matsalolin spine."
Wani batu a batu shi ne amfani da gwaje-gwaje na hotunan bincike-ba tare da wani dalili ba. Wani bincike na 2017 da aka wallafa a JAMA Medicine na ciki ya gano cewa ofisoshin likita da ke hade da asibitoci sun saba da yin amfani da MRI, X-rayuka, CT ta bincikar wasu cututtuka, ciki har da ciwon baya.
Bugu da ƙari, idan aka ba wa marasa lafiya maganin hoto don ba da gangan (watau, lokacin da mai haƙuri ba shi da alamun cututtuka), ana ganin su "low-value".
Har ila yau, binciken ya gano cewa, likitocin kiwon lafiya, sun ha] a da magunguna.
Idan ba ku sani ba, tare da ayyukan kulawa, asibitocin likitancin asibitin suna ba da kulawa ga mutanen da ke zaune a yankunan da ke kusa.
Shin Cibiyar Kula da Spine Care-Inganta Medicineze Su Patients?
Ƙungiyar zuwa rashin lafiyar lafiyar jiki za a iya dangana da lafiya 2.0, wanda ya fara a cikin 2000s a matsayin hanyoyin samar da fasaha ga marasa lafiya da masu kula da su suna son yin hulɗa da wasu a game da damuwa da likita.
Yau, Soshin lafiya, marasa lafiya kamar Ni, ƙungiyoyin Facebook sun sadaukar da wasu ƙayyadaddun yanayi ko jiyya, da wasu shafukan da ke da irin wannan manufa suna tawakashi. A can za ka iya samun likita likita, musayar ilmi, gaisuwa, da kuma comradery.
A gaskiya, da yawa daga cikin waɗannan shafuka suna da matukar nasara a cike da rata tsakanin lambobin bincike da likita ke aikawa zuwa asibiti da kuma abubuwan da marasa lafiya suka samu.
Wannan ya ce, ka tuna cewa sau da yawa mutane suna aikawa a kan waɗannan shafukan ba likitoci ba ne, wanda ke nufin yawancin ilimin da za ka samu shine mafi yawan ra'ayi fiye da gaskiya.
Wasu daga cikin kungiyoyi suna kuma haɓaka haɗin haɗin gwiwar tsakanin sassa na ci gaban masana'antun miyagun ƙwayoyi da na'urori da mambobin su. Yawancin mutanen nan suna hidima ne a matsayin masu haɗaka masu haƙuri ta wurin yin magana da mutane da yawa marasa ganewa.
Kodayake matsa lamba na karɓar tsarin likita mai haɗari yana hawa, yawancin masu samarwa sun fi son yin biyan kuɗi don yawan ayyukan da aka ba su. Hakazalika, akwai bayanan bayanai , kuma ci gaba da nuna damuwa, tare da nuna cewa ƙwanƙolin wuyansa da kuma ciwo na jinya yana da magani a Amurka.
Binciken na 2013 wanda aka wallafa a JAMA ya bincikar bayanan wadanda suka kamu da marasa lafiya 23,000 na shekara goma sha daya tsakanin shekara ta 1999 zuwa 2010. Binciken ya gano cewa takaddun ga NSAIDs da Tylenol sun ragu yayin da rubutun maganin narkewar ciwon hauka . Ba wai kawai ba, amma rubutun farfajiyar jiki shine kawai kashi 20 cikin 100 na duk takardun likita.
Gabatar da Telemedicine da Telehealth
Shawarwarin fasaha yana cikin sararin samaniya. Sabbin sababbin sabbin na'urori na telemedicine da cibiyoyin sadarwa suna samun tururi, kuma ba kawai ga marasa lafiya ba, amma ga kowa da kowa.
Har ila yau an kira kai tsaye zuwa likitan magunguna, telemedicine shine aikin likita a nesa, tare da amfani da murya, bidiyo, takardu, da bayanai. Harkokin ƙwayoyin cuta, a gefe guda, wani yanayi ne mai ma'ana wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa kamar ilimi, haɓaka, da kuma rigakafi. Telemedicine ya bambanta da labarun lafiya saboda cewa ainihin kwarewa ne, cikakke tare da amincewar HIPPA, lambobin bincike, jiyya, har ma a wasu lokuta, tiyata. Kuna iya yin la'akari da harkokin kasuwanci kamar abubuwa, ka'idojin asarar lalacewar yanar gizo don inganta lafiyar jiki, da sauransu.
Dukansu wurare suna har yanzu a cikin jariri. Amma dangane da wasu siffofi, masu bada shawara sunyi imanin cewa zasu iya taimakawa wajen inganta yanayin kulawa ga kowa da kowa, da kuma samar da kayan aikin likita da yawa da ake bukata don marasa lafiya. Yankunan da suka fi girma bukatun sun hada da yankunan karkarar Amurka da sabuwar masana'antu.
Wannan ya ce, ra'ayin ido na tsuntsu na fili na telemedicine ya nuna cewa sakamakon kiwon lafiya sakamakon sakamakon amfani da wannan hanyar bayarwa yana da nauyin haɓaka. Masu bayar da kayan aiki ba tare da biyo baya ba ne a koyaushe, kuma sun kasance shaidun da ke da alaƙa na likitoci da sauran masu aiki. (A gaskiya, wannan ma gaskiya ne ga masu samarwa da suke kulawa da gida, yayin da bin shafukan kula da asibiti yana iya zama kyakkyawan ra'ayi wanda ke amfani da masu bada ladabi da marasa lafiya, ba bisa doka ba ne.)
Ƙara zuwa wannan cewa ba duk rahoton marasa lafiyar lantarki suna jin dadin su da kulawa ba, kuma za ka ga cewa akwai bukatar yin aiki da yawa a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar telemedicine da telehealth.
Alal misali, a shekara ta 2017 da aka buga a JRSM Open gano cewa marasa lafiya na zuciya marasa lafiya da suka ga likitan su ta hanyar tsarin telemedicine sun bada rahoton kawai gamsuwa mai yawa da kwarewa. Ba wai kawai ba, amma sakamakon da aka samu a cikin wannan yanayin ya kasance matsakaici, kuma sabis ɗin bai gaza marasa lafiya ba wanda ake bukata ya fi kulawa.
Wani bincike na 2017, wanda aka buga a Pharmacology na Farko ya nuna cewa, don duk abin da ya dace da shi, telemedicine bazai iya samar da ingantaccen kiwon lafiya ba. Masu bincike sun kasa samo cikakkun shaida don bada shawara gameda magunguna ga masu ciwon sukari da suke buƙatar sarrafa halayen glycemic.
Telemedicine a cikin Harkokin Kula da Lafiya
Amma ga mutanen da ke da wuyansa da kuma ciwo, akwai karamin haske. Idan bincike na farko ya kasance wani nuni, mai kwakwalwa na lantarki da ƙurarru za su iya cin nasara fiye da waɗanda suka ga wasu likitocin kiwon lafiya ta hanyar bincike na yanar gizo.
Tun daga shekara ta 2017, yawancin masu bincike suna bayar da jawabi na sadarwar telemedicine kamar yadda ake gudanarwa a kula da mutum. Alal misali, nazarin shekara ta 2017 da aka buga a cikin Journal of Medicine Medicine and Rehabilitation ya gano cewa ƙananan matsalolin da ke fama da ƙananan marasa lafiya sun sami mafi kyaun ciwo, ingantaccen aikin jiki da kuma biyan tsarin aikin motsa jiki na jiki fiye da waɗanda suka yi tafiya don ganin likitan su. mutum.
Wani binciken, wanda ke kallon telemedicine don jinƙan ciwo, ya zo da irin wannan sakamakon. An wallafa wannan binciken a cikin watan Afrilun 2017 na Spine Journal.
Daga wannan bincike, an tattara ta cewa yayin da telemedicine ba duka ba ne, ƙare duk samfurin bayarwa wanda e-Health counseling may na so ku yarda cewa, a kalla a cikin kulawa ta duniya, yana riƙe da kanta don rage zafi da / ko rashin lafiya a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwo mai tsanani.
Wancan ya ce, marubuta sun lura cewa tun shekarar 2017, ana daukar nauyin haɗin gwiwar kamfanoni, kamar yadda aka saba da su.
Ɗaya daga cikin batutuwa masu tayar da hankali a cikin maganganun maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin ƙwaƙwalwa yana kewaye da zane-zane na kimiyya, tambayar tambayoyi kamar yawan nau'o'i na "fina-finai" kana bukatar ainihin mawuyacin hali? Ko kuma, ya kamata likita don ciwon baya ta atomatik ya buƙaci umarni na MRI ?
Shaidun shaida na asibiti sun nuna cewa ba haka ba sai dai idan kana da cututtukan jijiyoyi wanda zai iya nuna matsala mai mahimmanci , fina-finai da gwajin gwaje-gwaje ba dole ba ne don likita ya yi sanannen asali.
A gaskiya, bincike na 2011 da aka buga a Annals of Internal Medicine , Chou, et al, ya kammala cewa ba a haɗe da halayen yaudara ba tare da amfani da asibiti. Amma duk da haka likitoci da yawa sun ci gaba da ba da umurni ga marasa lafiya da ciwo mai tsanani.
Za a iya taimakon telemedicine?
Yi haƙuri, a'a. Ko da yake ba a gudanar da bincike sosai a kan wannan batu ba, binciken da aka buga a watan Maris 2016 na Telemedicine da kuma E-Health, sun gano cewa likitoci na telemedicine sun ba da umurni irin wannan fina-finai kamar likitoci a ofis, wanda ke tsakanin 79 da 88 kashi na marasa lafiya da aka gani.
Kalma Daga
A kalla a yanzu, muna komawa ɗaya. Masana da kuma mutanen da suka yi sanadiyar sun san shekarun da suka wuce cewa yin aiki mai yiwuwa shine babbar mahimmanci ga lafiyar lokaci mai tsawo, koda a yanayin yanayin da ake buƙatar kulawa.
Musamman ma, karfafawa ta kashin baya da ƙarfafawa na gaba sun tabbatar da kansu a cikin binciken bincike.
Alal misali, bincike na shekara ta 2001 ya gano cewa bayan shekaru biyu zuwa uku, marasa lafiya da suka dogara ga aikin kula da lafiyar sun kasance sau biyu kamar yadda zasu fuskanci matsalarsu idan aka kwatanta da wadanda suka fara aikin motsa jiki wanda aka tsara musamman don yanayin su. Bugu da kari ga gudanar da aikin likita.
Saboda haka, koyarwar motsa jiki daga mai bada horo wanda ya fahimci yanayinka na musamman yana iya kasancewa mafi kyawun kyauta don jin zafi-ko ka gan su a kan layi ko a asibitin.
> Sources:
> Chou, R., et. al. Hanyoyin kwaskwarima don rashin jinƙan ciwo: shawara ga lafiyar lafiyar ƙwararren likita daga Kwalejin Kwalejin Na Amirka. Ann Intern Med. Feb 2011. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21282698
> Dario, A. Amfanin Harkokin Ciniki na Harkokin Ciniki na Ƙungiyoyin Mutane da Ƙananan Raɗa. Spine. Afrilu 2071. https://www.fotoinc.com/news-updates/fafancin-telehealth-low-back-pain
> Gialanella, B., Telemedicine na gida a cikin marasa lafiya tare da baƙin ciki mai wuya. Jaridar Amirka ta Magungunan Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Harkokin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Harkokin Kwayoyin Harkokin Kwayoyin Harkokin Kasuwanci: Mayu 2017. http://journals.lww.com/ajpmr/Abstract/2017/05000/Home_Based_Telemedicine_in_Patients_with_Chronic.8.aspx
> Hides, J., et. al. Yawancin lokaci na ƙayyadaddun gwagwarmaya don ƙaddamar da ciwo na farko-episode. Spine. Yuni 2001. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11389408
> Kruse, C., et. al. Amfanin telemedicine a cikin kula da cutar cututtukan zuciya - nazari na yau da kullum. JRSM Buɗe. Maris 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5347273/
> Lee, S., et. al. Telemedicine don gudanar da Glycemic Control da Clinical Results na Type 1 Ciwon sukari Mellitus: A Review System da Meta-Analysis na Nazarin Randomized Nazarin. Front Pharmacol. Mayu 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5447671/
> Mafi, J., et. al. Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Harkokin Kula da Kasuwanci ta Kasuwanci da Gudanarwa tare da Gidaran Kula da Ƙananan Kulawa a Amurka. Jama Jama'ar Kwaminis. Yuni 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28395013
> Mafi, J., et. al. damuwa da labaru a cikin gudanarwa da kuma kula da ciwo na bnack. JAMA Intern Med. Satumba 2013. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23896698
> Uscher-Pines, L, et. al. Samun dama da kuma Kulawa da Kulawa a cikin masu amfani da Telemedicine. Telemedicine da e-Lafiya. Maris 2016. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/tmj.2015.0079