Yaya Ƙararren Musamman Suke Kula da Ruwan jini
Arteries ne jini wanda ke dauke da jini oxygenated daga zuciya. Yayinda suke motsawa ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta tsakiya, suna karami da ƙananan kamar rassan itace. Lokacin da suka rage a girman zuwa kasa da 300 micrometers (μm), zamu koma zuwa gare su a matsayin arterioles.
Arterioles raba mafi yawa daga cikin dukiya na arteries. Suna da karfi, suna da ganuwar ganuwar nauyi, kuma suna dauke da babban nau'i na tsoka tsoka.
Amma, suna kuma aiki wani muhimmin aiki. Arterioles ne, a gaskiya, mafi yawancin jini a cikin jiki kuma suna taimakawa mafi yawa wajen tashi da fadawan karfin jini .
A matsayin rukuni, arterioles suna karɓar nau'o'in sinadarai da sakonnin lantarki masu yawa daga kwakwalwa, tsarin da bazuka , da kuma endocrin tsarin kuma suna canzawa da sauri a cikin saƙo ga waɗannan sakonni. Ta yin hakan, jinin jini zai iya yuwuwa ko jinkirin, haifar da canje-canjen dangi a cikin jini.
Tsarin Gudun Labaran
Anyi la'akari da tsarin siginar ƙaddamarwa kamar yadda jini bai taɓa barin ƙarancin cibiyar sadarwa ba. A mafi mahimmancinsa, tsarin shine madauki wanda ya farawa kuma ya ƙare a zuciya, rarraba kwayoyin oxygen a kan tafiya ta waje da kuma dauke da carbon dioxide a kan tafiya ta ciki.
Hanyar waje ta fara ne yayin da zuciya ya zubar da jinin ta hanyar aorta kuma ya ci gaba da yin famfo yayin da jini ya sa hanya zuwa mafi karamin jini wanda ake kira capillaries .
Kafin wannan, jinin dole ne ya wuce ta cikin arterioles inda ake saurin gudu a kullum. Wadannan gyare-gyare na iya faruwa ga wasu dalilan da suka haɗa da tashi ko fada cikin zafin jiki, canje-canje a cikin aikin jiki, abinci , damuwa , ko ɗaukar hoto zuwa magunguna ko magunguna.
Ayyukan arterioles, sabili da haka, shine ya tsara karfin jini don haka ya kasance da tsayayye kuma ƙasa da sauki zuwa haɓakawa.
Ta hanyar yin haka, jinin ba zai zama mai laushi ba kamar yadda ya kai ga capillaries. Maimakon haka, ƙwayar zai zama mafi ci gaba, yana ba da izinin musayar oxygen da kwayoyin carbon dioxide.
Da zarar musayar ya cika, jinin zai sa hanyar shiga ciki ta hanyar sadarwa na sutura, a karshe ya dawo cikin zuciya ta cikin mafi ƙarancin kariya.
Cutar Tsarin
Lokacin da jiki ke aiki kamar yadda ya kamata, magungunan na taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa cutar karfin jini ta kasance a cikin iyakokin al'ada. Duk da haka, akwai yanayi wanda zai iya rinjayar ko hana haɗarsu. Tsakanin su:
- Arteriosclerosis shine thickening, hardening, da kuma asarar elasticity na bango ganuwar. Wannan tsari ya ƙuntata ikon da aka tsara don tsara jini da kuma bada izinin ci gaba da gina plaque da cholesterol a kan ganuwar waje. Babban magunguna guda uku na arteriosclerosis sune high cholesterol, high triglycerides, taba cigaba, har ma da cutar hawan jini kanta.
- Tsarin tsaka-tsakin ƙetare shi ne ƙananan ruɗaɗɗen arteries. Wannan zai iya haifar da duk wasu abubuwa ciki har da lalata, shan taba, ciwon sukari, kamuwa da cuta, da kuma lalacewar haihuwa. Mafi mahimmanci, ƙaddamar da ƙin jini na jini saboda masu gurɓata ko ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullum zai iya haifar da cigaba (fibrosis) na tsohuwar nama.
- Arteritis shine kumburi na ganuwar waje a ciki da kuma kusa da ɓarke-ƙafe, sau da yawa hade da cututtuka na autoimmune . Rashin ƙonewar ganuwar waje yana haifar da raguwar jini. Misali mai kyau shine babban ƙwayar cell cell (GCA) wanda ke shafar rassan ƙwaƙwalwar carotid waje na wuyansa. Tare da GCA, yaduwar jini zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na ciwon kai, canje-canje na hangen nesa, ɓacewar hangen nesa, da kuma ciwo ta jaw lokacin da ake shawa.
Kalma Daga
Idan an gano ku da cutar hawan jini, kana buƙatar neman likita wanda zai iya sanya ku a kan magungunan cutar . Yayinda kayi jin dadi kuma basu da alamar cututtuka, yaduwar cutar hawan jini na iya kara yawan hadarin zuciya da bugun jini.
Dalilin da ya sa ake karɓar cutar hawan jini da ake kira "mai kisan kisa."
> Sources:
> Lehmann, M. da Schmieder, R. "Yin gyaran fuska na ƙaramin ƙararrakin jini a cikin jini," Am J Hypertens. 2011; 24 (12): 1267-73. DOI: 10.1038 / ajh.2011.166.
> Nobel, A ;; Johnson, R .; Bass, P. et al. (2010) Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Nahiyar (Na biyu Ed.) . London: Churchill Livingstone / Elsevier. ISBN: 9780702050824.