Rahotanni na CDC Sakamakon Ayyukan Harkokin Kashe Kasuwanci Ana Shafar Gay Men of Launi
Ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairun 2016, Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC) ta fitar da rahoto na farko da ke nuna kimanin cutar HIV a Amurka ta hanyar jihohi, da kuma ta hanyar ƙananan mutane. Ba abin mamaki bane, mutanen da ke zaune a kudanci (yankin da aka sani cewa sun kasance daga cikin mafi yawan sababbin cututtuka na kamuwa da cutar} anjamau) ana ganin su a mafi yawan haɗarin rayuwa.
Abinda ya mamakin yawancin shine gaskiyar cewa akwai wasu 'yan kungiyoyi masu ban sha'awa - wadanda aka ba da rahoton cewa suna da wani abu mai ban mamaki a cikin zarafi guda biyu na samun ciwon HIV a duk tsawon rayuwarsu, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ko wuri ba.
Rahoton CDC, wanda yayi nazari akan bayanan kula da kwayar cutar HIV daga shekara ta 2009 zuwa 2013, ya kara nuna bambanci a cikin kamuwa da kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar nazarin yiwuwar jima'i, jinsi / kabilanci, da jinsi, inda:
- An bayar da rahoton cewa, gayaye masu fata da kuma mazauna bisexual suna da hadarin rayuwa daya a cikin 11.
- Black namiji maza da aka gani a yi daya a 20 rayuwa hadarin (idan aka kwatanta da daya a cikin 132 hadarin a cikin farin namiji maza).
- Ko da magunguna masu amfani da kwayoyi (IDUs) sun kasance sun kasance a cikin mummunan haɗari, tare da IDU masu juna biyu suna da guda ɗaya cikin halayen rayuwa 36 yayin da matan IDU suna da guda daya cikin hadarin rayuwa.
Me yasa Al'umma Dan Ƙananan Ƙananan Mutum Sun Kashe Kari
Ƙarin fahimtar ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin rayuwa na kwayar cutar HIV ba sau da sauƙi. Magana na kowa, amsawar jima'i na iya kasancewa a ƙarshe, wanda ba da gangan ba, cewa jima'i tare da dabi'un al'adu da halayyar su ne abubuwan da ke tattare da baƙi a cikin irin wannan mummunan haɗari.
Amma gaskiyar ita ce, 'yan fata maza na Amurka a Amurka suna zama masu kwakwalwa masu yawa da suka shafi kwakwalwa, wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta amma duk da haka ba'a yiwu a wasu mutane ba.
Daga hangen nesa da zamantakewar zamantakewa, an san cewa duk wani annoba - ko cutar HIV ko wani cuta mai kwakwalwa - yana kula da kungiyoyin da aka lalata a gaban wannan cuta.
Wannan ya faru ne saboda akwai wasu tsarin da za su iya shiga tsakani, ko da lafiya da kuma doka, kuma sau da yawa ba su da sha'awar yin aiki daga waɗanda ke cikin mutanen da aka lalata.
Mun ga wannan a farkon ɓangaren cutar AIDS a shekarun 1980s, inda mazaunin maza da mata suka fito daga wani lokaci na cin zarafin 'yan sanda da kuma rashin jin dadi na shari'a, sunyi tasiri da rashin ciwo, babu wani abu a hanya na ayyuka na kiwon lafiya gay ko kungiyoyi masu bada shawara don magance rashin aiki a kan jihar ko tarayya.
Don haka, tare da mutuwar tashi daga daruruwan zuwa dubban, jama'ar garin gay sun dauki kan kansu (sau da yawa tare da haɗuwa da haɗin kai, mazaunin gayayyaki masu daraja), don hawa ayyukan kiwon lafiya na kansu (kamar lafiyar lafiyar maza ta maza a New York) da ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyoyin jama'a (kamar ACT UP).
Hakanan ba ya riƙe gaskiyar ga maza baƙi. Duk da yake an yi kokarin da aka yi a matakin tarayya don kaiwa wannan yawan maza, to, akwai raguwa a cikin yawan shirye-shirye na al'umma wanda aka tsara musamman ga maza masu launi.
Ba kamar Elton John ba, ko kuma dan wasan kwaikwayo Larry Kramer , akwai 'yan jariri masu baƙar fata na baki da suke zuwa don su yi magana da ko a madadin al'umma ko kuma wasu' yan kallo masu ba da launi masu daraja wadanda suke ba da shawara ga ƙungiyar (kamar yadda Elizabeth Taylor ta yi wa Ƙasar da ya fi girma a cikin farkon 80s).
Saboda haka, daga yanayin rigakafin cututtuka, an yi wa maza baƙi fata. Bugu da ƙari, ƙimar kamuwa da cuta zai iya taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin ɓarna, inda wasu suke ganin baƙaƙe, "" marasa cin nasara, "" masu saɓo "ko" samun abin da suka dace. "
Yana da mummunan sake zagayowar wanda kawai ya kara kara yawan mutanen da baƙaƙen gayayyaki ba yayin da suke amfani da ƙananan kamuwa da cutar.
Rikicin HIV Associated with Multiple Vulnerabilities
Lokacin da muke magana game da haɗuwa da lalacewar, za mu mayar da hankali kan wasu takamaiman maganin rigakafin cutar HIV, magani, da kulawa a cikin yawan mutane masu hadari. Ƙarin matsalolin akwai, mafi girma haɗari.
Sabanin haka, gano wadannan barna yana sa hukumomin kiwon lafiya suyi amfani da shirye-shirye na al'ada da hanyoyin da za su iya magance su.
Rashin bincike na annobar cutar da na asibiti ya nuna cewa, a matsayin ƙungiya, 'yan fata maza da yawa suna da ƙananan hadarin kwayar cutar HIV saboda wasu dalilai masu ma'ana da ba da gangan ba. Tsakanin su:
- Jima'i na jima'i ya kasance a cikin manyan matsalolin da ke tattare da kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV, tare da kawo hadari mai girma 18 a yayin da aka kwatanta da jima'i. Hanyoyin da suka fi girma a kan cututtukan da aka yi da jima'i sun kara haɗari. CDC ta yi rahoton cewa syphilis, chlamydia, da gonorrhea a cikin baƙi fata suna faruwa a shida, 10 da 16 sau daidai, daidai da, na fari a cikin Amurka.
- Yawan talauci na rashin talauci, rashin aikin yi, da kuma tsarewa a cikin ƙananan gari ba su da nasaba da halayen HIV. A halin yanzu, yawan talauci a cikin jama'ar Amurka baƙi ya kai kashi 27.5 cikin 100 bisa kashi 9.9 cikin fata. Kasashe na kudancin na iya wucewa a kai a kai, kamar Louisiana, inda kashi 40 cikin 100 na baƙar fata suke zaune a cikin talauci.
- Mutanen da ke launi suna da jima'i da kabilansu bisa ga CDC, ma'anar cewa sadarwar jima'i ne karami kuma mafi mahimmanci. Saboda haka, yiwuwar watsawa yana ƙaruwa kawai saboda akwai ƙwayar cutar HIV da ke cikin cibiyar sadarwa.
- Ma'aurata masu launi suna yin jima'i tare da dattawa saboda sakamakon waɗannan cibiyoyin jima'i. Yayinda tsofaffi sun kamu da kwayar cutar HIV, balagar fata ba su da kamuwa da cutar a cikin shekaru masu tsufa fiye da takwarorinsu na maza da mata.
- Mafi yawan yawan masu amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi masu amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin manya baki ɗaya , idan aka kwatanta da mutanen fari, sune mafi girma (kamar yadda aka gani tare da baƙaurin mata baƙi wanda abokin haɗin gwiwar mai amfani da magunguna ne).
- Rashin aikin zamantakewar jama'a, 'yan sanda, sha'anin shari'a da kuma lafiyar jama'a a cikin al'ummomin da ba su da karfin kuɗi suna samar da rashin amincewarsu ga shirye-shiryen gwamnati, ciki har da wadanda aka yi amfani da gwajin HIV da kuma rigakafi. A sakamakon haka, an kiyasta kimanin kashi 75 cikin dari na shekarun shekarun shekarun 18-64 na Amurka ba a gwada su ba saboda HIV, yayin da kashi 34 cikin 100 na waɗanda aka magance cutar HIV ke kasancewa a kula.
- Rashin amincewa da hukumomin kiwon lafiya na jama'a na iya ƙarfafa hali marasa kyau game da rigakafin cutar HIV da kuma maganin cutar, ƙin yarda da maƙasudin maƙaryata . Bisa ga wani binciken daga Harvard Medical School a shekarar 2011, irin waɗannan maganganun na taimakawa wajen rage yawan zaman lafiyar mutanen baki ba ta hanyar haɓaka dabi'un maganin da ya dace, ciki har da amfani da kwaroron roba da kuma haɗin kai ga kula da HIV.
- Duka, dukansu sun gane kuma hakikanin, yawancin kwayar cutar HIV a tsakanin baƙi na Amurka suna tsoron fargabar matsayin su. Nazarin 2008 da masu bincike a Jami'ar Jihar Kansas suka nuna cewa imanin addini mai karfi ya kasance tare da haɗakar cutar HIV. Ƙaddamar da wannan ƙaddamar da launi na ƙananan yara maza da mata a kan mutum da kuma matakin al'umma, wanda ya kara matsawa mutane daga hadarin samun damar kulawa.
Rigar Rigar HIV ga Gay Black Men
CDC ta tsara wasu manufofi don magance wadannan ƙananan, ciki har da Gwajin da ke sanya mu Ƙarƙashin yaduwar zamantakewar zamantakewa na zamantakewar jama'a da aka yi wa maza masu balagagge masu shekaru 18 zuwa 44.
Ƙaddamarwa da kuma wayar da kan jama'a a cikin ƙananan baƙaƙen ƙwallon ƙafa shi ne CDC-Black Black Men's Xchange (BMX), wanda ke aiki 16 surori a Amurka, da kuma Cibiyar Black Equity, wanda ke aiki tare da kungiyoyi masu girman kai a cikin garuruwan Amurka 31.
Don samun shirye-shiryen da ayyuka a cikin al'ummanku ko jihohi, tuntuɓi gidan yanar gizonku na SIDA na yankin 24 na yankin. Domin kyauta, tabbatar da lafiyar kwayar cutar ta HIV, tuntuɓi 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636) don masu amfani ko amfani da sashin binciken gwaji na HIVIDu HIV wanda cibiyar Rollins ta gina a Jami'ar Emory.
Sources:
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). "Rayuwa da Ciwon Cutar HIV a Amurka." Atlanta, Jojiya; wallafa Fabrairu 23, 2016.
CDC. " Ciwon Bincike na Kamuwa da cutar HIV a cikin United State da kuma yankunan da suka dace, 2013." Sigar Sigar HIV. Fabrairu 2015; 25: 1-82.
Henry J. Kaiser Foundation (KFF). "'Yan asalin Birane da HIV / AIDS." An wallafa Afrilu 25, 2014.
Smit, P .; Brady, M .; Carter, M .; et al. "Harkokin cutar HIV a cikin al'ummomin mazaunan gay: Binciken wallafe-wallafen." AIDS Care. Afrilu 2012; 24 (3-4): 405-412.
Bogart, L .; Galvan, F. Wagner, G; et al. "Ƙungiyar Zaman Lafiyar Kwayoyin Cutar HIV da Rashin Jima'i tsakanin Mazan Ƙarshe Suna zaune tare da kwayar cutar HIV." Kwayar cutar AIDS. Agusta 2011; 15 (6): 1180-1186.