Cutar Kwayoyin cuta a COPD da ke da alhakin ƙetare ƙwayar cututtuka
COPD wani cututtuka ne mai rikitarwa wanda ke dauke da iska ta rageccen iska wanda ba cikakke ba ne. Da farko ta hanyar daukan hotuna a cikin iska, hanyar cutar ta haifar da sauye-sauye na bambanci, tsarin ilimin lissafi da kuma tsarin gyare-gyare wanda ke da alhakin digiri daban-daban na bayyanar COPD . Bari mu dubi nauyin hudu daga wadannan canji.
Harshen Airflow
Tsawancin lokacin da ake nunawa ga hawan iska , irin su hayaki na taba da kuma gurɓataccen iska , ya haifar da hanzarin hanzarin iska da ƙura, ya hana yin iska zuwa da daga cikin huhu. Wannan tsari, wanda ake kira iyakancewar iska, yana ci gaba da mummunan yanayi, musamman ma idan an shawo kan matsalar ciwo.
Damarar iska ya dace daidai da lalata aikin aiki na huhu wanda aka gani a COPD kamar yadda aka auna ta spirometry . Mafi yawan iyakokin iska, ƙananan FEV1 da FEV1 / FVC , dabi'u biyu masu mahimmanci a ganewar ƙwayoyin cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta .
Jirgin iska
Harkokin jirgin saman Airway yana haifar da ƙarin iska don kamawa a cikin huhu lokacin da ake fitarwa. Kamar caloon da ba a fadi ba, tarkon iska yana haifar da hyperinflation daga cikin huhu , wanda hakan zai hana iyakar iska wanda mutum zai iya motsawa. Yayinda tarkon iska ya ci gaba, ƙarar iska da aka bar a cikin huhu bayan an fitar da shi na al'ada ( ƙarfin aikin aiki ) yana ƙaruwa, musamman a lokacin motsa jiki.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mutanen da ke tare da COPD sun fi ƙarfin numfashi a lokacin motsa jiki kuma suna da ƙananan ƙarfin yin haƙuri da aiki mai tsanani.
Abubuwa masu yawa a Gas Exchange
Rawan ciki a cikin huhu yana kwance alveoli , ƙananan nau'in ɓauren gilashi inda ake yin musayar gas. Jirgin da aka ba da iska ya ƙunshi oxygen; Rashin iska yana dauke da carbon dioxide, samfurin sharar gida na respiration.
A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, oxygen yana motsawa kuma yana tafiya zuwa sashin jiki na numfashi zuwa ga huhu har sai ya kai ga alveoli. Da zarar a cikin alveoli, shi yadu cikin jini inda yake tafiya ta jiki don ciyar da dukkanin kwayoyi masu muhimmanci. Hakanan, carbon dioxide wanda aka karɓa ta hanyar musayar jini tare da oxygen, yana yadawa ta hanyar alveoli, zuwa cikin huhu da kuma fitar da sashin jiki na ruji inda aka ƙarshe ya zama maras amfani. A cikin lafiyar lafiya, musayar oxygen da carbon dioxide an daidaita; A COPD, ba haka bane. Rikicin da aka dauka ga mummunan halayen ya rushe alveoli, ya hana tsarin musayar gas. Wannan yakan haifar da hypoxemia da hypercapnia , duka suna da kyau a COPD. Yayin da cutar ta ci gaba, raguwa na musayar gas yana kara tsanantawa, yana haifar da mummunar bayyanar cututtuka , nakasa, da rashin lafiya.
Hanyar ƙaddamar da ƙaddarar wucewa
Ƙarfafawa daga ƙuduri na taimakawa wajen saurin iska, dakatarwar iska, karar cin hanci da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi wanda yake da alamun COPD. Har ila yau, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsawon lokaci da tsawon lokaci na cututtuka na kwayar cutar kwayar cuta.
Mucus abu ne mai suturwa wanda aka samar da kwayoyin goblet da ƙwayoyin mucous na ƙananan ƙwayoyi.
A cikin kwakwalwar lafiya, ɗakunan gwangwadon suna da yawa a cikin manyan bronchi, suna rage yawan su yayin da suka isa ƙaramin ƙananan bronchioles. Glandan sunadaran suna ƙuntatawa zuwa manyan hanyoyi, duk da haka suna ci gaba da yaduwa kamar yadda hanyoyi masu hanzari suka fadi, suna ɓacewa gaba daya a cikin masararra. Kullum al'amuran ƙwaƙwalwar suna aiki a hanyar karewa don taimakawa wajen lubricar huhu da kuma kawar da hanyoyi na bango na waje. A COPD, ƙaddamar da ƙwaƙwalwa , ƙari-da-ƙasa, ya juya kanta.
Lokacin da huhu ke ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin iska mai zurfi, ƙwayoyin goge sukan karuwa a yawanci da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin jini. A halin yanzu, sun zama mafi yawa a cikin ƙananan hanyoyi, wanda yake dauke da kwayoyin tsuntsaye masu kama da tsintsiya kamar yadda suke taimakawa wajen kawar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin daga cikin huhu.
Yayin da aikin gwagwarmaya ya shiga aikin daskarewa da kuma yin amfani da iska a cikin iska , ƙwaƙwalwar ta fara farawa a cikin hanyoyi, samar da ƙyama da wuri mai kyau don kwayoyin su ninka. Yayin da kwayoyin kwayoyi ke girma a yawan, kamuwa da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta faru sau da yawa ta hanyar COPD .
Menene Za Ka Yi?
Babban muhimmin al'amari na maganin COPD shi ne shan taba shan taba . Citting shan taba yana iya rage jinkirin rage aikin aikin huhu wanda zai cigaba idan shan taba yana ci gaba.
Idan kun kasance mai taba tabawa , tabbas ku kaucewa, ko akalla iyaka, daukan hotuna ga duk iska. Wannan ya hada da hayaki na biyu , gurɓataccen iska, da magunguna masu aiki.
Yin rigakafi na COPD yana da mahimmanci a gudanarwa ta yau da kullum na COPD. Yawancin marasa lafiya ba su da la'akari da rawar da suke takawa a wannan, amma idan aka dauki su, matakan taimakawa wajen rage yawan haɗari da ƙwaƙwalwar marasa lafiya kuma an hana su asibiti.
Idan ba a riga an gano ku ba tare da COPD kuma suna fuskantar bayyanar cututtuka, ga likitanku don gwaji na spirometry . Sakamakon asali na farko na COPD yana kaiwa ga maganin farko da kuma kyakkyawan sakamako ga waɗanda suka ci gaba da cutar.
Sources:
Manufofin Duniya na Gano Harshen Gano, Gudanarwa, da Rigakafin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin cuta. Shirin Gudanar da Duniya na Ciwon Harshen Cutar. Revised 2011.
Zuwa, Toby J., da Broadley, Kenneth J. Goblet Cell Hyperplasia, Ayyukan Airway, da Leukocyte Ƙasa bayan Bayanan Lipopolysaccharide Exposure a Conscious Guinea Pigs: Ropipram da Dexamethasone. JPET 302: 814-821, 2002.