Taimaka maka wajen Sarrafa Arthritis Rheumatoid
Magunguna sune mahimmanci na maganin gargajiya don cututtuka na rheumatoid . Da zarar an bincikar ku tare da cututtuka na rheumatoid , likitanku zai bada shawara da kuma tsara wani tsari na magani.
Akwai wasu magungunan ƙwayoyi da ake amfani dasu don magance cututtuka na rheumatoid wanda aka raba zuwa maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi bisa ga yadda suke aiki. Yana da muhimmanci a gare ku ku fahimci zaɓin ku, da kuma fahimtar dalilin da ya sa an zabi wani magani don ku.
A wasu kalmomi, menene miyagun ƙwayoyi yake yi a cikin jiki?
Idan wani nau'i na jiyya bai yi tasiri ba bayan wani lokaci, yana da mahimmanci ga likitan ku canza canjin ku. Bari muyi la'akari da magungunan maganin arthritis na rheumatoid. Kila a umarce ku ɗaya ko fiye da haka.
NSAIDs
Sassan NSAIDs (maganin masu kare cututtuka na kwayoyin cutar) sun hana COX 1 da COX 2 (enzymes na cyclooxygenase) daga yin prostaglandins , hormones wanda ke taimakawa wajen ƙonewa cikin jiki. Akwai kamar dozin NSAIDs daga abin da za a zabi. Mafi yawan abin da ake kira NSAID shine Motrin (ibuprofen) , Naprosyn (naproxen) , Mobic (musa) , da Voltaren (diclofenac) . Celebrex (celecoxib) shi ne kawai mai ƙaddamar da zaɓi na COX-2 a Amurka. Har ila yau, Advil (ibuprofen) da Aleve (naproxen) suna samuwa a kan ƙarfin kan-da-counter.
An hade NSAID zuwa wani haɗari na ƙwayar zuciya ko bugun jini, saboda haka an yanke shawarar ƙaddamar da kwayoyi a mafi ƙanƙancin yiwuwar kuma don gajeren lokacin da zai yiwu.
Har ila yau, kada ka dauki fiye da ɗaya samfurin NSAID a lokaci ɗaya. Karanta takardu a hankali a matsayin NSAIDs na iya zama bangaren wasu magungunan magunguna masu yawa don maganin tari, sanyi, rashin lafiya, barci, da ciki.
Analgesics
Magunguna na likita suna aiki ta hanyar sauya zafi. Acetaminophen shahararren shan magani ne na shan magani; hakika shine kawai maganin analgesic da ake samuwa a kan counter.
Hakanan, yana iya kasancewa a cikin kayan samfurori iri-iri, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci don karanta alamomi kuma ya kasance mai hankali game da tasiri na acetaminophen.
Ƙarfafa analgesics suna samuwa ne kawai tare da takardar sayan magani. Suna kiran su opioids ko narcotics. Opioids yayi aiki akan tsarin kulawa na tsakiya don toshe sakonni. Magunguna na opioid sun zo tare da hadarin dogara, amma idan aka yi amfani da su kamar yadda aka umarce su kuma tare da hankali game da tasiri mai tasiri da abubuwa masu ban tsoro, wadannan kwayoyi zasu iya zama masu saurin ciwo mai zafi ga mutanen da ke dauke da ciwon huhu. A 2016, Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC) sun ba da jagororin don tsara kayan aiki . Hydrocodone / acetaminophen (iri Norco) da Tramadol (iri Ultram) sune biyu daga cikin mafi yawan wajabcin maganin analysics. Wasu sun hada da oxycodone da MSContin.
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids , wanda aka fi sani da glucocorticoids ko steroids, suna kwatanta sakamakon hormone cortisol cikin jiki kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin amsawa na rigakafi. Corticosteroids suna samuwa ne da dama siffofin ciki har da kwayoyi, maganin injectable, saukad da, da kuma creamical creams.
Corticosteroids sun kasance masu magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta masu guba. Duk da yake tasirin su na iya zama abin al'ajabi, suna da alaƙa da sakamakon illa mai tsanani, ba ƙananan abu shine haɗarin ƙwayar cuta ba.
Don rage haɗarin sakamakon illa, dole ne a ɗauka corticosteroids a mafi yawan ƙananan yiwuwar kuma don mafi tsawo lokaci zai yiwu.
Wasu mutane da cututtukan arthritis na rheumatoid an tsara su a matsayin wani ɓangaren ƙwayar cuta mai mahimmanci a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin aikin magani na yau da kullum. Sauran sunyi amfani da corticosteroids kawai don tayar da wani ciwo na rheumatoid arthritis bayyanar cututtuka. Mutanen da suka dauki corticosteroid na dogon lokaci zasu iya samun bayyanar cututtuka idan sun dakatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba tare da tattakewa ba. Prednisone da methylprednisolone su ne mafi yawan al'ada corticosteroids. Triamcinolone ne sanannen allura da cream.
DMARDs
Magungunan maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka ( DMARDs ) suna yin amfani da kwayoyi da yawa wadanda ke aiki don rage ci gaban ciwon da kuma rage lalacewa.
Akwai DMARDs na gargajiya, ainihin asali da mafi tsufa. Har ila yau, akwai DMARDs na ilimin halitta - wanda ya fara bayyana a scene a shekarar 1998. Kuma, mafi yawan kwanan nan, wata ƙungiya na DMARDs da aka sani da ƙaddamar da magungunan kananan kwayoyi.
Daga cikin DMARDs na al'ada, methotrexate ne mafi yawan wajabta. An yi la'akari da yadda zafin maganin zinare na zinariya ga rheumatoid arthritis. Sauran DMARD da suka hada da Arava (leflunomide) , Plaquenil (hydroxycholorquine) , da Azulfidine (sulfasalazine) . Gold da kuma Imuran (azathioprine) suna samuwa amma ba a ba da izini ga arthritis na rheumatoid. DMARDs na gargajiya suna tasiri ga tsarin rigakafin , saboda haka zai iya zama da wuya a yi fama da kamuwa da cuta kuma akwai yiwuwar ƙaddamar da wasu cututtuka. Dole ne ku kula da hankali ga tasiri mai tasiri da gargadi da suka shafi DMARDs. Yawanci, ana ba da izinin gwaje-gwaje na jini lokaci-lokaci don duba aikin hanta kuma cika yawan jini.
DMARDs na halitta
Magungunan halittu , wanda ake kira Biologic DMARDs ko Biologic Response Modifiers, sune magunguna waɗanda aka halicce su don hana ko rage ƙonewa wanda ya lalata kayan aiki. Kwayoyin halittu sun kera nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta a kan tsarin kwayoyin halitta da samfurori da suka ɓoye a cikin haɗin gwiwa wanda ke haifar da haddasa ƙonewa da haɗuwa ta haɗin gwiwa.
Akwai nau'o'in halittu masu yawa, kowannensu yana da manufa. Manufofin sun hada da ƙwayoyin necrosis tumatir (TNF) , interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, da IL-23), sassan B, da kuma ƙwayoyin T. Magungunan ilimin halitta suna da tsada sosai, amma taimakon kudi yana samuwa ga mutanen da suka cancanta. Ana amfani da kwayoyi ta hanyar jiko ko allura. Saboda sakamakon ilimin kwayoyin halittu akan tsarin rigakafi, wasu cututtuka masu ban sha'awa da masu tsanani sune yiwuwa.
Ƙananan Ƙananan Ƙauren Ƙungiyar Ƙunƙasa
Kwayar magani na sababbin cututtuka na rheumatoid an "ƙaddamar da ƙananan kwayoyin DMARDs" wanda ya katse alamar intracellular. Ta hanyar katse takamaiman sigina na intracellular, yana yiwuwa a canza tsarin ƙirar wasu ƙwayoyin, ciki har da masu karɓar shinge, da sunadaran sigina, da kuma rubutun sunadaran nukiliya. Ta hanyar yin hakan, ana iya rinjayar hali ko tasiri.
Manufar mafi girma ga masu bincike, don manufar maganin cututtuka da kuma cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, sun haɗa da kinase mai dangantaka da Janus, maganin tyrosine kinase, phosphodiesterase-4, tyutine kinase Bruton, da phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. Ana buƙatar gwajin mutum don sanin iyakar kowane manufa. Jak (Janus kinase) masu hanawa sune mafi girma kuma daya ne FDA-yarda, Xeljanz (tofacitinib).
Kalma Daga
Wadansu mutane da cututtuka na rheumatoid suna jin tsoron magunguna, da farko saboda mawuyacin tasiri, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama mai tsanani. Yana da muhimmanci a yi la'akari da amfani da kasada na magunguna tare da likitan ku.
Yi la'akari da halin yanzu halin cuta aiki da kuma yanke shawarar a jiyya a raga tare da likita. Watakila, za a umarce ku da wasu haɗin da aka samo a sama. Kula da alamar alamar cutar bayan ya fara magunguna don taimakawa wajen tantance idan suna aiki sosai a gare ku. Kasance da ilimin game da illa mai tasiri da kuma yin rahoton wani abu mara kyau ga likitanku.
> Sources:
> Arthritis A yau. Jagora na Drug 2016. Tsarin Arthritis ya wallafa shi.
> Kelly, V. da Genovese, M. Newvel ƙananan kwayoyin maganin maganin maganin maganin ƙwayar cutar. Rheumatology (Oxford) (2013) 52 (7): 1155-1162.
> Kelley's Textbook na Rheumatology. Tsarin na tara. Elsevier.