Koyi daidai Abin da Sha'idodin Lafiya na Blood Can Tell You

RBC Values ​​na taimakawa wajen maganin cutar anemia da sauran cututtuka

Idan kana duban lamarin jinin ka a kan CBC, za ka iya ganin adadin asali da dama da aka hada tare da ƙidayar yawan. Kwayoyin jini na jini, mai suna MCHC, MCV, MCH, da RDW sun ba da ƙarin bayani game da jinin jinin ku kuma zai iya taimakawa wajen tantance matsalar cutar anemia da sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya.

Bari mu dubi bayanan da ke cikin ƙimar jinin ku ( CBC ), ciki har da ƙididdigar jini, sannan ku tattauna ma'anar da mahimmancin kowannen waɗannan alamu.

Kwancen Kuɗi na Ƙarshenku (CBC)

Kundin jini cikakke (CBC) wani gwajin jini ne wanda likitoci ya umurce su don su iya kimanta abun da ke ciki da ingancin jini a jikinka. Wadannan jini sun hada da:

• Kwayoyin jini na jini (leukocytes) wanda ke taimakawa wajen yaki da kamuwa da cuta
• Kwayoyin jini (erythrocytes) wanda ke rarraba oxygen cikin jiki
• Platelets (thrombocytes) wanda ke gudanarwa jini

Rajistar Lafiyar Blood (RBC)

Rajistar jinin jini (RBC) shine adadin jinin jinin da aka samu a cikin jininka. Adadin RBC na yau da kullum yana dogara da shekarun da jinsi:

• Ga mata, 4.2 - 5.4 miliyan / mcL
• Ga maza, 4.7 - 6.1 miliyan / mcL
• Ga yara 4.1 - 5.5 miliyan / mcL

Wani ƙananan jinin jini yana dauke da anemia . Akwai matsaloli daban-daban na anemia, wanda nauyin ƙarfe ya zama ɗaya. Kwayoyin jinin jini sun taimaka sosai wajen rarrabe waɗannan matsaloli daban-daban.

Ana kiran adadin jinin jini mai suna erythrocytosis ko polycythemia .

Dalili zai iya haɗa da haɓaka (wanda matakin ba shine ainihin haɗuwa ba, amma ya nuna cewa hanyar saboda ƙananan juzuwan jini a cikin jini), buƙatar samun ƙarin oxygen ɗauke da karfin jini, kamar rayuwa a manyan tudu, COPD, ko rashin ƙarfi na zuciya, da kuma ƙara yawan kwayoyin ja a cikin kututtukan kasuwa saboda yanayi kamar polycythemia vera.

Yayinda kake kallon adadin RBC duka zai iya gaya muku idan yawancin jinin jininku yana da ƙasa, al'ada, ko babba, ba ya gaya maka dalilin da yasa yawan ƙidayar ya zama mahaukaci. Saboda haka buƙatar ƙarin kimantawar waɗannan kwayoyin halitta. Koda kuwa yawan RBC yana da al'ada, kallon labaran RBC zai iya bayar da wasu alamu mai mahimmanci a cikin bincikar yanayin likita.

Rediyoyin Blood Cell (RBC) Indices

Tare da kididdigar RBC duka, rahotannin RBC sun bada bayani game da girman da ingancin jinin jininku. Ana iya amfani da wannan don tantance matsalar da rashin lafiya na anemia da kuma samar da alamu mai mahimmanci akan wasu yanayin kiwon lafiyar da kuke da shi.

Lissafi na RBC sun ƙunshi nau'i hudu da aka fi sani da ma'anar ƙwayar haɓakar hawan gwiglobin jiki (MCHC), ma'anar ƙwayar jikin jiki (MCV), ma'anar haemoglobin na jiki (MCH), da kuma gwargwadon lambun salula (RDW).

Ma'anar Harkokin Kasuwanci na Hemoglobin (MCHC)

Ma'anar haɓakar haemoglobin na jiki (MCHC) shine ƙaddara yawan haɓakar haemoglobin a cikin jinin jini.

Hemoglobin shine gina jiki mai dauke da baƙin ƙarfe a cikin kwayoyin jinin jini wanda aikinsa shine ɗaukar oxygen. Har ila yau shine kashi wanda ya bada launin jinin su launi. Duk wani canji a cikin maida hankali zai iya sa sel ya bayyana fiye da ƙasa.

MCHC tana gaya muku ko jinin jinin mutum yana da haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar jini ko fiye da abin da za'a sa ran. Tsarin al'ada na MCHC shine tsakanin 33.4 da 35.5 grams da kowane mai ba da izini a cikin manya. Duk wani darajar da ke waje da kewayon kewayawa an bayyana kamar haka:

MCHC mafi girma: Lokacin da MCHC ke da girma, ana kiran sabobin jini a matsayin hyperchromic . Dalili mai yiwuwa na babban MCHC (wanda ba a sani ba) sun hada da:

• Hakanan nakasa mai kwakwalwa , wani yanayin da jikin da ke cikin kwayar cutar yana dauke da kwayoyin jini
• Gwaran kwayoyin halitta, kwayoyin halitta wanda ke dauke da anemia da gallstones

Low MCHC: Lokacin da MCHC ke da ƙasa, ana kiran su kwayoyin hypochromic . Dalili mai yiwuwa sun haɗa da:

• Ƙananan rashi anemia . Duk wani yanayi na iya haifar da anemia na baƙin ƙarfe, ciki har da ciki, da asarar jini, ƙarancin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin gut (wanda ya sa, misali, tare da cutar Celiac ko cutar Crohn), da kuma abinci mai gina jiki mara kyau.

Yayinda yake da magunguna ko hypochromic, ana mayar da hankali ga maganin maganin yanayin da ya dace. Ƙarin ƙarfe da kuma ƙara yawan abincin abincin da ake amfani da baƙin ƙarfe zai iya taimakawa wajen maganin anemia na baƙin ƙarfe, amma ba a buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe ba ga mutanen da ba su da ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe (ana iya adana baƙin ƙarfe cikin hanta da zuciya). Ana iya amfani da ƙwayar jini a lokuta mafi tsanani.

Ma'anar Kundin Tsarin Kwafi (MCV)

Ma'anar ƙananan kwakwalwa (MCV) yana auna ƙwayar jini mai girman jini, ma'anar ainihin girman kwayoyin halitta.

Tsarin al'ada na MCV shine tsakanin 80 da 96 mata a kowace tantanin halitta.

Low MCV: Low MCV ta nuna cewa kwayoyin jinin jini ƙanana ne, ko microcytic . Dalili mai yiwuwa sun haɗa da:

• Gubar guba
• Thalassemia (magungunan maganin kwayoyin halitta sune cututtukan kwayoyin da ke dauke da haɓakar hemoglobin mahaukaci)
• Mutuwar cuta mai tsanani
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Giant cell arteritis .

High MCV: Tsarin MCV mai girma yana nuna jinin jinin ya fi girma fiye da al'ada, ko macrocytic . Dalilin anemia macrocytic sun hada da:

• Dandalin Vitamin B12
• Rashin rashi (duka raunin bitamin B12 da kuma raunin maganin kuma ana kiran su anemia megaloblastic, saboda RBCs macrocytic)
• Cutar cutar
• Alcoholism
• Hypothyroidism
• Magunguna irin su maganin ilimin chemotherapy da cututtuka na reroviral don HIV

Dandalin MCV: Yana da muhimmanci a lura cewa mutum zai iya samun anemia kuma yana da MCV na al'ada. Wannan ana kiran shi anemia normocytic . Dalili zai iya haɗawa da:

• Rawan jini na asararwa
• Koda gazawar
• Heemolytic anemia
• Abinci na gina jiki

Ma'anar Hemoglobin (Corpuscular Hemoglobin) (MCH)

Ma'anar haemoglobin na jiki (MCH) shine adadin haemoglobin na jini a cikin samfurin jini. Tsarin al'ada na MCH shine tsakanin 27.5 da 33.2 picograms ta cell.

MCH yana darajar taɗi daidai da darajar MCV, kuma wasu likitoci sun gano cewa jarabawar ba zata taba ba. Kamar yadda irin wannan, idan girman jinin jini ya fi girma (kamar yadda MCV ya auna), adadin hemoglobin da kwayoyin jinin jini zai kasance babba (kamar yadda aka auna ta MCH), kuma a madadin.

Yayin da za'a iya amfani da MCH kadai don sanin idan anemia ta kasance hypertension, hypo-, ko normocytic, dole ne a yi la'akari da MCV tare da MCH tun lokacin da girman kwayar halitta ta shafi rinjayen hemoglobin ta tantanin halitta.

Red Cell rarraba Width (RDW)

Gidaran layin salula (RDW) jaraba ce wanda ya nuna rashin daidaituwa a girman girman jini (kuma yana da daidaitattun daidaituwa na MCV). Rundunar ta RDW ta al'ada tana nufin cewa kwayoyin jan jini suna da kama da girman, yayin da RDW mafi girma yana nufin cewa akwai ƙari a cikin girman jinin jinin.

Wasu likitoci sunyi imanin cewa RDW yana daya daga cikin filayen ƙwayar salula mai mahimmanci wajen yin gwajin. Baya ga rawar da ya taka wajen taimakawa wajen bincikar cutar anemia, wani Rundunar RDW mai girmanta na iya hango hadarin cewa akwai cutar cututtuka a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da cutar hawan jini. Har ila yau, yana bayar da alamomi ga rashi mai gina jiki wanda bazai iya lura da ita ba tare da sauran gwaje-gwaje kadai. A ƙarshe, jarabawa mai kyau ne don ƙayyade idan ana buƙatar ƙarin gwaji, kamar jini na jini.

Tsarin al'ada na RDW shine kashi 10.2 zuwa kashi 14.5.

RDW yana da taimako idan aka kimanta tare da MCV. Misalin wasu dalilai sun haɗa da:

High RDW da low MCV (microcytic):

• Ƙananan rashi anemia
• Ciwon sikila anemia

High RDW da al'ada MCV (normocytic):

• Ƙananan rashi anemia
• Haɗin haɗin gwiwa
• Sanin jini (bayan 'yan kwanaki)
• Hemoglobin bambancin

High RDW da high MCV (macrocytic):

• Dandalin Vitamin B12
• Rashin rashi
• Cold agglutinin cuta
• Myelodysplastic ciwo
• Mamanin jini wanda ba shi da haɗari

Kayan aikin RDW da high MCV :

• Harkar cutar (na kullum)
• Anemia aplastic
• Barasa mai dangantaka

Kayan aikin RDW da low MCV :

• Mutuwar cuta mai tsanani
• Wasu nau'o'in thalassemia
• Wasu haemoglobin mahaukaci

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan kawai misalai ne, kuma akwai wasu hanyoyi.

Kalma Daga

CBC wani jarrabawar jini ne na jini kuma ya haɗa da ƙwayar jinin jinin ƙari da ƙari ga ƙwayar jini da kuma plalets. Kwayar jinin jini zai iya gaya wa likitoci game da yawan jinin jinin da kake da shi amma ya faɗi kadan game da dalilin da ya faru.

RBC bashi, ta hanyar kallon halaye na jini, yana taimakawa wajen gano ainihin cutar anemia amma a bincikar yanayin likita har ma lokacin da kwayar jinin jini ta kasance al'ada.

Haɗuwa da wadannan alamun sun bada mahimmanci alamomi wajen rage alamar anemia. Misalai da aka bayar a sama su ne kawai daga cikin yiwuwar haddasawa, kuma ƙayyade ainihin dalilin cutar anemia shine wani lokacin kalubale. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje na jini sun fi amfani da su tare da tarihin mai hankali, jarrabawa na jiki, da kuma duk wani gwaji da aka nuna.

Koyo game da gwaje-gwaje na jini zai iya taimaka maka ka tambayi likitanka don ka fahimci ko wane ƙwarewar da ta yi, ko kuma ƙara gwadawa da yake bada shawara. Bugu da ƙari, ana kiran mutane a matsayin mai aiki mai aiki a lafiyar su, da kuma koyo yadda za a yanke shawara game da lafiyarsu. Yin amfani da lokacin da za a koyi game da dabi'u na lab ɗinka zai iya taimaka maka ka ƙarfafa cikin yin zaɓin da ya fi dacewa gareka kadai.

> Sources:

> Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, da Stephen L .. Hauser. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison. New York: Ilimin Mc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.

> Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, da kuma Jon C. Aster. Robbins da Cotran Pathologic Basis na cuta. Philadelphia: Elsevier-Saunders, 2015. Print.

> Nagao, T., da M. Hirokawa. Bincike da Kula da Magungunan Macrocytic a cikin Manya. Jaridar General da Family Medicine . 2017. 18 (5): 200-204.

> Shah, N., Pahuja, M., Pant, S. et al. Red Cell rarraba Width da Hadarin Mortality Tsarin ciki: Sanin lafiyar lafiyar lafiyar jiki da kwarewa ta jiki (NHANES) -III. International Journal of Cardiology . 2017. 232: 105-110.