Ƙarin Bayanai game da Babban Ƙungiyar Jiki
Fata shi ne mafi girma kwayar, kuma yana da daya daga cikin mafi rikitarwa. Yana canza sau da yawa, kuma yana ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin maɓuɓɓuka da yawa. Nauyin fata shine aikin farko na karewa wanda ke hulɗa da yanayi mai maƙwabci. Har ila yau, yana taimakawa wajen daidaita yanayin jiki, tattara bayanai masu ma'ana daga yanayin kewaye, kuma suna taka rawar gani a cikin tsarin rigakafi don kare jiki daga cutar.
Koyon yadda fararen fata farawa tare da fahimtar tsari na nau'i uku na fata: epidermis, da dermis, da kuma kayan ciki.
The Epidermis
Shafukan na gizo shine matsakaicin matsakaici na nau'i uku na fata. Tsarinta ya dogara da inda yake a jikin. Alal misali, yana da bakin ciki a kan eyelids (rabin millimeter). Yana da kauri a kan dabino da ƙafafun ƙafa (1.5 millimeters).
Akwai biyar layers na epidermis:
- Basirar Stratum: Wannan ƙasa mai tushe, wanda kuma aka sani da basal cell Layer, yana da ƙananan sassan jiki wanda ke rarraba kuma yana tura ƙwayar tsofaffi zuwa farfajiya. Yayinda kwayoyin suna motsawa ta fata , sai su shimfiɗa kuma su mutu da zubar.
- Stratum spinosum: Wannan Layer, wanda kuma aka sani da lakabiyar sifa, shi ne Layer Layer na epidermis. Ya ƙunshi sabon keratinocytes , wanda ke ƙarfafa sunadaran. Har ila yau yana dauke da kwayoyin Langerhans da ke taimakawa wajen kawar da kamuwa da cuta.
- Stratum granulosum: Wannan Layer yana ƙunshe da masu keratinocytes masu yawa zuwa motsi.
- Stratum lucidum: Wannan Layer Akwai samuwa kawai a hannun hannayensu da ƙafafun ƙafa.
- Stratum corneum: Wannan ita ce matsakaicin ko saman saman epidermis. An yi daga matattu, ɗakin keratinocytes da zubar kusan kowane mako biyu.
Akwatin ya ƙunshi sassa uku na musamman:
- Melanocytes da suke samar da alade (melanin)
- Langerhans kwayoyin halitta wadanda suke aiki a matsayin farko na kare a cikin tsarin rigakafin fata
- Kwayoyin Merkel da ke da aikin da ba'a fahimta sosai ba
A Dermis
A dermis shine tsakiyar Layer na uku layers na fata. Yana tsakiyar tsakanin epidermis da nama mai ciki. Ya ƙunshi nama mai haɗin kai, halayen jini, man fetur da gishiri, gurasar nerve, da gashin gashi. An raba raguwa zuwa sassa guda biyu-ƙumshiyar papillary, wanda shine bakin ciki, lakabi na sama, da kuma dericular dermis, wanda shine lokacin farin ciki, ƙananan Layer. Girman daga cikin bayanan ya bambanta dangane da matsayinta a jiki. A kan fatar ido, yana da 0.6 millimeters lokacin farin ciki. A baya, da hannayen hannu, da kuma kwancen ƙafa yana da mintuna 3.
A dermis yana gida zuwa nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban na daban waɗanda suke cikin ko'ina:
- Collagen
- Rubutun ƙira
- Ƙananan zaruruwa
A dermi ya ƙunshi da yawa ƙananan sel da Tsarin, ciki har da:
- Hair follicles
- Gilashi mai ban mamaki
- Apocrine da endocrine gland
- Jigilar jini da ƙarewa
- Meissner da kuma lambobin lantarki wanda ke watsa abubuwan da suka ji daɗi da matsa lamba.
Sashin Harshen Abubuwa
Sanyayyaki mai laushi shine mafi zurfi da kuma na ciki na ciki na sassa uku na fata. Yawanci yawanci ne mai yalwa, nama mai haɗi da kuma jini da jijiyoyi masu girma.
Nauyin wannan Layer ya bambanta dangane da inda yake a jiki-alal misali, yana da tsalle a kan buttocks, ƙafafun ƙafafu, da hannun hannuwan.
Sashin bishiyar subcutaneous abu ne mai mahimmanci na tsarin jiki na jiki. Har ila yau yana aiki a matsayin matashi, don haka idan ka fada ko buga wani abu tare da jikin ka, zai kare kawancinka kuma ya sa rauni ya ji rauni.
> Source:
> Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins da Cotran Pathologic Basis na cuta . Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2015.