Spirometry: Kyautattun Abubuwa don Yin Bincike COPD
Bayan karatun wannan labarin, za ka sami damar da za a raba game da abin da ka koya tun lokacin da ka gano asalin COPD .
Bisa ga shirin Global Initiative for Disease Lung Disease (GOLD), dole ne a yi la'akari da ƙwayar cutar COPD a duk wani mai haƙuri wanda yake da ɗan gajeren numfashi, tsohuwar tari ko tsofaffin samfurori da / ko tarihin daukan hotuna ga matsalolin COPD.
Spirometry: Aikin Binciken Farko na COPD
Ana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen spirometry don yin ganewar asibiti na COPD. Ra'ayin iska mai tsabta, ko COPD, an tabbatar da lokacin da gwajin gwajin ya nuna FEV1 / FVC na kasa da 0.70 bayan mai haƙuri yana amfani da bronchodilator.
Ƙarin Bayanan da ke goyi bayan Binciken COPD
Ko da yake spirometry ita ce kayan aikin bincike na farko a COPD, likitanku zai iya yin wani ko duk binciken binciken binciken na gaba a lokacin da aka fara bincikensa don tallafawa ganewar COPD:
Tarihi da Jiki
Idan likitanku wanda ake tuhumar COPD, kima zai fara tare da cikakken duba cikin tarihin ku. Wannan ya hada da dubawa:
- yawancinku na yanzu da na baya zuwa abubuwan da ke haɗari irin su shan taba, hayaki na biyu , gurɓataccen iska da / ko sana'a na sana'a zuwa ƙura, ƙazanta, da kuma sinadarai.
- tarihin lafiyarku, musamman ma game da halin kwakwalwa na halin yanzu kamar fuka, allergies ko sinusitis da / ko cututtuka na numfashi a lokacin yara.
- kafin asibiti, musamman ma idan sun haɗu da cututtuka na numfashi.
- idan kowa a cikin iyalinka ya taɓa samun COPD ko duk wani cuta na huhu.
- idan kana da wasu yanayi na likita, irin su cututtukan zuciya ko osteoporosis, wanda zai iya kara tasiri da ƙwarewar COPD.
- da alamu na ci gaba da alamar alamarku, ciki har da lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ta fara da kuma tsawon lokacin da kuke jira kafin neman likita.
- tasirin cutar a rayuwar yau da kullum; misali idan bayyanar cututtukanka sun sa ka rasa aiki, ƙayyade ayyukanka na yau da kullum ko kuma jin damuwar ka.
Dole likitanku kuma ya kamata ya gwada lafiyar jiki wanda zai iya hada da:
- Samun zafin jiki, bugun jini, numfashi a minti daya, bugun jini da hawan jini
- Yin sauraron zuciyarka da lambobinka tare da stethoscope
- Binciken kunnuwanku, hanci, idanu da wuya don alamun kamuwa da cuta
- Binciken yatsunku don alamun cyanosis da kulob din
- Yin la'akari da alamun kumburi a kafafunku, idon kafa, da ƙafafunku ko wasu sassa na jikin ku
- Bayyana ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin wuyan ku don tantance matsalolin COPD irin su fatallah
Ƙarin Gwaje-gwaje Aiki na Pulmonary (PFTs)
Bugu da ƙari, spirometry, akwai wasu nau'o'i biyu na aikin gwagwarmaya da muhimmanci a yayin da aka kimanta aikin aiki a COPD: gwajin gwagwarmayar kwayoyin halitta da jiki plethysmography. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen suna auna ƙwayar ƙwayar huhu don ƙwayar carbon monoxide da ƙarar iska a cikin huhu a hanyoyi daban-daban na numfashi, daidai da haka.
X-ray
Jirgin rayukan kirji kawai ba ya kafa samfurin ganewa na COPD ba. Kwararka na iya yin umurni da farko kafin dai, ya yi sarauta akan wasu dalilai don bayyanar cututtuka ko kuma tabbatar da kasancewa da yanayin da ake ciki .
Za a iya amfani da x-ray kirji lokaci-lokaci a duk lokacin da kake kulawa don duba yadda kake cigaba.
Tomography Computer (CT) Scan
Ko da yake ba a bada shawara akan CT ba a lokacin da aka gano asali na COPD, likita na iya yin umurni daya lokacin da aka nuna (kamuwa da cuta bata warwarewa ba, canji na bayyanar cututtuka, bada shawara don tiyata da dai sauransu.) Yayin da akwatin X-ray yana nuna manyan wurare masu yawa a da ƙwayoyin cuta, CT scan yana da mahimmanci, yana nuna cikakkun bayanai da cewa rayukan X-ray basu. Wasu lokuta, kafin a duba CT, abu da ake kira bambanci shi ne injected cikin kwayar. Wannan zai ba likitan ku damar ganin abubuwan da ke cikin ƙwayoyin ku a fili.
Cikakken Ƙungiyar Cod
Kundin jini cikakke (CBC) zai faɗakar da likitan ku zuwa kamuwa da cuta tare da gaya masa, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, yadda hawan hemoglobin yake cikin jini. Hemoglobin shine alade mai dauke da baƙin ƙarfe cikin jinin da ke dauke da iskar oxygen daga cikin huhu zuwa sauran jikinka.
Jirgin Jirgin Cikali
A COPD, adadin iska da kake numfashi a ciki kuma daga cikin huhuwanka yana da rauni. Jirgin jini na jini (ABGs) auna ma'aunin oxygen da carbon dioxide a cikin jinin ku kuma ƙayyade jikin pH da sodium bicarbonate. ABGs suna da mahimmanci wajen samar da ganewar asali na COPD da kuma ƙayyade bukatun da daidaita yanayin ƙwayar oxygen farfadowa .
Mitar Oximetry
Hikimar motsa jiki na ƙwayar hanya ce ta hanyar ƙirar yadda za a auna yadda yaduwar jikinka ke ba tare da oxygen. Wani bincike ko mai firikwensin yana hade da yatsa, goshin goshi, goshi ko gada na hanci. Tsaro mai kwakwalwa zai iya zama ci gaba ko tsaka-tsaki. Ana auna kashi 95% zuwa 100% na al'ada. Tare da ABGs, aunawar yanayin jinin oxygen dinka ta hanyar magungunan bugun jini yana taimaka wa likitan ku bincikar bukatun ku na oxygen.
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Cikakken Bincike
Idan kana zaune a yankin da yawancin rashin daidaituwa na Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta bada shawarar cewa za a jarraba ku saboda wannan cuta. Ƙauncin AAT shi ne yanayin yanayin da zai iya haifar da COPD. Yayinda aka gano asibiti a cikin ƙananan shekarun (kasa da shekaru 45) ya kamata kuma faɗakar da likitoci game da yiwuwar rashin rakiyar AAT shine ainihin dalilin ku na COPD. Jiyya ga COPD da aka haifar da rashi AAT ya haɗa da farfadowa .
Source:
Shirin Gudanar da Duniya na Ciwon Harshen Cutar. Taswirar Duniya don Gano Hidima, Gudanarwa da Rigakafin COPD. Updated 2011. Akwai daga goldcopd.org.