Watsa Labarai na Lafiya ta Mata
Kuna san cewa a matsayin mata, muna bukatar mu samu wasu gwaje-gwaje na likita da kuma kulawar lafiyar mu a duk rayuwarmu? Alal misali, shin ka san cewa wannan hangen nesa da kuma sauraron sauraro ana bada shawara a duk shekarun rayuwarka? Koyi dalilin da ya sa muke buƙatar waɗannan da kuma sauran bayanan kiwon lafiya.
Gwajin Pap
Gwajin Pap ko ginin Pap yana da mahimmanci ga dukan mata masu shekaru 21 da sama.
Mata masu aiki masu jima'i a karkashin shekara 21 suna buƙatar bukatar gwajin gwagwarmaya a cikin shekaru uku a farkon lokacin da aka yi jima'i. Gwajin Pap, wanda Dokta George Papanicolaou ya samo asali a cikin shekarun 1950, ya gano canje-canje mara kyau a cikin kwayoyin jikinsu wanda zai iya haifar da ciwon sankarar mahaifa idan ba a gane shi ba a shekara ta shekara ta Pap.
Kafin gabatarwar jarrabawar Pap, ciwon sankarar mahaifa shine babban dalilin mutuwar mata a cikin mata. Mun gode wa binciken Dr. Papanicolaou da aikinsa na yayinda ake gina Pap, ciwon sankarar yanzu shine 15th, daga cikin haddasa ciwon daji a cikin mata da kimanin 3,700 mata da ke mutuwa daga ciwon sankarar mahaifa a kowace shekara.
Ƙari: Abin da ke faruwa a lokacin jarrabawar Pelvic Test da Pap
Mammograms
Shawarwarin don lokacin da za a fara mammography shekara-shekara bambanta tsakanin masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya. Wasu kungiyoyi, ciki har da Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka da Kwalejin Kasuwancin Amurka na Obstetricians da Gynecologists sun bayar da shawarar yin nazarin mammography tun yana da shekaru 40, yayin da sauran kungiyoyi masu sana'a ciki har da Kwalejin Kasuwancin Amirka da Kwararrun Kwararren Kwararru na Amirka, US Preventative Services a Task Force, kamar yadda Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Kanada a kan Kwararren Lafiya ta Duniya ta bayar da shawarar yin nazari shekara-shekara tun yana da shekaru 50.
Wadannan bambance-bambance ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kungiyoyin da suke bayar da shawarar mammogram farawa a shekara ta 50 sunyi imanin cewa haɗarin hadarin radiation na iya ƙetare amfanin amfanin da aka fara a farkon shekarun.
Matan ƙananan mata a babban haɗari don inganta ciwon nono ya bukaci mammogram din shekara-shekara kamar yadda likitocin suka umurce su.
Mammograms suna da lafiya, rashin jin dadi, kuma wajibi ne don ganowa na farko na ciwon nono. Lokacin da aka samo asali, tsawon shekaru biyar na ciwon daji na ciki ya kai 96%, a cewar Ƙungiyar Ciwon Ƙwararriya ta Ƙwararrun Ƙwararriya.
Ƙari: Kulawa ta Mammography
Gwajin gwagwarmaya
Gwajin gwagwarmaya mai sauƙi shine hanya mai sauƙi da rashin zafi. Gwajin gwaji don asarar hasara ya zama wajibi ga dukan mata fiye da shekaru 65, har ma ga mata matasa da akalla ɗaya daga cikin halayen haɗari, da kuma duk matan da suka yi amfani da hysterectomy. Osteoporosis, a mafi yawan lokuta, yana haifar da asarar kasusuwa da kuma ci gaban ɓarna na nama. Wannan cututtukan, idan ba a samo da kuma bi da shi ba, ya kai ga ƙasusuwan da ba su da rauni. Bisa ga asusun Osteoporosis na kasa, fiye da mata miliyan 1.5 da maza fiye da shekaru 50 suna fama da furucin osteoporosis kowace shekara. Abin farin, samin asali na osteoporosis ta gwajin gwaji mai zurfi yana iya samuwa tare da magunguna wanda ya hana ci gaba da cutar kuma zai iya warware wasu asarar da suka faru kafin ganewar asali.
Ƙari: Osteoporosis: Hadarin da Rigakafin
Ruwan jini na Bincika
Halin ƙin jini, wanda aka fi sani da hauhawar jini, yana rinjayar akalla mutane miliyan 50, ko ɗaya daga cikin mutane biyar, a Amurka.
Hawan hawan jini na faruwa lokacin da karfin jini ya karu sama da 140/90.
A gefe guda kuma, hawan jini zai iya zama maɗaukaki. Lokacin da wannan ya auku, marasa lafiya suna fama da ƙananan jini ko hypotension. Sanarwar haɗari yakan faru lokacin da karatun jini yana da muhimmanci fiye da al'ada ga masu haƙuri. Babban magunguna na hypotension sun hada da rashin hankali ko jin hasken haske da ciwon kai. Mutane shan magani don cutar hawan jini wanda fara samun wadannan bayyanar cututtuka ya kamata duba tare da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya don sanin ko maganin shan magani na jini ya yi aiki da kyau ko kuma idan canjin magani ya zama dole.
Matsayi mafi girma a cikin karfin jini, wanda ake kira jujjuyawar kwayolic, shine yawan karfi ko matsa lamba da ke amfani da jigilar jini a lokacin da kullun zuciya ya yi, yayin da ƙananan ko diastolic wakiltar yawan matsa lamba a cikin arteries tsakanin zuciya.
Ƙari: Hanyoyin cututtuka na Tsarin jini mai tsanani
STD Tests
A duk lokacin da ka yi tunanin ɗaukan hotuna zuwa cutar ta hanyar jima'i (STD) ya faru, tuntuɓi mai bada lafiyar ku don gwaji. Kasancewa da kowane nau'i na jituwa mai ban mamaki ya kamata ya zama faɗakarwa don ganin likitan ku. Samun ciwon daji mai ma'ana ba ya nufin cewa STD yana nan; duk da haka, samun sauyawa na jiki yana nuna halin kasancewa ko dai wani STD ko ƙwayar cuta.
Ƙari: Tarihin da Facts Game da Rikicin STD
Yin gwajin gwajin HIV
Bisa ga umarnin CDC, duk wanda yake ganin likita ko wanda ya yi haƙuri a cikin dakin gaggawa ya kamata ya shawo kan kwayar cutar HIV a wani lokaci. CDC ya yi imanin cewa gwajin HIV na yau da kullum zai haifar da kashi 30 cikin 100 na yaduwar cutar HIV, cutar da ke haifar da cutar AIDS.
Ƙari: Aiki a cikin Mata
Cholesterol Screening
Gwajin gwajin ƙwayar cutar zai taimaka wajen hango hangen nesa ga kowane mutum don ci gaba da cututtukan zuciya. Yin gwajin cholesterol aiki dole ne a kowace shekara 5 ga manya. Sauran gwaje-gwaje ciki har da HDL da LDL cholesterol da triglycerides, tare, wanda ake kira lipid profile suna yawanci ana yi a lokacin gwajin cholesterol ya ce Labs Online. Za a ba gwajin gwajin Cholesterol kawai ga marasa lafiya saboda marasa lafiya na iya haifar da sakamako mai zurfin gwaji. Mata masu ciki za su yi watsi da gwajin cholesterol a lokacin daukar ciki tun lokacin da ciki yakan haifar da yawan lambobin cholesterol. Lokacin da marasa lafiya ke shan maganin likita don rage ƙwayar cholesterol, gwaji yana faruwa sau da yawa don ganin yadda mai haƙuri ke karbar magani.
Ƙari: Cututtukan zuciya a cikin Mata
Ƙwararruwar Cancer Canjin Canjin
Nunawa ta yau da kullum don ciwon ciwon daji, irin su mallaka, ya kamata a fara a cikin marasa lafiya a lokacin da suka mutu har zuwa farkon shekaru hamsin. Colonoscopy ya kamata a fara, domin mafi yawan marasa lafiya, a shekara 50 kuma ya kamata a faru a kowace shekaru 10 da suka biyo baya. Marasa lafiya tare da sanannun haɗari ya kamata su bi shawarar mai bada lafiyar su don lokacin da za su fara samun wannan gwaji. Ƙungiyar Ciwon Kankara ta Amirka, da sauran kungiyoyin kiwon lafiya, sun bada shawarar yin aikin gwajin da ake kira na yau da kullum da ake kira al'adun jini na tsofaffin yara a kowace shekara bayan shekaru 50.
Samun asalin farko na ciwon ciwon ciwon daji ya kara ƙaruwa tsawon shekaru biyar daga wannan mummunar cuta zuwa fiye da 90%; duk da haka, ganewar asibiti na yau da kullum ba zai faru kawai 39% na lokaci ba. Samun wadannan gwaje-gwajen a lokacin da aka ba da shawarar, ko kuma yadda mai bada sabis na kiwon lafiya ya umarce ku, shine hanya mafi kyau don kama ciwon daji na cin hanci ba tare da kullun ba.
Skin Cancer Screening
Sanin asalin ciwon daji na faruwa sau da yawa a kowace shekara a Amurka fiye da kowane irin ciwon daji. Ko da yake ciwon daji na huhu shine babbar hanyar ciwon daji, cututtukan fata na faruwa a hankali sau da yawa, wanda ya sa lamarin ya zama sanadin asibiti a cikin Amurka. Wannan labari mai dadi shine cewa ba wuya a tantance ko zubar da jini na fata ba. Yawancin birane a kusa da Amurka suna ba da labarun cututtuka na fata, yawanci a watan Mayu, a asibitocin gida. Magungunan wariyar launin fata sun bar Asabar, a wannan lokacin, don taimakawa wajen gano cututtuka na fata a duk wanda ya nuna a yayin taron. Wadannan shafuka masu ciwon cututtukan fata na yau da kullum suna kunshe da dusar ƙanƙara, sakawa a asibiti, kuma suna jiran likita don zuwa cikin jarraba don nazarin fata a jikin jikin. Wannan ba yakan dauki fiye da 'yan mintuna kaɗan kuma yana ba da zarafi don tattauna kowane tambayoyi ko damuwa da za ku iya yi game da ciwon fata.
Ƙari: Irin Skin Cancer
Ciwon sukari
Abokan da ke da cututtukan cututtuka irin na sukari 2 (tsofaffin ciwon sukari) ya kamata su sami korafin glucose mai azumi ko gwada glucose gwajin gwaji a kowace shekara 3 tun yana da shekaru 45. Abubuwan da ke haɗari ga ciwon sukari na farko sun hada da:
- Tarihin iyali na ko dai Rubutun 1 ko Type 2 ciwon sukari
- Mata da suka samu ciwon sukari a lokacin ciki
- Bayan haihuwar jaririn wanda ya kai 9 fam a haihuwa
- Hawan jini ko hauhawar jini
- Kasancewa na iyali da tarihin al'adu na Afirka, Hispanic, Native American, ko kuma tsibirin Pacific
- Samun kadan ko babu motsa jiki
Ƙari: Ciwon sukari na Ciwon sukari
Binciken hangen nesa
Yawan shekarun shekaru 18 da haihuwa sunyi nazarin ido a kowace shekara ko shekaru biyu har zuwa shekara 61, lokacin da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrakin Ƙasar Amirka ya bada shawarar cewa za a fara yin nazarin hangen nesa a kowace shekara. Yaran da ke da ido da ido ya kamata su lura da na'urar su kamar yadda likitan ya bada shawarar. Bugu da ƙari, marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da halayen haɗari ga masu ciwon sukari irin su cutar hawan jini, tarihin iyali na cututtuka irin su glaucoma da macular degeneration, mutanen da suke aiki a ayyukan da ake buƙatar hangen nesa, marasa lafiya da ke yin lambobin sadarwa, wadanda suke daukar magungunan likita akai-akai ko kuma Magungunan magungunan OTC waɗanda ke da alamun abubuwan da ke cikin hangen nesa, da kuma mutanen da ke da wasu sha'anin lafiyar da suka shafi idanunsu na iya buƙatar karin bayanan hangen nesa.
Nazarin ji
Rashin sauraro yana yaduwa kuma yana ci gaba da kasancewa a tsakanin manya da shekaru daban-daban. Yayinda yake sauraro yana da son rai, Kungiyar Harkokin Harshe na Harshen Harsuna na Amurka ya bada shawarar yin sauraron manya kowane shekara 10 ga tsofaffi tun lokacin da shekarun 50 suka kasance a yayin da ake yin nazarin sau da yawa. A shekara 50, gwajin gwajin ya kamata ya faru a kowace shekara uku. Gaskiyar ita ce, fiye da kashi 30 cikin dari na mutane fiye da 65 suna da lalacewar sauraron, 14% na tsofaffi na shekaru 45 zuwa 64 kuma suna fama da lalacewa, kuma sama da mutane miliyan 8 daga shekarun 18 zuwa 44 suna da wasu nau'i na sauraro.
> Sources:
> Gwajin Labaran Kwayoyin Cutar Canji; CDC; http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/basic_info/screening/.
> Gano Farko; Ƙungiyar Ciwon Ƙwararriya ta Duniya; http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/early_detection/index.html.
> Ƙungiyar Osteoporosis na kasa; http://www.nof.org.
> Tsarin jini mai tsanani; National Library of Medicine; http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/highbloodpressure.html.
> Cholesterol - Jarraba; Labaran Labaran Lab; http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cholesterol/test.html.
> Kulawa ga cututtuka na irin 2; Harkokin Halitta; http://www.genetichealth.com/DBTS_Screening_for_Type_2_Diabetes.shtml.
> Mahimman Binciken Gwiwar Adult da Bincike; Ƙungiyar Gudanar da Harkokin Kasuwanci ta {asa da {asashen Amirka; http://www.guideline.gov/summary/summary.aspx?ss=15&doc_id=8464&nbr=4725.
> Sauraron sauraro a cikin manya; Jawabin Harshen Amirka - Harshe - Kungiyar Kulawa; http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/testing#adults.