Damuwa game da farfadowa na tsawon lokaci na farfadowa na radiation ya zama na kowa, yayin da cigaban rayuwa ya inganta. Kamar dai yadda za'a iya haifar da cututtuka na tsawon lokaci na chemotherapy , farfadowa na radiation zai iya haifar da sakamako masu illa wanda zai iya farawa kuma ya yi nisa sosai bayan an kammala maganin. Tabbas, yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa amfanin wadannan jiyya yawancin lokaci ya wuce duk wani hadari.
Dalilin da yasa Radiation Far ya iya haifar da tasiri mai tsawo
Maganin radiation yana aiki ta hanyar lalata DNA a cikin sel. Abin baƙin ciki, wannan lalacewar ba ta bambanta da kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji ba, kuma ƙwayoyin jiki na iya lalacewa.
Ayyukan da ke Shafar Rashin Haɗarin Late Effects
Yawancin masu canji na iya ƙara ko rage haɗarin haɗakarwa na haɗakarwar rediyo. Wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da:
- Yakinka a lokacin radiation.
- Da kashi na radiation ka karɓi.
- Yawan lokutan jiyya.
- Irin ciwon daji ke biye.
- Yankin jiki wanda ke karɓar radiation.
- Sauran maganin ciwon daji, irin su chemotherapy.
- Sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya, irin su cututtukan zuciya ko ciwon sukari.
Hanyoyin da za a iya Amfani da Tsayi na Dogon Dogon
Wadannan su ne wasu yiwuwar sakamako mai tsawo na radiation treatment. Yana da mahimmanci don nuna cewa radiationrapy ya inganta a cikin 'yan shekarun nan; ya zo ne mai tsawo tun lokacin da aka gabatar da shi don magance ciwon daji a 1903.
Tare da cikakken tsari da sababbin hanyoyi na bayarwa, nazarin tsofaffi na iya ɗaukar haɗari. A daidai wannan lokacin, yayin da mutane ke rayuwa tsawon lokaci tare da ciwon daji, sha'anin radiation na tsawon lokaci zai zama da muhimmanci. An kiyasta cewa kashi 50 cikin dari na mutanen da aka gano da ciwon daji za su karbi maganin radiation.
Ba kowa ba ne zai sami sakamako mai tsawo lokacin da zazzagewa. Mutane da yawa zasu fuskanci kullun fata da gajiya a lokacin jiyya. A wani bangare, yana da muhimmanci a lura da hadarin da ake ciki, irin su cututtukan zuciya, don haka za ku kasance mai haƙuri , amma duk da haka yana da mahimmanci a sake maimaita cewa amfanin lafiyar zai fi sauƙi ga hadarin da ake dadewa.
Hypothyroidism da Rahoton Radiation
Hypothyroidism yana daya daga cikin farfadowa da tasirin radiation lokacin da radiation magani ya ƙunshi wuyansa, kai, da kirji.
Radiation Fibrosis Ciwo
Za a iya tunanin fibrosis na radiation a matsayin mai sauƙi kamar yadda asarar keɓaɓɓu a cikin kyallen takarda bayan radiation, saboda dindindin dindindin. Yawancin cututtukan da ke ƙasa suna haifar da wannan fibrosis wanda zai iya faruwa a kusan kowane yanki na jiki.
Fibrosis na Pulmonary
Lung fibrosis yana da tsararru na tsoka wanda zai iya haifar da rashin jin dadi. Rashin raunin rashawa shine mummunar ƙwayar cutar da ke faruwa a watanni 1 zuwa 6 bayan kammala radiation farfesa a cikin kirji kuma ya faru a kusan kashi hudu na mutanen da ke fama da radiation don ciwon huhu na huhu. Tun da bayyanar cututtuka na iya nuna alamun bayyanar cutar saboda ciwon daji, ko ciwon huhu, yana da muhimmanci a yi magana da likitanku game da duk wani alamun bayyanar cututtuka.
Cututtukan zuciya dangane da farfadowa na Radiation
Cutar zuciya yana da matukar muhimmanci kuma ba a fahimci tsawon lokaci na farfadowa na radiation ba. Alal misali, a cikin marasa lafiya da cutar Hodgkin wadanda suka karbi maganin radiation (ba a san su yanzu ba), babbar hanyar mutuwa ita ce cututtukan zuciya, ba ciwon daji ba. Wadanda ke cikin hadarin sun hada da mutanen da suke da radiation zuwa kirji, ciki har da radiation bayan wani mastectomy don ciwon hagu na gefen hagu.
Radiation na iya rinjayar zuciya a hanyoyi daban-daban da suka haifar:
- Cututtukan cututtukan coronary - Cututtukan cututtukan coronary cututtukan da atherosclerosis ya haifar zai iya zama tasirin sakamako na radiation.
- Cutar zuciya ta Valvular - Radiation na iya haifar da lalacewar zuciya .
- Yanayin rashin daidaituwa irin su lalacewar lalacewar jiki (haɓakaccen ruwa a tsakanin launin nama wanda ke ɗaukar zuciya) da kuma pericarditis .
- Cardiomyopathy - Cardiomyopathy , wani rauni na zuciya tsoka iya faruwa, musamman idan an haɗa tare da wasu chemotherapy kwayoyi irin su Adriamycin (doxorubicin.)
- Abubuwan da ke damun zuciya ( arrhythmias ).
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka bazai bayyana ba shekaru da shekarun da suka gabata bayan kammala aikin maganin radiation, don haka yana da muhimmanci a sanar da likitan ku idan kuna da wani ciwon kirji ko wasu alamu da ke nuna cutar cututtuka.
Abin godiya, sababbin fasahohi irin su raguwa na numfashi (sarrafa numfashi wanda aka tsara don rage girman zubar da hankali ga zuciya zuwa radiation) yana samun samuwa, wanda zai iya rage haɗarin wannan rikitarwa.
Magunguna na biyu
Mun koyi daga bam din bam din bam cewa radiation na iya haifar da ciwon daji, kuma maganin radiation da aka ba don maganin ciwon daji zai iya haifar da wannan hadari.
Blood-Related Cancers - Abun da ke dauke da jini kamar cututtukan cutar sankarar myelogenous (AML), marasa cutar sankarar jini (CML), da kuma cutar tawon sankarar lymphocytic mai zurfi (ALL) suna da tasirin maganin radiation, yawanci a baya daga radiation ga Hodgkin's cutar ko ciwon nono. Hakan ya faru a shekaru 5 zuwa 9 bayan an kammala aikin maganin radiation. Radiation na iya lalata kasusuwa na nama wanda zai haifar da ciwon ƙwayoyin cuta , cututtuka na kasusuwa wanda zai iya ci gaba da zama cikin cutar sankarar bargo.
Tumatattun Magunguna - Magungunan radiation na iya kara yawan ƙwayar cutar ciwon daji, musamman maƙaryacin thyroid da ciwon nono. Ba kamar cututtukan jini ba, haɗarin yana da shekaru 10 zuwa 15 ko fiye bayan bayan an kammala maganin.
Ƙididdigar Lafiya
Harkokin radiation, musamman radiation zuwa kwakwalwa, zuwa gindin kwanyar, kuma zuwa wuyansa zai iya haifar da matsalolin da za a iya fahimta irin su ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da wahala.
Maganin Musculoskeletal
Osteoporosis / Fractures - Radiation na iya haifar da rauni daga kasusuwa, osteoporosis, da osteonecrosis . Alal misali, radiation zuwa kirji zai iya haifar da haƙarƙarin da zare jiki da sauƙi.
Ƙunƙuda / haɗin gwiwa / jijiyoyi / ligaments - Radiation na iya rinjayar tsokoki da kuma tallafawa nau'ikan tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta wanda zai haifar da motsi, ciwo, da ƙuntatawa.
Nau'in sutura - Darkening na yau da kullum na fata, telangiectasias (alamar gizo-gizo) da kuma hasara mai gaskiyar gashi zai iya faruwa tare da radiation. Radiation na iya haifar da lymphedema , kumburi da ke faruwa a sakamakon lalacewar tashoshin lymph, misali, ƙuƙwalwar ƙarfin hannu da aka gani a wasu mata waɗanda suka sami ciwon nono.
Ƙunƙarar ƙura / Ƙarar ido / Cataracts / Rashin lafiya
Lalacewa zuwa glandan salmon da kuma hawaye daga duwatsun daga radiation zuwa kan kai da wuyan ƙila zai iya haifar da bushe mai bushe ko idon bushe.
Shanka / Bladder da Jima'i Dysfunction / Infertility
Radiation zuwa ƙananan ciki da ƙananan yankuna zai iya shafar mafitsara, ciwon, da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta wadanda suke haifar da rashin ƙarfi da rashin haihuwa.
Yadda za a rage ƙananan ku
- Kada ka shan taba - Shan taba yana kara yawan cutar ciwon huhu a bayan kirji.
- Yi magana da likitanka game da duk wani sabon cututtuka na numfashi wanda zai iya ba da labari cewa pneumonitis (duba sama).
- Tambaya game da gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da aka tsara don rage haɗarin hadarin radiation.
- Idan kuna da ciwon radiation, ku tambayi idan akwai samuwa na numfashi.
- Ka tambayi likita game da farfadowa na jiki idan an ƙayyade motsi naka. Jiki na jiki ba zai iya kawar da jikinka na dindindin ba amma zai iya inganta sauƙi da motsi.
Future
Binciken na asibiti yana ci gaba da kallon hanyoyin da za a rage haɗarin tasirin radiation na farfadowa, da yawa tare da alamun sakamako.
> Sources:
> Filopei, J., da W. Frishman. Cutar zuciya ta raunuka. Kwayoyin Halitta a Bincike . 2012. 20 (4): 184-8.
> Krasin, M., Constine, L., Friedman, D., da L. Marks. Ra'ayoyin maganin radiation a fadin shekaru bakan: bambance-bambance da kamance ko abin da tsofaffi da matasa zasu iya koya daga juna. Taro a Radiation Oncology . 2010. 20 (1): 21-9.
> Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Cigaban maganganu na kariya da kuma Rashin raguwa. Shafin Farko na Lafiya. Updated 01/04/16. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mouth-throat/oral-complications-hp-pdq#section/all
> Stubblefield, M. Radiation fibrosis ciwo: ƙananan cutar neuromuscular da nakasasshen kwayoyin cuta a cikin masu ciwon daji. PM & R. 2011. 3 (11): 1041-54.
> Yusuf, S., Sami, S., da kuma I. Daher. Maganin Cutar Cutar da Raɗaɗɗen Ruwa: Rawar Halitta. Kimiyyar Halittar Kwayoyin Kimiyya da Kwarewa . 2011. 317659.