Gwajin gwajin Yaditis B ko Aiki
Hepatitis B antigen surface (HBsAg) wani gwajin jini ne da aka umurce shi don sanin idan wani ya kamu da ciwon cutar hepatitis B. Idan aka samo shi, tare da wasu kwayoyin cutar, yana nufin mutum yana da ciwon hauka na cutar hepatitis B. Idan jininka yana da tabbaci ga HBsAg, yana nufin cewa kana da cutar don cutar kuma zai iya ba da shi zuwa wasu mutane ta wurin jininka ko ruwan jiki.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B shine rashin lafiya mai hanta mai tsanani wanda cutar Hizab B ta haifar (HBV). Ga wasu mutane, kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B yana ci gaba da rayuwa, ma'ana yana da fiye da watanni shida. Samun ciwon hepatitis B yana ƙaruwa da haɗarin bunkasa ciwon hanta, ciwon hanta ko cirrhosis-yanayin da ke haifar da ciwon hanta na hanta.
Yawancin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon hauka B kamar yadda jariri ke farkawa sosai, koda kuwa alamunsu da alamunsu suna da tsanani. Yara da yara suna iya haifar da kamuwa da cutar rashin ciwon hawan B. Alurar rigakafi na iya hana hepatitis B, amma babu magani idan kana da shi. Idan kun kamu da cutar, shan wasu kariya zai iya taimakawa wajen yada HBV zuwa wasu.
Cutar cututtuka
Alamai da bayyanar cututtuka na hepatitis B, daga sauƙi zuwa mai tsanani, yawanci yakan bayyana game da wata zuwa hudu bayan an kamu da ku. Suna iya hada da:
- Abun ciki na ciki
- Dark fitsari
- Fever
- Haɗin gwiwa
- Rashin ci
- Nuna da zubar
- Dama da gajiya
- Samun launin fata da fata na idanunku (jaundice)
Dalilin
Cutar cutar Hepatitis B tana wucewa daga mutum zuwa mutum ta hanyar jini, maniyyi ko sauran ruwan jiki.
Hanyoyin HBV na yau da kullum sun hada da:
- Saduwa da jima'i. Kuna iya zama kamuwa idan kana da jima'i ba tare da karewa ba tare da abokin tarayya wanda ya kamu da cutar, wanda jini, sali, sashi, ko ɓoye na ciki ya shiga jikinka.
- Yin musayar magunguna. HBV ana sauƙin yaduwa ta hanyoyi da sassan da aka gurbata tare da jini mai kamu. Yin musayar magungunan miyagun ƙwayoyin cuta (IV) yana haifar da haɗarin hepatitis B.
- Abun maciji maras amfani. Hepatitis B shine damuwa ga ma'aikatan kula da kiwon lafiya da kuma duk wanda ya zo da jini.
- Uwar yaro. Mata masu juna biyu da ke ɗauke da HBV zasu iya sanya cutar zuwa ga jarirai a lokacin haihuwar. Duk da haka, jaririn zai iya yin maganin alurar rigakafi don kaucewa samun kamuwa da cutar a kusan dukkanin lokuta. Yi magana da likitanku game da gwadawa don ciwon haifa B idan kun kasance ciki ko kuma so ku zama ciki.
Idan kun kasance tabbatacce ga HBsAg, jininku da ruwaye na jiki sun ƙunshi cutar kuma za ku iya watsa shi ga wasu.
Ƙarin Game da HBsAg
HBsAg, wanda aka yadu a cikin watanni hudu zuwa shida a cikin cututtukan da ba'a iya ɗaukar kansa (cututtukan da suka yanke shawarar da kansu), ana iya ganowa a cikin jini a yayin da manyan cututtuka (cututtuka da suka zo ba zato ba tsammani) da cututtuka na har abada (cututtuka na ƙarshe na tsawon lokaci watanni shida). Bugu da ƙari, alamun da bayyanar cututtuka da cewa mai haƙuri yana da, ƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta za a iya jarraba su don bambanta tsakanin cututtuka mai tsanani da ciwo.
A tsakiyar kwayar cutar hepatitis B ita ce DNA, wanda ya ƙunshi kwayoyin da cutar ke amfani da su don yin amfani da shi.
Kwayar da DNA shine gina jiki mai suna HBcAG (cutar asibiti B), wanda ba za'a iya gano shi tare da gwajin jini ba. Kashe wannan shine HBsAg, wanda shine ainihin ɓangare na "ambulaf" mai tsaro. Wannan ambulaf yana kewaye da cutar kuma yana kare shi daga kai hari ta hanyar rigakafin jiki. Duk da haka, tsarin rigakafin yana da kyau a samun wannan ambulaf don ya kashe cutar. Lokacin da yake faruwa, an rage alamun antigen na farfadowa cikin jini kamar tarkace, wanda gwajin gwaji zai iya ganowa.
Gwaran gwaje-gwaje na Hepatitis B
Za a iya ɗaukar jini don HBV don dalilai daban-daban. Gwaje-gwaje uku sun hada da HBsAg, antibody zuwa HBsAg, da kuma antibody zuwa ciwon asibiti B.
Wannan ya ba likita damar sanin ko za ka iya amfana daga alurar riga kafi, ko kuma idan kana da aiki ko ciwon hauka na B kullum kuma yana bukatar shawara, kula, ko magani.
Zaka iya yin gyare-gyare idan kun kasance cikin ciki, suna bada jini ko nama, yana buƙatar farfadowa na immunosuppressive, ko kuma yana da ciwon ƙwayar cutar ta ƙarshe. Za'a kuma kula da kai idan kun kasance cikin kungiyoyin da ke da haɗari ga HBV.
> Source:
> Tambaya B Tambayoyi don Masana Lafiya. Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/hbvfaq.htm.