Mene ne ma'anar hemoglobin? Mene ne matakan al'ada kuma a yaushe ne lambar girma ko ƙasa? Menene ma'anar idan kuna da nakasar haemoglobin mahaukaci kuma wane gwaji za a iya yi? Kuna iya mamakin yawan yanayi daban-daban wanda zai iya rinjayar matakin jinin ka.
Definition
Hemoglobin ne mai gina jiki a cikin kwayoyin jinin jini (RBCs) wanda ke ɗauke da oxygen daga huhu zuwa kyallen takalma cikin jiki.
Hanyoyin sinadari a cikin hemoglobin shine alhakin launi na jini.
Tsarin
Hemoglobin shine furotin a cikin kwayoyin jinin jini wanda aka ƙunshi sassan huɗu. Kowace wadannan sarƙoƙi sun ƙunshi wani fili wanda ake kira heme, wanda hakan ya ƙunshi ƙarfe, wanda shine abin da ke dauke da oxygen a jini.
Hemoglobin yana da alhakin siffar jinin jinin, wanda yawanci yana kama da donuts amma tare da cibiyar ta tsakiya maimakon rami. A cikin yanayin da halayen haemoglobin ya zama mahaukaci, irin su rashin lafiya na sikila, yanayin haɗari na jini na jini zai haifar da matsalolin.
Yanayi
Hemoglobin yana aiki ta hanyar daurin da kuma daukar nauyin oxygen daga capillaries a cikin huhu zuwa duk kyallen cikin jikin.
Yanayi na al'ada
Ana ganin yawancin haemoglobin a matsayin ɓangare na ƙididdigar jini (CBC) , Yanayin na hemoglobin na al'ada ya bambanta dangane da shekaru da jima'i. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 14-18 g / dl ga namiji da yaro da 12-16 g / dl ga mace mai girma.
Yanayi tare da Hemoglobin Low
Ƙananan matakin hemoglobin ana kiransa anemia . Sakamakon anemia zai iya haɗawa da duk abin da ya shafe ko dai tare da hemoglobin ko adadin kwayoyin jini a cikin jiki. Tare da jinin jinin, to, akwai hasara (kamar yadda yake cikin zub da jini,) rashin samarwa a cikin kasusuwan kasusuwa (ko dai saboda lalacewar kasusuwan kasusuwa ko maye gurbin ƙwayar zuma ta jikin kwayoyin jini,) ko jinin jini Kwayoyin suna iya zama a rushe a cikin jini ("hemolyzed.") Akwai dalilai masu yawa na halayen haemoglobin low ciki har da:
- Rawan jini: Wannan zai iya faruwa saboda aikin tiyata, lokacin hasara mai tsanani, hadarin jini daga sashin gastrointestinal, ko wani nau'i na jini. Mata wadanda ke da tsaka-tsakin suna da alaƙa fiye da maza don samun raunin hemoglobin low saboda rashin asarar wata na jini.
- Rashin samarwa a cikin kututtukan kasusuwa, ko dai saboda raunin kasusuwan kasusuwan (irin su aplastic anemia,) ko kuma infiltration na kasusuwa na nama tare da ciwon daji (kamar su leukemias ko lymphomas ko tumattun ƙwayoyin cuta irin su ciwon ƙwayar nono.)
- Rashin rashawar jini, kamar yadda anemia ya nakalto.
- Dalili na gina jiki ko rashin amfani na baƙin ƙarfe ( anemia rashi ƙarfe ) ko bitamin B12 (mummunan anemia.)
- Koda cututtuka.
Yanayi Tare da Hemoglobin Mai Girma
Akwai yanayi da yawa da ke hade da matakin haɓakar haɓakar haemoglobin, ciki har da:
- Kwayoyin cuta kamar COPD da fibrosis na huhu .
- Ciwon cututtuka na zuciya (cututtukan zuciya da ke cikin haihuwa).
- Zuciyar zuciya na dama (ƙananan ƙwayoyi.)
- Za'a iya ɗaukar matakin haemoglobin wanda aka dauka (wanda kawai ya zama mai girma) saboda rashin jin dadi.
Haɗarin Hemoglobins
Yanayin da haemoglobin ke da tsarin haɓaka sun haɗa da:
- Ciwon ƙwayar cutar Sickle cell : Anemia na sikila ne yanayin da aka haifa wanda mahallincin mahaukaci ya haifar da jinin jini wanda aka tsara kamar sickles. Wadannan jinin jini zasu iya samun "makale" a cikin jini wanda zai haifar da matsaloli masu yawa.
- Thalassemia
Sauran gwaje-gwaje don Tattauna Ƙananan Hemoglobin
Lokacin da likita ya lura da matakin low hemoglobin ta kuma dubi wasu gwaje-gwaje na jarida wanda zai iya taimaka wajen ƙayyade dalilin. Wadannan sun hada da jimlar jini, ƙididdigar jini na jini kamar MCHC (yana nufin haɓakar haemoglobin na corpuscular,) MCH (yana nufin hawan hemoglobin mai kwakwalwa,) da kuma MCV (yana nufin ƙarar jiki.) Za a iya aiwatar da sashin ƙwayar ferritin wanda ya bada nuni ƙarfe a cikin jiki.
Layin Ƙasa
Idan kun ji game da hemoglobin, zaku iya tunanin zub da jini, musamman ma zubar jini. Duk da haka akwai nau'i-nau'i masu yawa wanda zai iya haifar da kogin haemoglobin mai daraja ko haɓaka.
Bugu da ƙari, akwai nau'ikan alamun haemoglobin wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen cutar. Domin sanin abin da ya faru na lowglobin low ko high, likitanku zai tambayi tambayoyi, yi nazari na jiki, kuma duba wasu gwaje-gwajen jini tare da haɗin gwargwadon hemoglobin.
Alal misali: Frank na jin kunya bayan chemotherapy , kuma masanin ilimin likitancin ya gaya masa cewa hemoglobin ya kasa.
> Sources:
> Makarantar Kasuwancin Lafiya. MedlinePlus. Hemoglobin. Updated 07/05/17. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003645.htm