Masu bincike sun gano mawuyacin hali don ci gaba zuwa AIDS a cikin shekaru 3
Duk da yake babu wata hanya a hanyar yadda kwayar cutar HIV ta ci gaba daga mutum daya zuwa na gaba, akwai matsaloli (bambancin) wanda ke haɗuwa da ci gaba da sauri. Wadannan bambance-bambancen suna haifar da maye gurbin kwayoyin da suka saba da farko a cikin wani yanki na musamman, lokutan da suke yadawa a wannan yanki don zama mahimmanci-idan ba mawuyacin hali ba.
Wani binciken da aka wallafa a mujallar kiwon lafiya na EBioMedicine ya ruwaito cewa an raba wannan irin wannan bambanci a Cuba, wanda aka sani yana cigaba da cutar kanjamau a cikin shekaru uku na kamuwa da cutar ta farko-yana mai yiwuwa shi ne mafi girman rikici da aka gano a yau.
A cewar rahoton, masu bincike daga Jami'ar Leuven a Belgium sun nuna cewa cutar ta kasance CRF19 , wani nau'i na HIV wanda ke dauke da nau'o'i daban daban , A, D, da G.
Yayin da HIV ke cigaba da cigaba da cutar AIDS a cikin shekaru biyar zuwa goma ba tare da jinya ba, CRF19 yana nuna ci gaba sosai da sauri don saka mutum a mafi yawan hadarin rashin lafiya da mutuwa kafin a fara yin magani .
Binciken Nazarin
Masana saba'in da biyu sun gano magunguna kamar yadda suke ci gaba da cigaba (RP), suna nuna nauyin haɓaka a cikin ƙididdigarsu na CD4 a ƙasa da 200 kwayoyin / mL ko nuna wani yanayin da ke fama da cutar AIDS (ko duka biyu).
Yawan shekarun marasa lafiya ya kasance 34, yayin da yawan adadin CD4 a lokacin ganewar asali shine 276 sel / mL. Ya bambanta, ƙungiyar masu kamuwa da kwayoyin cutar HIV ba tare da bambancin CRF19 yana da adadi na CD4 tsakanin 522 da 577 a lokacin ganewar asali.
Bugu da ƙari, masu ci gaba da sauri suna dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV guda ɗaya - zuwa uku fiye da wadanda ba su da hanzari.
A sakamakon haka, marasa lafiya da aka tabbatar da CRF19 suna da shekaru masu tsaka-tsakin yanayi tsakanin siginar cutar da AIDS kan shekaru 1.4 kawai idan aka kwatanta da shekaru 9.8 ga takwarorinsu na CRF19.
Bayanai na Girma
Masu bincike sun iya ware wasu abubuwan da zasu iya bayyana yadda ake ci gaba da ci gaba da cutar AIDS. Dangane da tsarin dimokuradiyya, akwai abin mamaki fiye da 'yan takarar maza da mata fiye da wadanda ba su da hanzari (49% vs28%). Bugu da ƙari, babu bambancin bambance-bambancen da ake samu na kamuwa da cutar ta HIV ta hanyar jima'i .
Bisa ga binciken da suka samu, masu binciken sunyi imanin cewa canje-canje a cikin bambancin CRF19 na iya bayyana wannan abu.
Kullum magana, akwai nau'i-nau'i guda biyu masu haɗin gwiwar jiki a kan jinin fararen jini wadanda suka bada izinin shiga cikin kwayar halitta: CCR5 da CXCR4 . CCR5 shine co-receptor wanda HIV ke amfani dasu a farkon kamuwa da cuta, yayin da CXCR4 shine wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kamuwa da cutar a baya.
Tare da bambance-bambancen CRF19, cutar ta sauya ta amfani da CCR5 zuwa CXCR4 da sauri fiye da sauran cututtuka na HIV . Yin haka, ci gaba da cutar ta hanzarta sauri, ta haifar da ci gaban cutar AIDS.
Sakamakon binciken zai iya buƙatar karuwa a kula da kwayar cutar HIV a Cuba, wanda a halin yanzu yana da kashi 0.2% (idan aka kwatanta da 0.9% a Amurka) da kuma fiye da mutane shida da aka tabbatar.
Abin da ke faruwa shi ne cewa, tare da lokaci mai tsawo daga kamuwa da cuta zuwa ganewar asali daga watanni 37 zuwa watanni 55, hukumomin kiwon lafiya na jama'a bazai iya gane mutane tare da bambancin CRF19 da sauri don kula da yaduwar cutar ba.
Duk da yake an tashe tashe-tashen hankulan jama'a a yanzu, an raba bambancin a Cuba har zuwa shekara ta 2005 kuma zai iya samo asalin Afirka ta Tsakiya, inda aka bayar da rahoton a cikin Angola, Burkina Faso, Cameroon da Togo.
Sources:
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