Breathing yana da kalubalanci kamar yadda aikin kajin ka da kadan
Ƙarshen ƙarancin cututtukan cututtuka na kwayar cutar (COPD) yana nufin kasancewarsa a cikin matakai na karshe na cutar. Wannan yana nufin cewa mutum yana da takaitaccen numfashin numfashi ko da lokacin da yake hutawa kuma yana da mummunar haɗari ga cututtuka na huhu da nakasawa na numfashi. Mutane da yawa sun hada da kalmar "karshen mataki" tare da mutuwar mutuwa ko kabari mai tsanani wanda ke kaiwa ga mutuwa.
Amma wannan ba koyaushe bane.
Definition
A ma'anar, "ƙarshen mataki" yana nufin "kwanakin karshe a cikin ciwon ci gaba." Wasu mutane suna tunanin cewa ana amfani da wannan lokacin ga mai haƙuri lokacin da masu kula da kiwon lafiya suka ji cewa sun yi duk abin da zasu iya yi don lafiyar marasa lafiya. Amma akwai ko da yaushe wani abu mai kula da kiwon lafiyar zai iya yi wa marasa lafiya da marasa lafiya marasa lafiya na yau da kullum ( COPD ). Yana iya nufin kawai maƙasudin kulawa sun canza, daga maganin cutar don samar da ta'aziyya.
Bisa ga shirin Global Initiative for Disease Lung Disease (GOLD), akwai matakai hudu na COPD :
- Stage na: M COPD. Lung aiki yana farawa ya ƙi amma bazai lura da shi ba.
- Sashe na II: COPD mai takaici. Ci gaba na ciwon cututtuka, tare da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi a kan aiki.
- Sashe na III: COPD mai tsanani. Cikakken numfashi ya zama mafi muni kuma COPD ƙwaƙwalwa ne na kowa.
- Sashe na IV: Mai tsananin COPD. Darajar rayuwa tana da mummunan rauni. COPD ƙaddamarwa zai iya zama barazanar rai.
Kowace mataki an bayyana bisa ga yadda ake auna siffiri na FEV1 (ƙarar iska ta numfasawa a cikin na farko na biyu bayan fitarwa ta tilas). Ƙarshen mataki COPD shine mataki na IV ko Babban COPD mai tsanani.
Duk da yake wasu a cikin wannan mataki suna da rashin lafiya, akwai wasu da ba su da. Wace rukuni da kuka shiga ciki ya haɗa da wasu dalilai masu yawa waɗanda suke tasiri na rayuwa na COPD ciki har da tarihin shan taba, matakinku na dyspnea (rashin ƙarfi), matakin dacewa, da kuma abin da ke cikin jiki.
Wasu mutane a mataki na IV har yanzu suna iya aiki sosai da ƙananan ƙuntatawa. A gefe guda kuma, akwai mutane da yawa a wannan mataki wadanda ba su da lafiya.
Jiyya
Kodayake magungunan hannu zai iya zama wani zaɓi (alal misali, bullectomy, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar jiki, ko ƙwayar daji), yana iya samun amfanar ƙananan marasa lafiya na COPD kawai.
Ga wasu, yayin da cutar ta kara ƙaruwa, mayar da hankali ga kulawa zai fara motsawa daga tsawon rai don samar da kulawa mai ban tsoro don taimakawa bayyanar cututtukan COPD .
Tare da wannan, idan kuna fuskantar wata ganewar asali na COPD na ƙarshe, likitanku zai iya tsara wadannan maganin:
- Bronchodilators: Dukkan dan gajeren lokaci da masu aiki na tsawon lokaci suna bada shawara idan rashin ƙarfi a lokacin aiki na yau da kullum ba a yantar da su ta hanyar dabarar bala'i kawai.
- Opiates: Morphine, musamman, na iya ingantaccen ƙarfin numfashi. Duk da haka, wasu nazarin ya nuna cewa yana da mummunan sakamako mai tasiri kuma yana amfani da yawan marasa lafiya kawai.
- Glucocorticoids inhaled: Wadannan za a iya ba da umurni ga marasa lafiya da FEV1 kasa da kashi 50 na darajar da aka kwatanta da kuma tarihin ƙaddarar COPD .
- Ƙararin oxygen ƙarin: Oxygen rage rage numfashi ta hanyar aiki da inganta halayyar aikin haƙuri a marasa lafiya tare da matakan oxygen low.
- Ƙunƙarawar motsa jiki mai kwaskwarima (NIPPV): Rashin iska mai ban sha'awa ba zai iya rage yawan carbon dioxide da inganta rashin ƙarfi a cikin wasu marasa lafiya, amma ba a bada shawara ba.
- Tsarin gwaninta: An tabbatar da hakan don amfanin marasa lafiya na COPD a duk matakai na cutar.
- Gudanarwa na abinci mai gina jiki: Wannan zai iya nunawa saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki shine kwarewa ta yau da kullum a COPD na ƙarshe kuma yana ƙara haɗarin mutuwa.
- Taimakon Psychological da zamantakewa: Wadannan su ne muhimmin al'amari na magani saboda mutane da yawa marasa lafiya ba su tattauna batutuwa na ƙarshen rayuwa tare da likitoci ba.
- Ƙarin maganin kwantar da hankali: Raguwa da kuma zane-zane, zane-zane, da magungunan kiɗa tare da kida, CD, ko rediyo na iya taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa alamun bayyanar kamar rashin ƙarfi.
Bayanan ƙarshen rai
Idan ka gaskanta cewa mutuwar ƙaunataccen mutum yana gabatowa saboda COPD, lokaci ya yi da za a magance yadda za a magance matsalolin su na ƙarshe. Duk da haka, wannan zai iya zama mai wuyar gaske saboda yanayin lalacewa na cututtuka na nakasa.
Don magance matsalolin, bincike ya nuna cewa duk da ƙungiyar COPD tare da ciwo mai tsanani da kuma rashin mutuwa, marasa lafiya na COPD har yanzu suna karɓar rashin kulawar ƙarshen rayuwa. Don dalilai, ku da iyalanku na iya so su yi la'akari da neman taimako na asibiti don ya jagorantar ku ta wannan lokaci.
Gudanar da gudanarwa yana daya daga cikin muhimman al'amurra na ƙarshen rayuwa saboda yawancin cututtuka na COPD sukan damu a kwanakin ƙarshe-mafi yawancin, dyspnea da tari , zafi, damuwa da damuwa, rikicewa, anorexia, da cachexia .
A ƙarshe, ƙarshen rayuwar mutum zai iya kasancewa mai zurfin tunani ga masu haƙuri da iyali. Yana iya zama lokacin baƙin ciki. Ka tuna cewa irin sauƙin da kake yi kamar riƙe da ƙaunarka da kuma kasancewa suna iya samar da ta'aziyya mai yawa.
Ƙaddamar da Ƙaddamarwa na Ƙarshen COPD
Idan cutar ba ta riga ta ci gaba ba, akwai sauye-sauyen salon rayuwa wanda mutum zai iya sanya salon rayuwa don kula da lafiya mafi kyau .
- Cit Smoking: Cessation cessation ya kasance mafi muhimmanci mafi muhimmanci, hanya mai inganci don hanawa da bi da COPD. Idan burin ku shine jin dadi, jinkirta ci gaba da cutar, kuma ku rayu tsawon lokaci, to, ya kamata ku yi ban kwana da taba sigari sau ɗaya.
- Exercise: Baya ga shan taba taba, idan kuna yin sauye-sauye na rayuwa bayan bayanan da aka samu na COPD wanda zai fi tasiri a rayuwanku, kuyi la'akari da shirin motsa jiki na yau da kullum.
- Ku ci lafiya: Kyawawan abincin jiki ya kamata ka kasance daga tushe wanda za a fara tafiya bayan bayanan COPD, ko kuma idan an gano ka har tsawon shekaru kuma kana son yin canji mai kyau na rayuwa don taimaka maka jin dadi. Yana da wani muhimmin bangare na kowane tsarin kula da cututtuka kuma yana ba wa waɗanda ke tare da COPD muhimmancin makamashi da suke buƙatar numfashi da kuma yakar cutar.
- Sakamakon Gaskiya: Wani ya fada cewa rayuwa ta kashi 10 cikin dari abin da ya faru da ku kuma kashi 90 cikin dari kuke yi game da shi. Kasancewa tabbatacce a tsakiyar rashin lafiya na rashin lafiya na da wuya, amma ba zai yiwu ba. Kashi ne game da inganta wasu sababbin hanyoyin da za su dace da rayuwarka.
Kalma Daga
Sanin mataki na karshe COPD da abin da za ka iya yi don hana kanka daga samun wuri yana farawa tare da daukar dogon lokaci, kalli kanka a cikin madubi kuma ka tambayi kanka tambaya guda daya: "Shin, ya kamata ni?" Mutumin da yake duban baya a gare ku zai yi murmushi ya amsa ya amsa, "eh".
Sources:
> Ambrosino N, Gherardi M, Carpenè N. Ƙarshen Mataki na Cutar Kwaro. Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 2009; 77 (2): 173-9.
> Vestbo J, Hurd SS, Agustí AG, et al. Taswirar Duniya na Gano Harshen Gano, Gudanarwa, da Rigakafin Kwayar Kwayoyin Kwayoyin cuta. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine . 2013; 187 (4): 347-365. Doi: 10.1164 / rccm.201204-0596pp.